고려 태조～현종대 다원적 사상지형과 왕권 중심의 사상정책 = Pluralist Ideological Landscape and Royal Authority-centered Ideological Policies in Early Goryeo Period from King Taejo to King Hyunjong

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Concerning the ideological landscape of the early Goryeo period, the present paper aims to explore the formation of government’s ideological policies, focusing on the promulgation of Ten Injunctions by King Taejo, King Gwangjong’s implementation of the civil service examination, and Choi Seungro’s Twenty-Eight Proposals for Government Administration.
The late Silla society was ideologically plural, and all Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism coexisted. It was, then, imperative for the successive rulers of Goryeo dynasty (918-1392) to accommodate diverse social demands while seeking for unity. Therefore, King Taejo (Wang Geon, 918-943), who dethroned the theocratic monarch Gungye and founded Goryeo, suppressed the overgrowth of Buddhism by brining it under governmental control. He also advocated the state initiative in promoting the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, Fengshui Theory, and folk beliefs.
It was King Gwangjong(925～975) who institutionalized and systematized King Taejo’s plans. Gwangjong adopted the civil service examination from China for the first time and founded the national examination for Buddhist monks. During his reign, state authority ensured ideological plurality, firmly regulated both Confucianism and Buddhism, and prepared a series of policies for unity. Gwangjong’s policies were reconfirmed by Choi Seungro(927～989), a Confucian scholar-official during the reign of King Seongjong(960～997) in his Twenty-Eight Proposals for Government Administration. During the reign of King Hyunjong (992～1031), when two buddhist festivals, the Lantern Festival (Yeongdeunghoe) and Festival of Eight Vows(Palgwanhoe), which has been abolished by King Seongjong, revived and were ritualized, King Seongjong’s pro-Confucianist approaches were averted and different ideologies were institutionally mediated.
It can be said that state power consistently took the lead in maintaining the ideological plurality and the unity that were proclaimed during King Taejo’s era. This centrality of state power, or royal authority, was the key feature of Goryeo’s ideological landscape in which balance, pluralistic coexistence, and unity vis-a-vis diverse social demands were sustained.

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