군인 자살사고 예방에 관한 연구 = A study on the Prevention of Suicide in the Military Men

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Among the causes of death in the Korean society, the suicide rate in particular has been increasing rapidly year by year. In 2002, among the total number of death which amounted up to 245,317, the number of suicidal death was only 8,612 (5,940 male, 2,672 female), 3.5% of the total number of death. In 2007, however, 12,174 people committed suicide, rendering the suicidal death of 4.9% out of the total number of death, which recorded 244,874 that year. Such a rapidly increasing suicidal rate in five years, thus, has been unrivaled and ranked the first place among other OECD countries.
As such suicide issues have emerged as a serious social issue, the rapid increase in the suicide ratio of the adolescent has specifically rendered a great shock to our society. Though indirectly, such suicidal issues of the adolescent is affecting the military as well. There seems to be a tight mutual relationship between the factors of adolescent suicide and those of soldiers' suicide, as most adolescents become soldiers promptly during their early 20s and their life just before joining the army is the life as adolescents.
With a very strict and closed atmosphere contrasting to that of normal social organizations, the military organization not only restricts personal freedom, creativity, and characters; but also offers limited ways to resolve personal concerns or dissatisfactions. This kind of closed environment in the army always bears the possibility of causing soldiers to select suicide as a way to escape from the tough reality, to which these both mentally and socially immature adolescent soldiers tend not to adjust successfully and by which they become vulnerable.
Hence, If it is the case where adolescent soldiers fail either to adjust to the changed living environment or to endure the bullying, violent and insulting language, and physical violence from their superiors in the particular atmosphere of the army as mentioned above; and if it is also the case where the adolescents joined the army carrying certain kinds of personal family problems; they are likely to suffer and be frustrated. Moreover, they even show tendency to commit suicide in facing such hardship.
There is no consequential response to a suicide. How would one respond to a person who is dead already? The writer is well confident in the fact that the only solution to such suicide issues is prevention in advance.
Therefore this research has considered the army？s conspicuous suicide rate and taken its sample space from the soldiers of young age. It has analyzed the cause of suicidal incidents into two factors ？ internal and external factors.
The internal factors of the suicidal incidents are: depression that is caused by the stress that has arisen by the absurdity between soldiers, indolence of the army in identifying potential suicide, neglecting potential suicide caused by the insufficient education in preventing suicide, lacking the number of professional counselors so that it could not give an aid to suicide？s insufficient conversation techniques.
The external factors are: problems in suicide？s family, prejudices in society against suicide that led the trend to take life lightly, prejudices in youth against the army, and inadequacy in identifying the characteristics of people to be disqualified from service.
All commanders and officers of the army have responsibility of protecting lives of his/her subordinates. All officers including each leader of battalion, company, platoon and squad cannot be free from suicide of his/her subordinates, whatever the reason that made them to commit suicide. Undoubtedly, the most of commanders and officers are putting a lot of efforts and trying a variety of methods to prevent suicide of their subordinates. Nevertheless, we must bring questions to ourselves whether we have done our best to prevent suicide, as the commander and the officer of the army. If someone asks us ？Is it possible to prevent suicides in the army?？, then we should be able to say, ？Yes,？ with a firm grasp and faith in preventing the suicide and passion in loving our subordinates.
Reducing suicide in the army is a mandatory assignment in terms of the country and family, but carrying it out is not easy. It is because commander？s primary duty is to train subordinates and make them ready for action, which guarantees the victory in battle. However, we must do our best to prevent suicides, in order to prevent loss of trust from the nation, demoralization and casualties of the army. If all soldiers create the environment with scads of love and attention, then the suicide in the army shall decrease.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 연구의 목적 = 1
• 제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 = 4
• 1. 연구의 범위 = 4
• 2. 연구의 방법 = 5
• 제2장 연구의 이론적 배경 = 7
• 제1절 자살의 정의와 요인 = 7
• 1. 자살의 정의 = 7
• 2. 자살의 요인 = 8
• 제2절 자살에 관한 일반적 이론 = 11
• 1. 심리학적 자살이론 = 11
• 2. 실존주의적 자살이론 = 17
• 3. 생물학적 자살이론 = 18
• 4. 사회학적 자살이론 = 20
• 제3절 일반인 자살과 군인 자살의 특징 = 22
• 1. 일반인 자살의 특징 = 22
• 2. 군인 자살의 특징 = 24
• 3. 일반 자살과 군인 자살과의 비교 = 29
• 제3장 군인 자살사고의 실태 및 요인 = 34
• 제1절 군인 자살사고의 실태분석 = 34
• 1. 자살사고의 발생추세 = 34
• 2. 신분 / 계급별 자살사고 실태 = 35
• 3. 유형별 자살사고 실태 = 36
• 4. 원인별 자살사고 실태 = 38
• 제2절 군인 자살사고의 요인 = 39
• 1. 군 내부적인 요인 = 40
• 2. 군 외부적인 요인 = 50
• 제4장 군인 자살사고의 예방대책 = 57
• 제1절 군 내부적인 개선 = 57
• 1. 내무 부조리 개선 = 57
• 2. 적극적인 신상관리 및 유지 = 59
• 3. 자살사고 예방을 위한 체계적인 교육 = 62
• 4. 전문 상담관 제도 확대 시행 = 66
• 제2절 군 외부적인 개선 = 73
• 1. 외부 인관관계를 연계한 관리 = 73
• 2. 자살에 대한 이해와 노력 = 75
• 3. 병영체험을 통한 사전 군 경험 = 80
• 4. 철저한 징병 검사 = 82
• 제5장 결론 = 84
• 참고문헌 = 87
• ABSTRACT = 91