The use of Learning Management System(LMS) in higher education institutions is becoming common. Accordingly, studies were conducted on the factors of acceptance of LMS based on the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM). However, most studies were limited t...
The use of Learning Management System(LMS) in higher education institutions is becoming common. Accordingly, studies were conducted on the factors of acceptance of LMS based on the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM). However, most studies were limited to those that did not analyze the relationship between behavior intention and actual use, assuming that use would lead to actual use, or depending on the learners' self-awareness due to the difficulty of collecting actual usage data. Thus, this study attempted to overcome the limitations of studies on acceptance that had been measured only in the self-reporting questionnaire or use, and to influence the actual use of the user based on the interaction data of learners using LMS.
Thus, in this study, research issues were set up to overcome the limitations of research on existing technology expropriation that had been measured only by self-reporting questionnaires or usage, and to identify the impact of user awareness and actual use based on user interaction data using LMS. Based on the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model), this study sought to identify perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, and structural relationship to actual use. For this, 1,375 university students were surveyed. The variables up to the behavior intention to use were measured in a survey and actual use was analyzed using the student interaction data for the first semester of 2018.
Studies have shown that the structural relationship between perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude of use and use by learners is consistent with the technology acceptance model but, the model with actual use is not acceptance. The indirect effects of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and usability on actual use were also not acceptance. This means that there is a limit to the extent to which actual use can be predicted, and that the variables in the TAM have no effect on actual use. The conclusions of the study based on this study are as follows:
First, it was analyzed that the actual use of the LMS by university students is not related to the use of LMS. They also confirmed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and attitudes have no indirect effects on actual use. This implies that research to the extent of existing use may not, in substance, cause significant changes to the learner when reflected in future LMS improvements. Therefore, factors affecting actual use should be identified and reflected in future LMS improvements. Second, the recognized ease of use of the structural model → perceived usefulness → attitude → behavior intention has been identified as significant. In particular, attitude leads to a learner's satisfaction, meaning that increased user satisfaction leads to increased use. At the same time, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of LMS affect the satisfaction. Therefore, in order to improve future use of LMS, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitudes should be considered.
Suggestions from this study are as follows. First, it is necessary to identify the factors affecting learners' actual use of LMS through various variables. By doing so, it will not only be necessary to increase satisfaction with LMS through technical skills, but also to attempt to pedagogy into technology through continuous research. Second, more sophisticated methods of processing the interaction data within the LMS are requested. This study is meaningful in that it applies learning analysis to technology acceptance studies, especially the pre-treatment process of data can be applied to various studies of learning analysis. Therefore, it is suggested that future exploration of methods to refine data will contribute to the study of learning analysis. Third, extension of the research target for LMS use is requested. For continued use of the LMS, the use of professors as well as learners should be considered. Based on the research on the factors of future use of LMS by the professor, it suggests improvement of LMS considering both learners and professors.
Key words : LMS, TAM, learning analytics, interaction, actual use