정비사업 조합 임원의 선임 및 해임에 따른 법률문제 = A study on the legal problems caused by selection and dismissal of the partnership's officers of housing rearrangement project

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

To a reconstruction project association, articles which provide the selection, dismissal, resignation, expiration of an executive's term, fill-in selection of the executives (the executive body of the association) are highly important. However, the standard reconstruction/redevelopment project association articles presented by the Act on the Maintenance and Improvement of Urban Areas and Dwelling Conditions for Residents or the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs are either unspecific or silent on such issues. Any standard articles that do exist within the provisions are largely limited to the methodology of selection and dismissal of executives, and are being used by reconstruction project associations.
As a result, there have been numerous disputes and conflicts over issues such as: the standard articles concerning a first-time selection; the effective date of the selection, dismissal, resignation, term of office, and fill-in selection; whether an individual who was dismissed, has resigned, or has finished his/her term in office retains his/her job performance right (as well as the boundaries of the right, if he/she does have the rights); the boundaries of duty of an individual who has the seniority right to appoint an acting director; as well as the boundaries of duty of an acting director.
To address these issues: when appointing original executives (individuals appointed for the first time since a reconstruction/redevelopment project association has been organized), the applicable articles are those approved upon the association organization approval that has reached legal agreement terms; regarding the effective date, an selection becomes effective upon its registration; an appointed executive's term ends upon the expiry date of his/her term; a resignation becomes effective upon the date the letter of resignation arrives at the designated recipient; dismissal becomes effective upon decision of dismissal (differing opinions state that it should be effective upon notification); conditional resignation becomes effective upon the date the condition for resignation occurred; the selection of new executives (aside from original executives) becomes effective upon the date of approval (differing opinions state date of registration).
When an executive has resigned or has been dismissed, he or she still retains the job performance right before the board of directors or the board of representatives decides to terminate the executive’s job performance. Once the decision is made, if the relative executive is a reconstruction association’s representative, the eldest of the board of directors immediately takes over the representative’s duty; in the case of a redevelopment association, the auditor will appoint an acting director in the representative’s place; and if the relative executive is a director or an auditor, the representative will appoint an acting director in his/her place. The boundaries of the resigned/dismissed executive or the acting director’s job performance is limited to general office work.
In the occurrence of any events that constitute grounds for disqualification provided by law, or in the case of a replacement due to buying or selling of property: an individual who have yet to apply for lot distribution will be subject to conditional resignation. In such cases, the person has no job performance rights, and a by-election should be held immediately.
Regarding the job performance rights of an executive whose term at office has ended: he/she has no job performance rights if there are vacancies in the quorum provided by law; if there are no vacancies, he/she retains the rights until his/her successor is selected. However, the boundary of job performance is determined individually and specifically in accordance with Supreme Court Decisions. Such boundaries exceeds general office work.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

조합에 있어서 그 집행기관인 임원의 선임·해임·사임·임기만료·보궐선임 등을 규정한 정관내용은 매우 중요하다. 그런데 도시정비법이나 국토해양부에서 발표한 표준정관을 보면 이 문제들에 대해서 명확하지 못하거나 아예 누락되어 있는 경우가 많고, 그나마 주로 선출·해임의 방법론에 치우쳐 있는데, 각 조합들은 표준정관을 그대로 사용하고 있는 실정이다.
그 결과 최초선임 시 준거규정은 무엇인지, 선임·사임·해임·보궐선임 등의 효력발생시기는 언제인지, 해임 또는 사임되거나 임기만료 된 자의 경우 업무수행권은 있는지와 있다면 그 업무범위는 어디까지인지, 직무대행자 선임권자 및 직무대행자의 업무범위는 어디까지인지 등에 관하여 많은 논란과 분쟁이 있었다.
이에 대해 정리하면, 최초선임의 경우 준거규정은 정관에 대해 법정 동의요건에 도달하는 조합설립동의를 받은 것이며, 선임의 효력발생시기는 등기까지 되어야 하고, 임기만료는 임기만료일, 사임은 사임의사표시가 수령권자에게 도달일, 해임은 해임의결 시(고지까지 하여야 한다는 이견이 있다), 당연퇴임은 해당사유 발생일, 최초 임원 외에 변경임원은 인가일(등기까지 되어야 한다는 이견이 있다)에 그 효력이 발생한다.
임원이 사임 또는 해임된 경우에는 이사회 또는 대의원회에서 직무정지를 의결하기 전에는 직무수행권이 있고, 직무정지를 의결하면, 조합장의 경우는 재건축은 이사 중 연장자가 즉시 업무를 대행하고, 재개발은 감사가 그 직무대행자를 선임하며, 이사·감사의 경우는 조합장이 임시로 선임한다. 물론 법원에 직무대행자 선임가처분을 신청할 수도 있다. 이때 사임·해임된 임원이나 그 직무대행자의 업무수행범위는 통상사무에 한한다.
법이 정한 결격사유가 발생한 경우, 매매 등으로 교체된 경우, 분양 미신청자의 경우는 당연 퇴임하고, 이 경우에는 업무수행권이 없으며, 즉시 보궐선임을 하여야 할 것이다.
임기만료된 임원의 업무수행권을 살펴보면, 법정정원에 여유가 있으면 업무수행권이 없고, 법정정원에 여유가 없으면 후임자 선출 시까지 업무수행권이 있다. 다만 업무수행범위는 대법원 판례에 따라 개별적·구체적으로 가려 인정된다. 이는 통상사무보다는 넓은 개념이다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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