고등학생의 소비행태와 소비교육에 관한 연구 = A study on consumption patterns and consumer education of highschool students

국문 초록 (Abstract)

서울시내 고등학생을 대상으로 하여 사회 환경 변인과 소비자 교육 변인이 소비행태 중 구매행태에 미치는 영향을 고찰할 목적으로 사회경제적 변인, 사회 환경 변인, 소비자 교육 정도를 독립변수로, 소비행태를 종속변수로 하여 양 변수 간의 관계를 실증적으로 분석한 결과 비합리적인 소비행태는 주로 사회경제적 변인(성별, 용돈액수, 가계소득 등)에 의해 차이가 나타났고, 합리적인 소비행태는 사회 환경 변인(학교 등교시 금지 물품 유무)과 소비자 교육 변인에 따라 차이가 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 첫째, 가정의 소득이 많을수록 과시소비, 모방소비의 경향이 높은 것으로 나타나고 용돈액수가 많을수록 과시소비, 충동소비, 모방소비의 경향이 높은 것으로 나타난 점으로 보아 가정과 학교의 소비교육이 더욱 강화되어야 하며, 둘째, 사회 환경 변인 즉, 학교 등교 시 금지 물품이 있는 경우 합리적인 소비를 하게 된다는 사실을 알 수 있었고, 이러한 제도적인 면을 잘 활용하면 청소년의 소비행태를 바람직한 방향으로 이끌 수 있을 것이며, 셋째, 가정 소비교육과 학교소비교육을 많이 받는 집단일수록 합리적인 소비를 한다는 결과는 소비교육의 중요성을 말해준다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In modern society, the mass production and the mass consumption society could not be apart from men's consumption life. And, good consumption had a great influence upon national economy together with production, while wrong consumption created negative results in the society such as the increase of bad credit holders and others.
In particular, young people's consumption patterns were thought to be important due to the following reasons: Firstly, the market for young people occupied large share at overall market. Secondly, when young people's family bought commodities, young people's propensity to consume had a great influence upon buying decision-making. Thirdly, the consumption related experience during the youth's days could decide on consumption behavior types when young people became adult.
Therefore, the study investigated consumption patterns during the youth's days to find out reasonable consumption and to supply basic material for young consumers' consumer education as follows:
Firstly, the study examined difference of consumption patterns of high school students depending upon social and economic variables, social environment variables and consumer education variables, etc.
Secondly, the study was aimed at suggesting improvement of consumer education in accordance with consumption patterns analysis of high school students.
The research processes and procedures were as follows:
Firstly, the subjects were the first year high school students.
Secondly, the study classified young people's consumption patterns into two, that is to say, unreasonable consumption such as conspicuous consumption, impulse consumption, imitation consumption, and reasonable consumption such as consumption based on rational decision.
Thirdly, the study positively investigated relations between independent variables and dependent variables that had influence upon consumption patterns: The independent variables included social and economic variables (gender, parents' educational background, parents' occupation, monthly pocket money in average and household income, etc), social environment variables (existence of prohibited articles at schools), and consumer education variables (consumer education at home and at schools), while the dependent variable did consumption patterns.
The subjects were boy students and girl students of the first year of high schools at Seoul. The study made use of questionnaire, frequency analysis, T-test, and ANOVA, etc. The SPSSWIN PC+ 10.1 program was used.
The findings were as follows: The unreasonable consumption remained relatively low (conspicuous consumption : 2.66, impulse consumption : 2.26, imitation consumption : 2.21), while the reasonable consumption did 3.40 to live relatively sound consumption life.
The social and economic variables had influence upon consumption patterns as follows:
1) The boy students relied upon impulse consumption (2.13) more than the girl students did (2.40).
2) The students who were given more pocket money relied upon conspicuous consumption, impulse consumption and imitation consumption.
3) The conspicuous consumption had significant difference depending upon father's academic background.
4) The students whose household income was high largely relied upon conspicuous consumption and imitation consumption.
The social environment variables had influence upon consumption patterns as follows: When there were prohibited articles at school attendance, the impulse consumption remained low. Therefore, the existence of prohibited articles at school attendance had influence upon impulse consumption as well as reasonable consumption.
The consumer education variables had influence upon consumption patterns as follows: High consumption education group at home consumed more reasonably than low group did.
And, the difference of consumption patterns depending upon consumption education at schools was as follows: High consumption education group consumed more reasonably than low group did.
The findings based on the hypotheses above were as follows:
Firstly, the students whose household income was high relied upon conspicuous consumption and imitation consumption, and the ones who were given more pocket money relied upon conspicuous consumption, impulse consumption and imitation consumption, etc. Therefore, home and schools were required to reinforce consumption education.
Secondly, when there were social environment variables such as prohibited articles at school attendance, the students consumed reasonably: Proper use of the system could lead young people's consumption patterns in desirable way.
Thirdly, the group who was given consumption education at home and at schools consumed reasonably to indicate the values of consumption education.
To manage young people's consumption patterns in reasonable way, the consumption education at home and at schools should be reinforced, and social system regulation including schools was required.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 문제의 제기 = 1
• 제2절 연구의 목적과 범위 = 3
• 제2장 이론적 배경 및 선행연구 고찰 = 5
• 제1절 소비 및 소비자 = 5
• 제2절 소비행태이론 = 11
• 제3절 구매행동 유형 = 16
• 제4절 청소년 소비행태에 관한 선행연구고찰 = 21
• 제3장 청소년 소비행태의 실증조사 = 26
• 제1절 연구가설 = 26
• 제2절 분석 방법 = 31
• 제3절 조사결과의 분석 = 34
• 제4장 요약 및 결론 = 53
• 참고 문헌 = 58
• 부록 = 61
• 1. 설문지 = 61
• 2. 문항별 분석표 = 66
• ABSTRACT = 74