This study was conducted to indicate the problems of the existing uniform urban residential management system and to suggest an improvement plan and subdivided residential types of the current residential area by considering various development strate...
This study was conducted to indicate the problems of the existing uniform urban residential management system and to suggest an improvement plan and subdivided residential types of the current residential area by considering various development strategies so that the improvement, preservation and management of a residential environment can be achieved within the framework of the existing urban spatial composition with minimal disruption. The residential Zone I in Gangnam district of Seoul, which was constructed by the large-scale land redevelopment project, was selected for this study. The area has a relatively favorable living environment, and shows various characteristics depending on different land use types different location types?
For these purposes, the process and the method this study took can be summarized as follows:
In Chapter 1, the purpose, the background, and the scope as well as the process of this study are discussed. Especially, from a literature review, this study will take different approaches from previous studies.
In Chapter 2, from previous research and statistical data related to the formation of urban residential area, as well as from the construction guidelines for land redevelopment of the past, the background of urban formation in Korea and the characteristics of various development methods are investigated. In addition, a theoretical background for the urban spatial composition and density (legal or regulatory element) is established in this chapter so that a practical analysis of them can be conducted in Chapter 5.
In Chapter 3, urban planning-related systems used for developing, managing and maintaining cities are classified largely into domestic and overseas systems, and overall problems in operating urban planning in Korea are studied by comparing the residential management systems of advanced countries and the related systems of Korea.
In Chapter 4, basic data is presented by analyzing the current physical conditions of urban residential areas. In addition, in this chapter, a framework for a research method is suggested to analyze practical characteristics such as the spatial composition, density and value of each type of actual residential architecture.
In Chapter 5, a relationship between architectural types and densities of housing selected for this study, as well as the spatial composition and the value of urban housing are summarized, and an overall analysis of them is presented.
In Chapter 6, based on the analysis from Chapter 5, the influence of housing architectural types of each location, as well as of spatial composition, density, and value, on the changes in residential areas and types is investigated by focusing on the housing architectural types that show characteristics depending on the housing development. By reflecting such various types, the current types of residential areas are classified further, and an improvement plan is suggested. In addition, based on the suggested improvement plan, an actual block was selected to verify the applicability of the plan.
In Chapter 7, the conclusion of this study is presented. The following is a comprehensive summary of the results of this study:
First, a classification by each location type was found to be possible even within the same residential Zone 1. However, it turned out that, even if the types of residential areas are classified according to the existing area/zoning system, such a result was rather working as a primary cause for abnormal urban development and the related problems for not being able to consider a variety of physical urban tissue. Therefore, as in advanced countries, the policy operation, which is based on the flexible application of laws and the principles of architectural freedom and minimal government regulation, will present important implications for Korea.
Second, the changes in the spatial composition and densities of urban single detached housing areas are found to be a little different even if they were formed by the same construction guidelines at the same time period. As a result, the patterns of residential development was found to be a little different. Additionally, even within the same super block, the value of each block was found to be different depending on the direction of each block's arrangement, width-depth ratio, road, layer, and the influence of surrounding environment.
Third, according to an investigation on the interrelationship between urban spatial composition and density depending on the changes in residential architectural styles, the development of residential area was found to affect the elements of spatial composition the most, such as the scale of block, or the size of land, or the direction of block arrangement. In addition, in terms of density indicator, different density (legal regulatory element) was found to be applied depending on the changes in residential type. That is, depending on density fluctuation, the residential types were found to change accordingly.
Fourth, residential architectural types is changing to low-story luxury villa types by partially combining residential lots, multi-unit/multiplex housing types, and urban mixed-use housing. Accordingly, problems related to parking spaces, open space, residential density as a result of overcrowding were found to be partially decreased. However, in the case of multi-unit/multiplex housing types, as most buildings were built to the maximum limit permissible by law, the change of density also showed a rapid increase by time, resulting in lack of community space, daylight, air circulation, parking spaces, and seriously affecting the comfort and quality of living environment. In addition, the residential areas with a developmental form of mixed-use housing has already lost their role and meaning as a residential area, as they changed the usage of the area but still maintaining the framework of single detached housing.
Fifth, as improvement strategies for each land location, which reflect the changes in the spatial composition and density according to the residential architectural types of urban single detached housing, a suggestion is made to subdivide the current Residential Zone 1 into various areas, such as a favorable residential area, an area of needing residential environmental maintenance, a neighborhood-convenience facility cluster area, and a rail transit station area, for the development, maintenance, and management of the current residential Zone 1.
-. In the case of the residential area at Nonhyun-dong(A), by designating it as a relatively favorable residential area, it will be possible to develop the area into a composite residential architectural type (apartments and row houses combined) or townhouse type of terrace houses using steep slopes of the area.
-. The residential area at Yeoksam-dong(B) is the Residential Zone 1 which is classified as an area of needing maintenance and management. The blocks located above Chunghyeon Church have a rental residential type of multi-unit/multiplex housing in a favorable condition. For this residential area, block-type multiplex housing by combining residential lots within each land is recommended under a premise of the second future development in order to solve problems of acquiring a vacant land by adjusting density index and to resolve the most serious parking problem within the residential area.
-. The blocks below Chunghyeon Church has lost a meaning as a residential area due to mixed-use, so there should be in-depth planning for the property protection of residents and the improvement of urban landscape by changing an architectural type and adjusting a density index appropriate for the current residential area or by improving the current type. Therefore, this area should be managed by classifying it as a neighborhood-convenience facility cluster area, and a rail transit station area within the Residential Zone 1 in order to prohibit the occurrence of mixed-use within the residential area.
From he result of subdividing a residential area and applying an applicable residential architectural type to a block under consideration, an improvement of a residential environment was possible through a new residential type by continuously applying the characteristics of spatial composition and block-unit development method, and by changing to an existing urban residential area through actual development.
This study makes a significant contribution to exploring ways of preserving, developing, managing, or planning a sustainable residential area flexibly according to the demands for a change to be appropriate for the characteristics of a concerned residential area by subdividing the Residential Zone 1 variously, after considering the physical condition within the Residential Zone 1, the current socioeconomic condition, and a relation with surrounding areas.