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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 발행기관 : 日本育種學會 (검색결과 3 건)
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Metabolic engineering of carotenoids in transgenic sweetpotato
Kang, Le,Park, Sung-Chul,Ji, Chang Yoon,Kim, Ho Soo,Lee, Haeng-Soon,Kwak, Sang-Soo 日本育種學會 2017 Breeding science Vol. No.
<P>Sweetpotato [<I>Ipomoea batatas</I> (L.) Lam], which contains high levels of antioxidants such as ascorbate and carotenoids in its storage root, is one of the healthiest foods, as well as one of the best starch crops for growth on marginal lands. In plants, carotenoid pigments are involved in light harvesting for photosynthesis and are also essential for photo-protection against excess light. As dietary antioxidants in humans, these compounds benefit health by alleviating aging-related diseases. The storage root of sweetpotato is a good source of both carotenoids and carbohydrates for human consumption. Therefore, metabolic engineering of sweetpotato to increase the content of useful carotenoids represents an important agricultural goal. This effort has been facilitated by cloning of most of the carotenoid biosynthetic genes, as well as the <I>Orange</I> gene involved in carotenoid accumulation. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the regulation of biosynthesis, accumulation and catabolism of carotenoids in sweetpotato. A deeper understanding of these topics should contribute to development of new sweetpotato cultivars with higher levels of nutritional carotenoids and abiotic stress tolerance.</P>
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Lee, Mi So,Jang, Cheol Seong,Lee, Sung Shin,Kim, Jae Yoon,Lee, Byoung Moo,Seong, Rak Chun,Seo, Yong Weon 日本育種學會 2006 Breeding science Vol. No.
<P>In order to isolate grain-specific genes during kernel development, two differential screening methods—suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and differential hybridization (DH)—were applied. Two cDNAs encoding hordoindolines known to be related to grain hardness were isolated and designated as <I>Hordeum vulgare</I> indoline a and b (<I>HvIDa</I> and <I>HvIDb</I>). The cDNAs encoding <I>HvIDa</I> and <I>HvIDb</I> contained a 450 bp and a 444 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encoded the putative hordoindoline-a and -b precursors consisting of 150 and 148 amino acids, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences of both <I>HvIDa</I> and <I>HvIDb</I> contained one tryptophan-rich domain and ten highly conserved cysteine residues. The expression of the <I>HvIDa </I>gene was high at 5 DAF, reached a peak at 8 DAF and decreased slightly until 20 DAF, while the expression of <I>HvIDb</I> began to be detectable at 8 DAF when it was higher than that of other developmental stages and decreased slightly until 20 DAF. The <I>HvIDa</I> and <I>HvIDb</I> genes were predominantly detected in the aleurone cell layers in the late part of kernel development, e.g. at 20 DAF. These findings may provide clues to the molecular mechanisms of kernel development and contribute to the determination of the grain texture in barley.</P>
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Shim, Junghyun,Torollo, Gideon,Angeles-Shim, Rosalyn B.,Cabunagan, Rogelio C.,Choi, Il-Ryong,Yeo, Un-Sang,Ha, Woon-Goo 日本育種學會 2015 Breeding science Vol. No.
<P>Rice tungro disease (RTD) is one of the destructive and prevalent diseases in the tropical region. RTD is caused by <I>Rice tungro spherical virus</I> (RTSV) and <I>Rice tungro bacilliform virus</I>. Cultivation of japonica rice (<I>Oryza sativa</I> L. ssp <I>japonica</I>) in tropical Asia has often been restricted because most japonica cultivars are sensitive to short photoperiod, which is characteristic of tropical conditions. Japonica1, a rice variety bred for tropical conditions, is photoperiod-insensitive, has a high yield potential, but is susceptible to RTD and has poor grain quality. To transfer RTD resistance into Japonica1, we made two backcrosses (BC) and 8 three-way crosses (3-WC) among Japonica1 and RTSV-resistant cultivars. Among 8,876 BC<SUB>1</SUB>F<SUB>2</SUB> and 3-WCF<SUB>2</SUB> plants, 342 were selected for photoperiod-insensitivity and good grain quality. Photoperiod-insensitive progenies were evaluated for RTSV resistance by a bioassay and marker-assisted selection (MAS), and 22 BC<SUB>1</SUB>F<SUB>7</SUB> and 3-WCF<SUB>7</SUB> lines were selected based on the results of an observational yield trial. The results demonstrated that conventional selection for photoperiod-insensitivity and MAS for RTSV resistance can greatly facilitate the development of japonica rice that is suitable for cultivation in tropical Asia.</P>
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