침투성 살충제 Carbofuran 토양 잔류물의 벼에 의한 흡수 = Originals : Uptake of the Fresh and Aged Residues of Carbofuran by Rice Plants from Soil

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In order to investigate the uptake of the systemic insecticide, carbofuran, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl-N-methyl(arbamate) residues, fresh and aged, by rice plants, they were grown for 42 days in soils containing freshly treated (T-1), 3-month-aged (T-2), and 6-month-aged residues (T-3). The amounts of ^(14)CO₂ evolved from ^(14)C-carbofuran during the 3-and 6-month aging in soil (temp. 22±1℃ ; moisture, 50% of the maximum water-holding capacity) were 8.9 and 26.7% of the original radioactivity applied, respectively. Mineralization of ^(14)C-carbofuran in soil to ^(14)CO₂ during 42 days of rice growing was 4.4% (T-1), 11.0% (T-2), and 15.7 (T-3). The methanol extract of the 3-and 6-month-aged soils revealed that 3-keto carbofuran phenol (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-7-benzofuranol) was the major metabolite, where as 3-hydroxy carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-7-benzofuranyl-N-methylcarbamate) turned out to be the major metabolite in the shoots by the enzymatic cleavage of the possible conjugate present in the methanol extract. Volatilization of ^(14)C-carbofuran in soil during 3-and 6-month-aging, and 42 days of rice growing was 0.026, 0.05, and 0.012-0.018% of the applied radioactivity, respectively. The ^(14)C-radioactivity which was absorbed from the soils by rice plants during 42 days of the growing period and persisted in rice plant tissues was 26.8, 21.4, and 10.3% in T-1, T-2, and T-3, respectively. The non-extractable bound residues were 8.3, 37.9, and 54.6% of the originally applied carbofuran in T-1. T-2, and T-3, respectively. The small translocation of ^(14)C-radioactivity in T-3 upwards suggests that major metabolite 3-keto carbofuran phenol is conjugated in roots and the low recovery in T-1 indicates the loss of carbofuran from the shoots.