The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the elderly's participation in church activities on mental health, especially depression. To understand the interrelationship between the elderly's participation in church activities and depression...
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the elderly's participation in church activities on mental health, especially depression. To understand the interrelationship between the elderly's participation in church activities and depression, this study investigated the differences of organized participation and non-organized participation in church activities.
The data were collected through face-to-face interviews among the elderly over 60 who was a member of the Protestant churches located in Seoul city and Gyeonggi Province. Using SPSS/WIN 12.0 program, the Frequency Analysis, T-test, ANOVA, Correlation Analysis, and Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis have been applied to a sample of 176 participants.
The main findings are as follows:
First, a pattern of the participation in church activities was different according to socio-demographic characteristics. The younger the elderly were, the higher the rate of organized participation in church activities was. The female elderly and the elderly living alone were more active participants in church activities. To the contrary, the rate of non-organized participation in church activities was significantly higher in those with higher education and income-earning activities, and in those living alone.
Second, the higher the rate of participation in either organized and non-organized church activities was, the lesser depression level was. In addition, the better the elderly's healthy status was, the lower the level of depression was. In terms of the socio-demographic characteristics, the age showed significantly negative correlation with the health level, while education background showed positive correlation with the health level.
Third, the results show that the elderly' participation in church activities affected depression significantly. Especially, it was found that the organized participation in church activities influenced on the elderly‘s depression more significantly than the non-organized one.
The implications of this study for practice are as follows:
First, considering the functions that the elderly‘s participation in church activities could be a way for coping with depression, local churches need to extend various social networks in the local community so that the elderly may use the resources and services. Social workers also need to become the bridges over the services such as the leisure programs, increased participation in church activities, and so on, via close relationship between the local churches and the elderly within the community.
Next, this study showed that the elderly's organized and non-organized participations in church activities could contribute to reducing depression. On the basis of the result, churches or the elderly-related organizations need to support the elderly who have lower level of education background, economic status and physical health status, in order to reduce or prevent depression.
Finally, the religious organizations such as church lack the staffs who are professionally involved in the social welfare. The community churches need to increase or take advantage of the elderly welfare professionals effectively in order to meet the elderly's increased needs and to reduce or prevent their depressions.