This paper examined King Gojong’s countermeasures of the Peasant War of 1894, perceptions toward the subjects, and views of the state that were manifested through this process. King Gojong, facing a limitation whereby Confucian civilization alone co...
This paper examined King Gojong’s countermeasures of the Peasant War of 1894, perceptions toward the subjects, and views of the state that were manifested through this process. King Gojong, facing a limitation whereby Confucian civilization alone could not respond to the system of international law that was incorporated in a heteronomous manner, established a balance of power theory with all nations and promoted an autonomous modernization grounded in the civilizational viewpoint of “based in the old, adapting from the new.”The Peasant War of 1894 broke out during this process, and China and Japan exploited it to intervene. King Gojong’s countermeasures in response to crisis both home and abroad were
manifested in two ways. Internally, they encompassed measures toward the peasant army, while externally, they involved plans regarding independence.
The idea of “enlighterning the public and the nation” as it appears in King Gojong’s royal messages, demonstrates attempts to overcome the internal and external crisis awareness through strengthening the royal authority.This clearly demonstrates the crisis awareness of the ordinary public and the nation immediately prior to the proclamation of the Korean Empire.