학교운동부 육성제도의 현황과 개선방향

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to present directions of desirable management of school sport teams considering changes in physical education at schools. For the purpose, we analysed school sports team systems in advanced countries and the current status and problems of the Korean systems based on bibliography and international and national data on physical education and school sport teams at schools.
This study analysed the current status of school sports teams in advanced countries and problems of our school athletic teams to develop directions of desirable school sports team system:
First, the current status of school sports teams in advanced countries is presented as follows:
1. The U.S.A. combines the school elite sport system with the league-style sport system, manages student players through the NCAA regulation and organizes competitions according to seasons and levels.
2. Germany has the sports club and league-dominating system, and
encourages school clubs and local clubs to connect together through financial support from state governments and sports committees. It Provides incentives for school sports and competitions between school sport teams.
3. In Japan, the school elite sports system is mixed with the community sports system. Elementary schools have boys and girls sports teams, and middle and high schools have voluntary sports system under supervision of instructors, focusing on providing students enough opportunities to have Physical activities.
4. In Australia, sports clubs and school physical education system for adolescents are accompanied by elite sports system led by governments, focusing on enhancing health of adolescents through programs and a recommendation system to encourage Physical activities.
Second, the current status and problems of school sports team are presented as follows:
1. As a result of analysing the current status and Problems of physical education specialty system, we found that there was much absurdity due to absolute influence of instructors in respect to entrance to higher grade of schools. As students skip classes frequently because of frequent competitions and excessive practice, they learned little and their learning ability was low, which was an inhibitory factor when they were to adjust to society after they would graduate.
2. This study analysed the current status and problems in management of competitions and found that as student players were in higher grades, they participated in more competitions, and they could hardly participate in other school events as well as classes. And there were administrative and financial problems according to dualism of organizers and as infrastructures and segmentation were poor, we did not have organized systems like those of advanced countries.
3. When this study analysed the current status and problems in student players' rights to learn, it was found that student players and parents had prejudice against victory and excessive competition schedules, which led to low academic scores and loss of classes. And when this study identified the current status and problems of human rights, physical pstushments were frequently given righlayers because instructors had full power to control them, and the system was authoritative and man-wer ered. There were many problems in relation to boarding houses, training, and education on sexual harrassment and counselling service.
4. For the current status and Problems in training and management of student players, as they were in higher grades, requirements were poorly managed and excessive training programs were provided for better results at competitions. The training programs centered on winning and was unsystematically managed, which caused student players to miss their opportunities to be educated and to have serious problems in adjusting society.
5. In respect to the current status and problems of instructor system, we found problems in appointment periods, dismissal, qualification, routes to appointment, excessive training programs focusing on winning, bribe to judges, outcome fabrication, low pay to unqualified instructors, and lack in their enthusiasm and feeling of belonging.
6. In respect to the current status and problems of school facilities for physical education, this study found problems in gyms and playground, quantity and quality of facilities, management, structure and arrangement.
7. This study analysed school sports clubs and found that teachers of physical education managed the clubs which did not lead to active intra-school competitions. There was a difficulty in respect to encouraging students to participate in competitions, time limit, use of facilities, funding for competitions among school sports clubs and kinds of sports competitions.
Third, based on the results, this study presents the directions of school sport team system:
1. For sports specialization system, student players should be qualified for competitions through introduction of the lowest grade system, use of competition results as a minimum standard should be abolished, and public evaluation system should be developed for fair selection of players.
2. Skip of class and excessive competition schedules should be prevented through limit to participation, merger or abolition of national competitions, and introduction of league system.
3. Learning rights should be legally improved, and helpers for student players and voluntary services should be provided for better academic achievements. Mentoring system in which college students and graduates help student players to have better academic records should be developed.
Human rights of student players should be considered. The qualification of instructors should be reinforced through more training. Counselling for student players should be compulsory and roles of the protection committee should be reinforced. The human right protection center should be established and more women instructors should be nurtured.
4. For more effective training and management systems for student players, training at boarding house should be Prohibited or supervised strictly. Through improvement of environment like the Student Management Regulation of NCNA, U.S.A. student Players should be encouraged not to quit their sports activities. Convenience facilities which students and community PeoPle can share should beprepared through financial supports from National Sports Fund and Local Governments.
5. An instructor training system should be developed for improvement of existing instructor systems. And P. E. teachers, teachers or volunteers should be used as coaches for school sports teams like Japan or the U.S.A.
6. Through reorganization of the Standards Procedure of school sports facilities, school facilities should be newly deigned according to grades of schools. And Physical education should be more effectively managed through remodelling the rooftop, basement and classrooms. Schools and persons concerned of school complex facilities should discuss sports facilities.
7. Seasonal programs should be introduced to school sports club competitions, management should be differentiated among schools, local districts, and educational offices, in which the management should be diversified according to levels and ages and step-by-step competitions should be developed. And professional human resources, volunteers, and promotion materials should be expanded to induce much interest from students and student Parents.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구의 문제 = 2
• 3. 연구의 방법 = 3
• 4. 연구의 제한점 = 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 5
• 1. 학교체육의 개념과 현황 = 5
• 2. 학교운동부의 개념과 현황 = 13
• 3. 학교스포츠클럽의 개념과 현황 = 20
• 4. 선행연구동향 = 23
• Ⅲ. 선진국 학교운동부 육성제도 = 26
• 1. 미국 = 26
• 2. 독일 = 32
• 3. 일본 = 38
• 4. 호주 = 42
• Ⅳ. 학교운동부 육성제도의 실태 및 문제점 = 52
• 1. 체육특기자 제도의 실태 및 문제점 = 52
• 2. 대회운영방식의 실태 및 문제점 = 55
• 3. 학생선수 학습권과 인권의 실태 및 문제점 = 61
• 4. 학생선수 훈련 및 관리제도의 실태 및 문제점 = 76
• 5. 지도자 활용제도의 실태 및 문제점 = 89
• 6. 학교스포츠 클럽 육성 실태 및 문제점 = 102
• Ⅴ. 학교운동부 육성제도의 개선방향 = 111
• 1. 체육특기자 제도의 개선 = 111
• 2. 대회 운영방식의 개선 = 112
• 3. 학생선수 학습권과 인권문제의 개선 = 115
• 4. 학생선수 출신 및 관리제도 개선 = 121
• 5. 지도자 활용제도의 개선 = 123
• 6. 학교체육시설의 개선 = 128
• 7. 학교스포츠클럽 개선 = 131
• Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 = 138
• 참고문헌 = 143
• ABSTRACT = 148