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A Simple Estimator of Error Correlation in Non-parametric Regression Models
PARK, BYEONG U.,LEE, YOUNG KYUNG,KIM, TAE YOON,PARK, CHEOLYONG Almqvist & Wiksell Periodical Co 2006 Scandinavian journal of statistics, theory and app Vol.33 No.3
<P>Abstract. </P><P>It is well known that major strength of non-parametric regression function estimation breaks down when correlated errors exist in the data. Positively (negatively) correlated errors tend to produce undersmoothing (oversmoothing). Several remedies have been proposed in the context of bandwidth selection problem, but they are hard to implement without prior knowledge of error correlations. In this paper we propose a simple estimator of error correlation which is ready to implement and reports a reasonably good performance.</P>
Kim, Jea-Wook,Lee, Jae-Wook,Won, Young Ho,Kim, Jin Hyeok,Lee, Seung-Chul Almqvist & Wiksell Periodical Co 2006 Acta dermato-venereologica Vol.86 No.2
<P>A blue tattoo is more resistant to laser therapy than black or brown tattoos. This study aimed to confirm titanium as a key response-disturbing constituent in a blue tattoo ink after Nd-YAG (1064 nm) laser treatment by animal experiments. Rabbits' backs were tattooed with four ink colours, and the Nd-YAG (1064 nm) laser was used to remove the tattoos. The response to the laser treatment in the rabbits was evaluated and electron microscopic studies were also performed. Excellent to fair responses were observed for the black, brown and dark brown inks, but the blue ink responded poorly to the laser. Histological examination indicated that the blue pigments were unchanged even after the laser treatment. Quantitative energy dispersive spectrometry revealed that blue ink contained high amounts of titanium. Our animal experiments confirm that a blue tattoo ink containing titanium, is a key element in poor response to the Nd-YAG laser.</P>
The clinical role of IL-23p19 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Kim, H. -R.,Kim, H. -S.,Park, M. -K.,Cho, M. -L.,Lee, S. -H.,Kim, H. -Y. Almqvist & Wiksell Periodical Co 2007 Scandinavian journal of rheumatology Vol.36 No.4
<P> Objective: To determine the clinical implications of the over-expression of synovial and circulating interleukin (IL)-23p19 and the correlation between IL-23p19 and other cytokines such as IL-17, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α, and IL-1&bgr; in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Synovial fluid (SF) and sera of 22 patients with RA were obtained during knee arthrocentesis and stored at -20°C. Tender/swollen joint counts, 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), and antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP Ab) were measured. Bony erosions were determined by X-rays. Serum and SF IL-23p19, IL-17, TNFα, and IL-1&bgr; concentrations were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The concentration of IL-23p19 correlated with the concentration of IL-17 in SF and sera, and with the concentrations of TNFα and IL-1&bgr; in sera. SF IL-23p19 concentration was higher in patients who had bony erosions than those who had not. However, there was no correlation between IL-23p19 concentrations and other clinical parameters of RA. Conclusion: Upregulated IL-23p19 in SF might be involved in joint destruction in RA through interplay with other cytokines such as IL-17, TNFα, and IL-1&bgr;.</P>
Lee, S-S,Park, Y-W,Park, J J,Kang, Y M,Nam, E J,Kim, S I,Lee, J H,Yoo, W-H,Lee, S-I Almqvist Wiksell Periodical Co 2009 Scandinavian journal of rheumatology Vol.38 No.1
<P>OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of the combination of leflunomide and methotrexate for the treatment of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in an open, non-comparative, multicentre trial. METHODS: Seventy-four patients with active RA were enrolled to receive concomitantly leflunomide (no loading dose, 10 mg/day) and methotrexate (starting at 7.5 mg/week and titrating up to 15 mg/week) for 20 weeks. The primary end-point was a 20% improvement in the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria at 20 weeks. Safety measures included evaluation of adverse events at each visit and laboratory data, including haematology and liver function tests. Intention-to-treat analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Sixty-five patients completed 20 weeks of treatment, and 71.6% were responders based on the ACR20 criteria. After 20 weeks, the mean changes were -16.3 for tender joint count, -12.0 for swollen joint count, -44.0 for physician global assessment, -34.3 for patient global assessment, -22.7 for erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and -0.65 for the Health Assessment Questionnaire score. Adverse events occurred in 40.5% of the patients, and were considered serious in four patients who discontinued therapy. Abnormal liver function was noted for 16 patients (21.6%). Two of these patients were withdrawn from the study; after discontinuing the medication, their liver function recovered fully. CONCLUSION: THE combination of leflunomide and methotrexate was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of active RA patients. This combination may be a useful option as an initial treatment for active RA before starting biological agents.</P>
Yang, Yoon Seok,Cho, Soo Ick,Choi, Min Gyu,Choi, Young Hee,Kwak, In Suk,Park, Chun Wook,Kim, Hye One Almqvist & Wiksell Periodical Co 2015 Acta dermato-venereologica Vol.95 No.1
<P>Post-burn pruritus is a common distressing consequence of burn wounds. Empirical treatment often fails to have a satisfactory outcome on post-burn pruritus, as the mechanism of post-burn pruritus has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the manifestation of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in post-burn pruritus. Fifty-one burn patients with (n=33) or without (n=18) pruritus were investigated, including skin biopsies. Not unexpectedly, the scarred body area was larger in the former group. In immunohistochemistry, TPRV3 was significantly elevated in the epidermis of burn scars with pruritus. Furthermore, real time- PCR showed that mRNA of TRPA1 and TRPV4 was increased in itching burn scars. Staining for substance P and CGRP did not differ between the 2 grouped, but the former neuropeptide was increased in burn scars. These results may help determine a specific therapeutic approach for post-burn pruritus.</P>
EBV-associated haemophagocytic syndrome in a patient with Behçet's disease.
Lee, S-H,Kim, S-D,Kim, S-H,Kim, H-R,Oh, E-J,Yoon, C-H,Lee, S-H,Kim, H-Y,Park, S-H Almqvist Wiksell Periodical Co 2005 Scandinavian journal of rheumatology Vol.34 No.4
<P>We present a case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated haemophagocytic syndrome in a patient with Behçet's disease. A 43-year-old man, who had been receiving treatment under the diagnosis of Behçet's disease for recurrent oral ulcers, genital ulcer, ileal ulcer, and arthritis, had been admitted for fever, headache, and nausea developed 3 days ago. Laboratory data showed pancytopaenia, an increase in liver enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ferritin. Haemophagocytic syndrome was diagnosed from histiocytosis and haemophagocytosis by macrophages, shown in the bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, and in situ hybridization for EBV showed a positive finding. The patient recovered rapidly after steroid therapy. This is the first report of EBV-associated haemophagocytic syndrome developed in a patient with Behçet's disease.</P>