Serious disasters destroy individual lives and family happiness, and cause social conflicts and national losses. However, the scale of major disasters in Korea still far exceeded the economic level. Risk assessment is one of the safety tasks to reduce...
Serious disasters destroy individual lives and family happiness, and cause social conflicts and national losses. However, the scale of major disasters in Korea still far exceeded the economic level. Risk assessment is one of the safety tasks to reduce major accidents that are being implemented by most construction companies. In this study, based on the results of a survey to derive the factors that affect the working environment according to the risk of each process and to find out the difference in the level of awareness between the groups, targeting workers at the construction site of apartment complexes and apartments, the current risk assessment system Identify the problem and the awareness level of the manager, After estimating the risk occurrence probability index and the risk intensity index, it is used to present a grade for risk assessment. Based on the risk assessment data of frame construction of three general construction companies within the top 50 in the construction capability evaluation, the risk of serious accidents and fatal accidents that occurred in 2022 and 2023 and the causal relationship between general construction company management matters and serious accidents and deaths through reduction measures was found, and the priority management level to be dealt with to reduce serious accidents in apartment construction was analyzed through the US Defense Risk Program (MIL-STD-882B) and the level was presented.
As a result of this study, it was possible to identify practical high-risk work through the risk assessment system through a survey of field workers, and the importance of creating a safe working environment by predicting the process in advance was emphasized. In addition, there were many opinions that the risk assessment process actually contributes to industrial accident prevention activities in the field, and the analysis result showed that it is easier to apply when the risk is estimated through the preparation of a risk assessment table and the participation of workers as the subject of the activity is increased. It was said that through risk assessment activities, changes were made to comply with the legal requirements of the construction industry and improve the safety satisfaction of the workplace, and it was difficult to record and manage the performance of risk assessment in implementing the system. Research on the educational connection of safety and health risk assessment and the simplification or application convenience of systematic training and systems was analyzed as an improvement effect of practical application. And among the most dangerous work process risk rating presentations, the most dangerous work is analyzed as follows. Reinforcing bar construction is caused by unreasonable conditions for equipment work such as cranes, such as accidental access by workers due to non-zoning or non-execution of equipment work radius control during loading and unloading, non-compliance with the allowable load of equipment during material lifting, non-consideration of wind speed, and lack of visibility for operators. When assembling work methods and reinforcing bars, the work due to the lack of installation or arbitrary disassembly of safety facilities such as safety handrails and opening covers in the work scaffolding and working environment was found to be the most dangerous. Formwork and special formwork are dangerous due to deformation and damage of lifting devices and poor rope hanging methods during material lifting work, and safety facilities such as work platforms and safety railing opening covers in the working environment are not installed or arbitrarily dismantled during dismantling work when dismantling formwork In the case of gang foam installation and disassembly, safety devices such as shear bolts and vertical protection nets were found to be the most dangerous. In concrete pouring work, it was found that the risk due to inappropriate setting location such as unconfirmed poor ground conditions during equipment work such as pump car setting, and construction defects such as non-compliance with shoring installation standards and lack of fastening of connecting pins during pouring compaction and plastering work were found to be the most dangerous. Cracking and excavation works are dangerous due to failure of the safety device of the aerial work platform and arbitrary disassembly during internal work of the structure, violation of work safety rules such as two-point support between external rope scaffolding work, measures to prevent rope breakage, and condition of the rope in external work of the structure. found to be the most dangerous. Scaffolding and shoring construction is dangerous due to non-execution of control of the work radius of loading and unloading equipment during material transportation and random access by workers, risk due to deformation damage of lifting equipment and poor tethering method during lifting work, opening in the work environment during installation and disassembly work Arbitrary disassembly without cover installation, failure to install moving passages, failure to install safety facilities such as fall nets, and arbitrary disassembly were found to be the most dangerous.
In fact, the researcher expressed the contents that he considered and analyzed while working in the field of safety managers, and there was a degree of agreement with the opinions of supervisors and safety managers of general construction companies engaged in field work. In order to document the performance of future risk assessments and increase worker participation, help will be needed at the corporate and national levels to improve the level of competency of subcontractors. It is hoped that this study will serve as a stepping stone for establishing an autonomous safety and health management system such as risk assessment.