영어 처소 표현의 논항 지향성에 관한 연구 = (A) Study of argument orientation on locative phrases

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to investigate argument orientations of locative prepositional phrases and state general characteristics of argument orientation on locative prepositional phrases from the text analysis. Based on the four semantic properties of locative prepositional phrases, this paper argues that the basic modes of spatial cognition can be best identified in terms of location of events and participants. The ways of locating events and states are identified in terms of Argument Orientation.
Four patterns of argument orientation described here reveal substantial modes of spatial cognition, and the argument orientation patterns are mostly determined by the semantic classes of English verbs combining with locative expressions, i.e., by the event type of the predicate. Also argument orientation can be approached with class of locative alternation verbs and class of agentive and non-agentive verbs.
Argument orientation on locative pps in English attributes to semantic structure and features of verbs which can be analysed inherent property. However, there exists a problem to determine the patterns of argument orientation. That is interpretational ambiguity of sentence caused by context-dependable factors, pragmatic factors and syntatic factors of modification scope.
The text analysis shows how these four arguments orientation patterns occur in the gradable textbooks used in the middle school and high school. We can also infer several general facts about argument orientation through this survey at the same time as below.
First, transitive verbs which are combined with non-stative prepositional phrases always show one of three argument orientation types, that is, [O], [S + O] or [S x O]. Second, subject-object oriented pps can happen only with symmetric prepositional phrases. Third, verbs of judgement and verbs of psych can be combined with only subject-oriented locative pps. Forth, All locative alternation verbs have only object-orientation. Fifth, argument orientation mostly combines with stative prepositional phrases and shows high frequency of [O] and [S + O] in a general way. Also we can identify some characteristics of argument orientation through the text analysis. First, showing high frequency of agentive verbs and non-abentive verbs is common to all gradable textbooks in a distribution of combination with types of verbs and prepositional phrases. Second, [S] and [S x O] appear more in the high level textbooks than lower level textbooks. Third, all four patterns of argument orientation show much higher frequency in the middle textbooks over all.
In conclusion, higher frequency of all four argument orientation patterns shows not in the high textbooks but in middle school textbooks over all. The reason is that there are a lot more visible, physical and specific words in the lower level textbooks than high level textbooks, but on the other hand there are much more abstractive and non-objective words in the high school textbook. Also the reason for the highest appearance of [O] among the four patterns might be explained as "Iconicity of Language", that is, locative phrases are closer to object argument than subject argument. Therefore, locative pps affect more the meaning of object than subject.
It might be helpful for English learners when they translate English text into Korean. This text analysis can be practical application as a good material to help them understand English easier.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1장 서론 1
• 제 2장 처소 표현의 논항 지향성 4
• 2.1 논항 지향성의 정의 및 유형 4
• 2.2 동사의 유형과 논항 지향성 15
• 2.3 동사의 의미적 자질과 논항 지향성 31
• 제 3장 논항 지향성의 텍스트 분석 43
• 3.1 코퍼스 언어학 43
• 3.2 연구대상과 자료 분석 방법 45
• 3.3 연구 분석 결과 및 논의 49
• 제 4장 요약 및 결론 65
• 참고문헌 68
• 부록 72
• 영문초록 76