In order to lead urban growth in response to changes in conditions such as reorganization of urban centers, changes in industrial structures, and diversification of transportation modes, changes in urban planning are sometimes required. Especially, it...
In order to lead urban growth in response to changes in conditions such as reorganization of urban centers, changes in industrial structures, and diversification of transportation modes, changes in urban planning are sometimes required. Especially, it is essential to change in urban planning about large-scale site where relocated public institutions and lost the function of city for the improvement of the urban vitality and the healthy growth of city. However, it has led to decline the function of city by long term delayed revision of urban planning due to the criticism of preferential treatment and private profit through alteration of the purpose of use. According to the Seoul Metropolitan Government introduced a Pre-negotiation system for changes in urban planning in 2009 with the aim of good development that can be mutually benefited through mutual negotiation between the public and the private sector. However, it has not become effective management due to 3 sites which had been taken approximately 4 years of 4 sites pre-negotiated site in seoul where is the Hyundai Motor Company site in Gangnam-gu, the Seoul parking garage in Gangdong-gu, the subway station of Hongik University in Mapo-gu and the bus terminal in Yongsan-gu.
This study analyzes the factors influencing the duration of the negotiation period by comparing and analyzing the pre - negotiation cases of 4 sites showing the difference of the negotiation period from a negotiation perspective. Specifically, it is necessary to clarify how the detailed factors such as negotiators, negotiation agenda, negotiation power, negotiation system, and negotiation environment affect the negotiation process in each stage of the negotiation process. Based on the results of the study, it deduce policy implications for activating and developing the pre-negotiation. The major influences of each stage (① the selection stage of negotiating site, ② negotiation process stage, ③ implementation stage of negotiated result) are summarized as follows.
In the selection stage of the negotiation site, the Seoul Metropolitan Government announced the policy plan of the COEX-Jamsil Stadium as a comprehensive development plan(2014) in advance, and was selected as the negotiating target area. It was analyzed that suggesting the proper development plans by private business partners was effective in shortening the period.
In negotiation process stage, 13 detailed factors of 5 factors (negotiators, negotiation agenda, negotiation power, negotiation system, and negotiation environment) deduce from 6 factors that is important influencing the pre – negotiation. First, the negotiators of public sector were unified in the Seoul Metropolitan Government to improve the predictability and stability of the negotiations. Second, the negotiations became more successful by agreements of stakeholder agenda after agreement of basic agenda. Third, it was set up the deadline for negotiation. Fourth, the Seoul Metropolitan Government has set up the task force team dedicated to the completion of the project to promote negotiations with representatives and autonomy. Fifth, it has been promoted since 2012, when the legal basis and system stability have been secured, and the addition of a negotiation coordination working group (public and private sector working groups and, if necessary, related departments and experts); and Sixth, it was able to has highly predictability to the announcement a high-level and relevant plan (comprehensive development plan(2014)) with specific guidelines before negotiations, and to establish alternative and strategic plans for both sides. It was analyzed that these 6 factors lead to reach a consensus.
In implementation stage of negotiated result, the Hyundai Motor Company site was prolonged compared to the previous case. It was necessary to revise and supplement the low-floor activation plan that was not specifically discussed at the negotiation stage. It was analyzed that this was because the members of the Joint Committee of Urban·Architecture have been largely replaced and their consensus with the changed members has been low.
Based on the results summarized above, the policy implications for the activation and development of the pre-negotiation system can be summarized as follows.
First, it is necessary to establish a preliminary plan for the preliminary negotiation target sites and the discovery and arrangement of public preliminary negotiation target sites. In order to secure the legitimacy of changes in urban planning and reduce preferential treatment, and to establish a negotiation strategy based on consensus on the basic direction between both sides in advance, public sector is important to organize and arrange infrastructure which is necessary to set up a development direction and guidelines in line with the vicinity of pre-negotiation sites.
Secondly, it is necessary that an organization that can form an active and positive consensus with direct and indirect stakeholders and establish consensus being coherent negotiation strategies through sufficient discussion with cities and districts government such as the Joint Committee of Urban·Architecture which is organization for review and resolution make institutional complement to enable more active participation in pre- negotiation process.
Third, it is necessary to supplement the public-related laws and institutional arrangements that are most acutely debated between the private and public parties and stakeholders, to separate the agenda in the pre-negotiation process and to establish the strategy for the settlement order.
This study is meaningful in that the preliminary negotiation related to the change in urban planning has derived the influence factors that can find the settlement point in a shorter time. However, in order for the results and implications to be applied to the preliminary negotiations, it will be necessary to examine and study the negotiation environment other than the negotiation process, especially the system and administration.