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Youngho Seo,Sewon Kim,Seungchul Choi,Byeongchan Jeong,Yeong-Sang Jung 한국토양비료학회 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.1
Organic farming has rapidly increased in Gangwon province, but there is a concern about nutrient accumulation and nutrient imbalance in the soil of organic farming. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of continuous application of organic amendments on growth and yield of red pepper and soil characteristics compared with chemical fertilizers application for four years. Treatments of organic amendments including oil cake, rice straw compost, amino acid compost, rice bran compost, and mushroom media (spent substrate) compost resulted in comparable growth and yield of pepper to chemical fertilizers. Organic amendments improved soil physical and chemical characteristics. Especially, rice bran compost and oil cake significantly increased soil organic matter compared with chemical fertilizer application and mushroom media compost and rice straw compost significantly improved soil aggregate stability. On the other hand, available phosphate level in the soil amended with rice bran compost or mushroom media compost was relatively high compared with the other treatments due to relatively high phosphate levels in the composts. It is not easy to adjust nutrient composition in the organic materials. Therefore, the results obtained from the study imply that nutrient imbalance needs to be carefully considered in organic farming without use of chemical fertilizers.
Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Red Pepper, Chinese Cabbage, and Potato Fields in Gangwon-do, Korea
Youngho Seo,Gunyeob Kim,Kijin Park,Kyunghi Kim,Yeong-Sang Jung 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.6
The level of nitrous oxide (N₂O), a long-lived greenhouse gas, in atmosphere has increased mainly due to anthropogenic source, especially application of nitrogen fertilizers. Quantifying N₂O emission from agricultural field is essential to develop national inventories of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission. The objective of the study was to develop emission factor to estimate direct N₂O emission from agricultural field in Gangwon-do, Korea by measuring N₂O emissions from potato (Solanum tuberosum), red pepper (Capsicum annum L.), and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) cultivation lands from 2009 to 2012. Accumulated N₂O emission was 1.48±0.25 kg N2O-N ha<SUP>-1</SUP> for red pepper, 1.27±0.27 kg N₂O-N ha<SUP>-1</SUP> for potato, 1.49±0.06 kg N₂O-N ha<SUP>-1</SUP> for Chinese cabbage cultivated in spring, and 1.14±0.22 kg N₂O-N ha<SUP>-1</SUP> for fall Chinese cabbage. Emission factor of N₂O calculated from accumulated N₂O emission, nitrogen fertilization rate, and background N₂O emission was 0.0051±0.0016 kg N₂O-N kg<SUP>-1</SUP> N for cropland in Gangwon province. More extensive study is deserved to be conducted to develop N₂O emission factor for upland crops in Korea through examining the emission factors from various regions and crops because N₂O emission is influenced by many factors including climate characteristics, soil properties, and agricultural practices.
Nitrous Oxide Emission from Livestock Compost applied Arable Land in Gangwon-do
Youngho Seo,Sewon Kim,Seungchul Choi,Byeongchan Jeong,Yeong-Sang Jung 한국토양비료학회 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.1
Agriculture activities account for 58% of total anthropogenic emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) with global warming potential of 298 times as compared to carbon dioxide (CO2) on molecule to molecule basis. Quantifying N2O from managed soil is essential to develop national inventories of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The objective of the study was to compare N2O emission from livestock compost applied arable land with that for fertilizer treatment. The study was conducted for two years by cultivating Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) in Chuncheon, Gangwon-do. Accumulated N2O emission during cultivation of Chinese cabbage after applying livestock compost was slightly greater than that for chemical fertilizer. Slightly greater N2O emission factor for livestock compost was observed than that for chemical fertilizer possibly due to lump application of livestock compost before crop cultivation compared with split application of chemical fertilizers and enhanced denitrification activity through increased carbon availability by organic matter in livestock compost.