한국 무쇠솥 주조기술과 전승에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The casting technique is to inject molten metal into the mold and then cool them to produce finished metal products. The feature of this technique is that it easy to mass-produce complex shapes compared to welding because of it is easy to process. The casting technique is divided by porcelain clay casting, sand mold casting, and beeswax casting, and mainly five metal materials are utilized, which are gold, silver, copper, tin, and iron. The difference between these casting techniques comes from the environmental factors and the utility of the technology.

Being a crucial part of culture and industry, iron has been a foundation for the civilization development. Korean casting technique has been utilized in various ways since it was generated during the Bronze Age. Master craftsman of casting technique were called ‘Sangcheoljang’ (zinc master) during the Korean dynasty and ‘Jujang’ or ‘Jucheoljang’ (master of tempering iron) during the Joseon Dynasty. The master craftsmen were managed by the government.

Korea has preserved and fostered numerous traditional craft techniques that are disappearing from modern society, with intangible cultural property designation system, and seven people are designated and recognized in six categories for intangible cultural assets of national and provincial related to casting technique. In this paper, we have studied about the process of making the cast iron pot and the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Intangible Cultural Heritage No.7, the Deoksuri Bulmi-gongye (Bellows Craft) and the Gyeonggi Province Intangible Cultural Heritage No.45, the Casting Craftsman (Anseong-jumul).

‘Bulmi-gongye’ and ‘Anseong-jumul’ each uses volcanic soil and moulding sand respectively to make a mould. Both methods produce cast iron pots using iron mold melted with a traditional furnace. The summarized production process is as follows: material preparation→mould production→melting of iron→pouring iron mold→finishing work. The process is technically similar to shaping a mould using ‘dorae’ (an iron band) in terms of functions of the used tools and materials. However, there are some differences such as mould and furnace compositions and reutilization of a mould. Although the process of production of casting pot is partly done by machine unlike the past, it is still not so different from traditional crafting method. Therefore, understanding their work process will be helpful to understand pre-modern iron making methods.
While Bulmi-gongye and Anseong-jumul have been transmitting the clay and sand mould casting methods with thier distinctive ways, both are having difficulty in securing transmitters and expanding the cast iron pot market. It is necessary to investigate and record the status of the tradition of these people, and to worry about activation.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말 1
• Ⅱ. 무쇠솥의 기원과 시대적 변천 6
• 1. 솥의 개념 및 가치 6
• 1) 솥의 정의 6
• 2) 솥의 사회적경제적 가치 변화 13
• 2. 무쇠솥의 시대적 변천 16
• 1) 원삼국~삼국 17
• 2) 통일신라 20
• 3) 고려 21
• 4) 조선 23
• Ⅲ. 무쇠솥 주조기술과 제작체제 26
• 1. 주조기술의 개념과 종류 26
• 2. 무쇠솥 제작 체제 31
• Ⅳ. 무쇠솥 주조기술의 전승 45
• 1. 무쇠솥 주조기술의 전승 현황 45
• 1) 도토주조기술의 전승 현황 48
• 2) 주물사주조기술의 전승 현황 52
• 2. 무쇠솥 제작 과정 55
• 1) 재료 준비 57
• 2) 거푸집 제작 65
• 3) 쇠 녹이기 74
• 4) 쇳물 붓기 78
• 5) 마무리하기 80
• 3. 무쇠솥 주조기술의 공예사적 의의 82
• Ⅴ. 맺음말 93
• 부록 97
• 參考文獻 115
• 表 目 次 122
• 揷圖目錄 123
• ABSTRACT 126