This study was conducted to examine the relationship between intolerance on uncertainty and generalized anxiety symptoms and shed light on its mechanism. As a specific mechanism for explaining the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and ge...
This study was conducted to examine the relationship between intolerance on uncertainty and generalized anxiety symptoms and shed light on its mechanism. As a specific mechanism for explaining the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and generalized anxiety symptoms based on previous studies, mediating role of negative problem orientation and emotional contrast avoidance about generalized anxiety symptoms were assumed, and further tested whether the sequential mediating roles of these two variables were significant. To this end, a research model that assumes the sequential mediating roles of negative problem orientation and emotional contrast avoidance in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and generalized anxiety symptoms, and modified models 1 and 2 were proposed.
Self-report measures of intolerance of uncertainty, negative problem orientation, emotional contrast avoidance, and generalized anxiety symptoms were administered to young adult men and women in their 20s and 30s in Korea via an online survey, and a total of 449 participants were used in the final analysis. Structural equation modeling was utilized to assess the fit of the research and modified models to examine the role of the two potential mediators, and bootstrapping was used to test the significance of the indirect effects.
Structural equation analysis revealed that the Heywood case occurred in the model that assumed that negative problem orientation and emotional contrast avoidance would sequentially mediate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and generalized anxiety symptoms. Therefore, we compared the models in which paths between latent variables whose relationships were not clearly demonstrated based on prior research were removed and modified according to the purpose of the study. Considering the simplicity and fit of the model, the significance of the path coefficients, and the theoretical basis, the fully parallel mediation model was considered the most appropriate model and was selected as the final model. All path coefficients in the final model were significant, and the indirect effects of negative problem orientation and emotional contrast avoidance were significant in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and generalized anxiety symptoms.
In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that intolerance of uncertainty has an indirect effect on generalized anxiety symptoms through the mediation of negative problem orientation and emotional contrast avoidance, respectively. Furthermore, these findings suggest that in order to effectively reduce generalized anxiety symptoms in young adults in their 20s and 30s and to prevent these symptoms from progressing to generalized anxiety disorder, it is important to focus on reducing negative problem orientation and emotional contrast avoidance, respectively, as well as interventions that focus on their intolerance of uncertainty. Finally, the significance, limitations, and future research directions of this study are discussed.