성인 ADHD 성향군의 회귀억제와 반응억제 결함 = Inhibition of Return and Response Inhibition Deficits in Adults with ADHD Tendency

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined inhibition of return(IOR) and response inhibition deficits in adults with ADHD tendency using three web-based neuropsychological experiments. Specifically, using an IOR task in Exp. 1., we tested whether the amount of IOR in adults with ADHD would be decreased compared to control group. In Exp. 2 and 3, we also examined whether adults with ADHD tendency would show deficits in response inhibition compared to control group, using a continuous performance test(CPT) and a Stroop task. As results, 1) we found that ADHD tendency group showed less IOR compared to control group. 2) ADHD tendency group showed less response accuracy than control group. We then compared ADHD tendency group with controls performance in the CPT task. As a result, the ADHD tendency group showed more commission errors than the control group. Finally, the amount of stroop interference in Stroop task was not significant, while there was an interesting three-way interaction among the stroop, IOR and group conditions. These results suggest that ADHD tendency group had difficulties in efficient employment-deployment of attention, as shown in the IOR task. Moreover, the group difference in commission error obtained in CPT suggests that adults with ADHD tendency have deficits in response inhibition. Taken together, the result of the present study may be useful in understanding the characteristic of specific symptoms in adults with ADHD tendency. Further research is needed to generalize these results to clinically diagnosed patients with ADHD.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 세 가지 웹-기반 실험과제를 이용하여 성인 ADHD 성향군의 회귀억제 결함과 반응억제 결함을 검토하고자 하였다. 구체적으로, 회귀억제과제를 실시한 후 통제군과 비교하여 성인 ADHD 성향군이 회귀억제력에서 결함이 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 그리고 연속수행과제와 스트룹과제를 실시한 후 통제군과 비교하여 ADHD 성향군이 반응 억제능력과 지속적 주의에서도 결함이 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 회귀억제과제에서 ADHD 성향군과 통제군의 반응시간을 비교한 결과, ADHD 성향군은 통제군에 비해 더 적은 회귀억제량을 보였으며, ADHD 성향군은 통제군에 비해 정반응률이 유의미하게 낮았다. 연속수행과제에서 ADHD 성향군과 통제군의 수행을 비교한 결과, ADHD 성향군이 통제군보다 오경보의 수가 더 많았으나 누락오류 수와 반응시간에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 마지막으로 스트룹과제 수행결과, 스트룹 간섭량과 정반응률에서 집단 간의 차이는 유의미하지 않았으나, 스트룹 간섭량 패턴에서 ADHD 성향군과 통제군의 패턴이 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 결과들을 종합하면, ADHD 성향군이 효율적인 주의억제와 반응억제를 실행하는데 어려움이 있고, 충동적이며 지속적인 주의를 유지하는 데 결함이 있는 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구의 결과들을 기초로, 성인 ADHD 성향군의 주의, 반응억제 등의 세부증상의 특성을 이해하는데 유용할 수 있고 이를 바탕으로 ADHD 성인을 진단하는 지표들을 마련하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. 마지막으로, 향후 임상표본을 대상으로 본 연구 결과를 일반화시키기 위한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

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