Since the opening of the first Gyeongin Railway in 1899, South Korea's railroads have undergone continuous changes and development. While its technology and operations are of world-class, the scale and usage are lower than those of developed countries...
Since the opening of the first Gyeongin Railway in 1899, South Korea's railroads have undergone continuous changes and development. While its technology and operations are of world-class, the scale and usage are lower than those of developed countries. The government and railroad operating agency have expanded railroads through rail projects, and ridership was on the rise.
However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, railroad operating agency’s management status deteriorated, and the railroad business became stagnated due to difficulties in management activities. While situations have been improving since 2022, they have not yet recovered.
Therefore, it is now time for a stable and continuous railway management plan that can improve the management status of railway operating institutions that have deteriorated due to COVID-19, normalize railway business, and respond to crises such as the pandemic in the long run.
Regarding the railroad management plan, the number of passengers in transportation revenue and ancillary business revenue from various businesses are important elements for railroad management, and since railroad stations play a significant role in railroad management as a medium for passengers and ancillary businesses, research is necessary on passengers and ancillary businesses.
Railroad stations are the nodal point between trains and passengers. Railroad stations are important railroad facilities for railroad management that serve as a medium for users and auxiliary businesses. However, in previous studies, there is little empirical research related to the characteristics of railway stations regarding users and ancillary businesses. Therefore, this study differentiated itself from previous studies by identifying the characteristics and relationships of railway stations as influential factors on the number of users and profits from auxiliary projects.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the influencing factors of railroad station characteristics with regard to the number of passengers and ancillary business revenues as a railway management measure for the railway operating agency, as well as to draw implications for the development and operation of railway stations. It also sought to contribute to revitalizing the railroad business with a railroad management plan that enables decision-making by the railroad management agency.
The subject of this study includes 159 stations on 8 lines of the metropolitan metro railroad operated by the Korea Railroad Corporation between 2016 and 2021. The dependent variables are the number of passengers and ancillary business revenue, and the independent variables are railroad station characteristics, which are divided into ten factors of real estate characteristics and operational characteristics.
Statistical analysis was performed using basic statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.
As a result of the analysis, it was found that the characteristics of railway stations are correlated with and affect the number of users and ancillary business profits.
Factors influencing the number of users include Special-Purpose Areas, Land Price, Station Type, Gross Floor Area, Complex Station, Number of Stores, Operating Period, and Asset Type. Factors affecting profits from auxiliary business included Special-Purpose Areas, Land Price, Gross Floor Area, Complex Station, Number of Stores, Parking Lot, and Operating Period. Factors influencing railway station characteristics were evenly distributed between real estate characteristics and management characteristics.
It considered implications for the development and operation of railway stations in order to establish a railway management environment for railway operating institutions. The railway station must be in an urban area, the total floor area and number of stores must be planned at a sufficient scale, the station must be active in promoting a complex station with various functions, and a plan that takes sustainability into consideration is needed.
This study was successful in revealing the relationship between the number of users, ancillary business profits and railway station characteristics. Furthermore, we hope that railroad operating organizations will contribute to establishing a stable and sustainable railroad management environment by utilizing railroad station development and operation plans.
Keywords : Number of Users, Profit from Ancillary Business, Characteristics of Railway Stations, Railway Management Environment, Multiple Regression Analysis.