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Park, Se-Yeon,Yoo, Won-Gyu Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology 2011 Journal of Physiological Anthropology Vol.30 No.4
<P>The prevalence and incidence of musculoskeletal disorders is high with computer workers, and poor sitting posture can be considered a factor contributing to low back discomfort. In the clinical literature, maintaining a neutral spinal curvature has been considered an optimal sitting posture. This study investigated the flexion and lateral flexion of trunk movements and trunk muscle activity during computer work with and without a posture-sensing air seat device (PSASD). By sensing a certain amount of increased pressure over the baseline, posture-related visual feedback was given to participants through the PSASD. Eleven regular computer workers participated in this study. PSASD had the function of alerting the subject to their poor posture by using visual feedback. Subjects performed 20 min of computer work with and without a PSASD. Surface electromyography was used to measure the activity of the erector spine and internal abdominal oblique. Kinematic data were obtained using an electrogoniometer. The results showed that the mean of trunk flexion and lateral flexion was significantly reduced with PSASD. The activity of the erector spine and internal oblique was significantly higher with the PSASD than without. Our findings indicated that the PSASD helps to prevent habitual poor posture by maintaining an erect sitting posture during prolonged computer work.</P>
Lee, Joo-Young,Kim, Myung-Ju,Choi, Jeong-Wha,Stone, Eric A.,Hauver, Richard A. Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology 2008 Journal of Physiological Anthropology Vol.27 No.6
The present study was to investigate whether increasing thermal insulation affects thermal sensation in the hands and feet; and whether aging is an influential factor in the relationship between thermal responses and subjective thermal perceptions. Six young males (YM), 5 young females (YF), 6 elderly males (OM), and 6 elderly females (OF) volunteered as subjects. Subjects conducted two trials at a constant air temperature of 19°C: One condition included thermal underwear (19CUW) while the other did not (19C). The results showed that (1) rectal temperature (T<SUB>re</SUB>) did not show any significant differences between conditions with and without thermal underwear. The Tre of the OF was greater than that of the YF (p<0.05) for the 19C condition, while the young and elderly male groups showed similar values. (2) The hand and foot skin temperatures (T<SUB>hand</SUB>, T<SUB>foot</SUB>) were greater in the OF than in the YF group for the 19C condition (p<0.001). (3) For overall thermal sensation, the OF group was less sensitive to differences between the 19CUW and 19C condition, when compared with the old male and young groups. (4) For thermal sensation in the hands and feet, the elderly groups were less sensitive than the YF. In particular, all elderly females felt the hands were thermally neutral, even in the 19C condition. (5) Hand thermal sensation for the OF group appeared to be irrelevant to T<SUB>hand</SUB>. (6) Thermal preference of the elderly groups did not change significantly after adding thermal underwear compared to the young group. In conclusion, wearing thermal underwear in mild cold did not affect local skin temperatures and thermal sensation in the hands and feet for the elderly male and female groups. Adding thermal underwear in mild cold affected the hand skin temperature and thermal sensation of the young female group. In particular, elderly females had specific features concerning local skin temperatures and thermal sensations distinguished from elderly males and young groups.
Kim, Sun Kwang,Moon, Hak Jin,Na, Hyo Suk,Kim, Kye Jin,Kim, Ji Hoon,Park, Jung Hyuk,Lee, Sang Hoon,Rhim, Sung Soo,Lee, Soon-Geul,Min, Byung-Il The Physiological Society of Japan 2006 JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.56 No.3
<P>The technique of rotating acupuncture needles has long been used to enhance the effects of acupuncture in Oriental medicine. However, it is difficult to standardize and quantify this stimulation condition. Thus we developed an automatically controlled rotating acupuncture (ACRA) system. The present study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic effects of ACRA using 4 different stimulation conditions (i.e., angle and frequency of rotation: 90° + 1 Hz, 90° + 1/4 Hz, 360° + 1 Hz, and 360° + 1/4 Hz) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Tail-flick latency to a noxious radiant heat stimulus in lightly anesthetized rats was measured before and after 15 min of ACRA stimulation at the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint. ACRA stimulations under all of the conditions above produced more potent analgesic effects than plain acupuncture (PA, acupuncture needle insertion only), but only the 90° + 1/4 Hz ACRA condition showed a statistically significant effect versus PA (<I>P</I> < 0.01). Further, the analgesic effect of 90° + 1/4 Hz ACRA was reversed by pretreatment with naloxone (2 mg/kg, i.p.). These results indicate that the 90° + 1/4 Hz ACRA stimulation has the most potent analgesic effect in rats and that this is mediated by the endogenous opioid system.</P>
