Yosong Kukguk consisting of only female is a unique form of Changguk. It has been made on the basis of Pansori and Changuk. In contrast to Pansori performed by one person, Changguk is performed by several females playing each role of narrative song in...
Yosong Kukguk consisting of only female is a unique form of Changguk. It has been made on the basis of Pansori and Changuk. In contrast to Pansori performed by one person, Changguk is performed by several females playing each role of narrative song in unisex troupes.
Yosong Kukguk, as the Korea traditional musical, has contributed to the popularization of national classical music for a certain period. It makes national classical music easily understood, which used to be difficult to touch. In addition, it is a composite performing art genre in which songs, dances and plays are integrated and developed as a brilliant piece of theatrical art that touches the audience sometimes with a comedy and sometimes with a tragedy.
In spite of a race erasure policy under the rule of Japanese colonial regime, both male and female Changguk activities were active and there were women's movement for the emancipation of women and professionalizing tendency of modern womanhood with the national liberation in 1945. By these women's movement and the spirit of modern womanhood, Yosong Kukguk, the activity of the female Changguk, was largely loved from 1950 to 1965. To commence with Hanimdalnim by <Yosongkukacdonghohea> in 1948, many Kukguk troupes such as <Hanimkukgukdan>,<Yosongkukacdan Lim chounang>, <Urikukacdan>, <Jinkun gyosongkukgukdan>, <Samsungkukgukdan>, etc have performed actively.
The culture of female public performance such like Yosong Kukguk is not behind the culture of male public performance for the art value or public performance activity, however, it is a difficult social issue to deal with its continuance in the male dominated culture. But the woman public performance culture has inherited the tradition steadily.
Continuous conservation and effort of such female culture for the development would go on and then, furthermore, the culture of female music should become a development foundation of the female society.
The term "Yosong Kukguk" appreared for the first time after the 1948 libration. Folk music and classical court music became National classiccal music while Changkuk was entitled Kukguk. The first and the last half year of 1940s, Changkuk had performed. Among several Changkuk troupes in the first half year of 1940s, <Dongilchangkukdan> was largely loved for "Ilmok Jangkun" played by Park, Gwihee. Afterward, by the late 1940s, <kukkuksa>, <kukkukhaebhea>, <chosunchangkukdan> and <Kimyeonsuchangkukdan> were active. <Yosongkukacdonghohea> and <Yosongkukacdongjisa> were founded in 1948 and 1949 respectively. <Yosongkukacdonghohea>, made up of female Korean classical musicians, had its premiere of "Ockjunghwa (Chunhangjun)" in 1948. A year later, it was popular with the general public by "Sun and moon". Including <Yosongkukacdongjisa> , <Hanimkukgukdan>,<Yosongkukacdan Lim chounang>, <Urikukacdan>, <Jinkun gyosongkukgukdan>, <Samsungkukgukdan>, and other female troupes were also formed. In 1950s, the performance by Yosong Kukguk enjoyed incresing popularity from 1954 to 1958. Thirtheen troupes and more than two hundred performances of Yosong Kukguk reached its great popularity during that period.
However, not only facing absence of the leading roles as well as poorness of substance due to incline to public interest, but also developing mass media diminish Yosong Kukguk's activities.
As a result, the 1970s was the least active decade for the performance. Since 1980s, female performances such as Kim, Jinjin, Park, Misook, Lee, Gunja, Hong, Sungduk, ect. have orgranized <SerabelYosongkukacdan>, <tongilYosongkukacdan Park, Misook and friend>, <Koear Association of Women's National Musical Drama> to revitalize the play until today. Yosong Kukguk's play has been created two hundred, but only eight out of those remain on records. The records of Yosong Kukguk are 《Kong gi Pet gi》,《Princess of Sunhwa》,《Ondal of fool and Princess of Peangkang》,《Queen of yosongkukkuk Kim jinjin》. There are some pieces of Kukguk in the records of Pansori, 《The world of korea music Back boa Bak okjin sisters 》.
Lim, Chunaeng, the first generation of Yosong Kukguk, was a very veratile performer in choreography, composition, singing, directing and performance. Compared both " Mountins and streams", " and "Dew of flower", sung at "Back yeon cko" by Lim, Chunaeng, with a mode of Pansori , the musical feature are as follows; The two piece are C kaemyeon vocal sound. Main note in the scales such as D, G, A, Bb, D and G is analogous. Using an octace and a vibration in a phrase is similar as well. Neverless, Two different rhythms of a tune, Jungmori and Jinyang jangdan, are used. There is no complex like Pansori expression in these music, but the musical feature of Yosong Kukguk and Pansori does not differ.