Acupuncture at GV01 Relieves Somatic Pain Referred by Colitis in Rats
Kim, Hee-Young,Hahm, Dae-Hyun,Chae, Younbyoung,An, Kyungeh,Pyun, Kwang-Ho,Lee, Hyejung,Shim, Insop The Physiological Society of Japan 2007 JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.57 No.4
<P>The present study aimed to expand our previous findings regarding the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of acupuncture at GV01 in colitis. Our results showed that acupuncture at GV01 has antinociceptive effects on referred somatic pain induced by experimental colitis, and that endogenous opioid pathways may mediate these effects.</P>
Acupuncture Inhibits Kainic Acid–Induced Hippocampal Cell Death in Mice
Kim, Seung-Tae,Jeon, Songhee,Park, Hae Jeong,Hong, Mee-Sook,Jeong, Wu Byung,Kim, Jang-Hyun,Kim, Yeonjung,Lee, Hye-Jung,Park, Hi-Joon,Chung, Joo-Ho The Physiological Society of Japan 2008 JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.58 No.1
<P>We examined whether acupuncture can reduce both the incidence of seizures and hippocampal cell death using a mouse model of kainic acid (KA)–induced epilepsy. ICR mice were given acupuncture once a day at acupoint HT8 (sobu) bilaterally during 2 days before KA injection. After an intracerebroventricular injection of 0.1 μg of KA, acupuncture treatment was subsequently administered once more (total 3 times), and the degree of seizure was observed for 20 min. Three hours after injection, the survival of neuronal cells and the expressions of c-Fos, c-Jun, and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)-67 in the CA1 and CA3 were determined using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting techniques. Acupuncture reduced the severity of the KA-induced epileptic seizure and the rate of neural cell death, and it also decreased the expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun induced by KA in the hippocampus. Furthermore, acupuncture increased GAD-67 expressions in the same areas. These results demonstrated that it could inhibit the KA-induced epileptic seizure and hippocampal cell death by increasing GAD-67 expressions.</P>
Skin on GV01 Acupoint in Colonic Inflammatory States: Tenderness and Neurogenic Inflammation
Kim, Hee-Young,Hahm, Dae-Hyun,Sohn, Boo-Yong,Choi, Youngjin,Pyun, Kwang-Ho,Lee, Hye-Jung,Shim, Insop The Physiological Society of Japan 2006 JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.56 No.4
<P>GV01 is one of the most effective acupoints to treat diarrhea in humans and animals. The present study showed that skin on the GV01 acupoint reveals tenderness and neurogenic inflammation in colonic inflammatory states, but not in normal healthy states.</P>
Shim, Eun Bo,Amano, Akira,Takahata, Takayuki,Shimayoshi, Takao,Noma, Akinori The Physiological Society of Japan 2007 JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.57 No.5
<P>The force-velocity (F-V) relationship of filament sliding is traditionally used to define the inotropic condition of striated muscles. A simple circulation model combined with the Laplace heart was developed to get a deeper insight into the relationship between the F-V characteristics and the cardiac ventricular inotropy. The circulation model consists of a preload and an afterload compartments. The linear F-V relationship for filament sliding in the NL model (Negroni and Lascano 1996) was replaced by the exponential F-V relation observed by Piazzesi <I>et al.</I> (2002). We also modified the NL model to a hybrid model to benefit from the Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> cooperativity described by the Robinson model (Robinson <I>et al.</I> 2002). The model was validated by determining the diastolic ventricular pressure-volume relationship of the Laplace heart and the F-V relation of the new hybrid model. The computed parameters of the cardiac cycle agreed well with the physiological data. Computational results showed that the cross-bridge elongation (<I>h</I> in the NL model) temporally undershot the equilibrium <I>h</I><SUB>c</SUB> during the ejection period and overshot it during the rapid refilling phase. Thereby the time course of ejection and refilling was retarded. In a simulation where the velocity of the mobile myosin head (d<I>X</I>/d<I>t</I>) was varied, the systolic peak pressure of the ventricle varied from a minimum value at d<I>X</I>/d<I>t</I> = 0 to a saturating value obtained with a constant <I>h</I><SUB>c</SUB>, providing <I>in silico</I> evidence for a functional impact of the cross-bridge sliding rate on the ventricular inotropy.</P>
Kim, Ha Neul,Park, Jung Hyuk,Kim, Sun Kwang,Sun, Boram,Koo, Sungtae,Choi, Sun Mi,Bae, Hyunsu,Min, Byung-Il The Physiological Society of Japan 2008 JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.58 No.5
<P>This study was performed to examine whether electroacupuncture potentiates the neostigmine-induced antiallodynia in neuropathic pain rats. Although intrathecal neostigmine (0.05, 0.1, and 0.3 μg) dose-dependently relieved cold allodynia, 0.3 μg neostigmine caused side effects. The coapplication of 0.1 μg neostigmine and electroacupuncture, however, produced potent antiallodynia, which was parallel to the effect of 0.3 μg neostigmine, without side effects. These results indicate that electroacupuncture can enhance the antiallodynic action of intrathecal neostigmine.</P>