Financial Reforms in Mexico : Looking for the Causes of a Failure

MARCHINI, GENEVIE`VE 이화여자대학교 국제통상협력연구소 2003 Jounal of APEC Studies Vol.5 No.1

A summertime near-ground velocity profile of the Bora wind

Petra Lepri,Hrvoje Kozmar,Željko Večenaj,Branko Grisogono 한국풍공학회 2014 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.19 No.5

While effects of the atmospheric boundary layer flow on engineering infrastructure are more or less known, some local transient winds create difficulties for structures, traffic and human activities. Hence, further research is required to fully elucidate flow characteristics of some of those very unique local winds. In this study, important characteristics of observed vertical velocity profiles along the main wind direction for the gusty Bora wind blowing along the eastern Adriatic coast are presented. Commonly used empirical power-law and the logarithmic-law profiles are compared against unique 3-level high-frequency Bora measurements. The experimental data agree well with the power-law and logarithmic-law approximations. An interesting feature observed is a decrease in the power-law exponent and aerodynamic surface roughness length, and an increase in friction velocity with increasing Bora wind velocity. This indicates an urban-like velocity profile for smaller wind velocities and rural-like velocity profile for larger wind velocities, which is due to a stronger increase in absolute velocity at each of the heights observed as compared to the respective velocity gradient (difference in average velocity among two different heights). The trends observed are similar during both the day and night. The thermal stratification is near neutral due to a strong mechanical mixing. The differences in aerodynamic surface roughness length are negligible for different time averaging periods when using the median. For the friction velocity, the arithmetic mean proved to be independent of the time record length, while for the power-law exponent both the arithmetic mean and the median are not influenced by the time averaging period. Another issue is a large difference in aerodynamic surface roughness length when calculating using the arithmetic mean and the median. This indicates that the more robust median is a more suitable parameter to determine the aerodynamic surface roughness length than the arithmetic mean value. Variations in velocity profiles at the same site during different wind periods are interesting because, in the engineering community, it has been commonly accepted that the aerodynamic characteristics at a particular site remain the same during various wind regimes.

Monetary Integration Effects on Foreign Direct Investments in New EU Member States

Ismar Velić,g or C večić 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2024 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.39 No.1

This study examines the impact of accession to the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in the 11 New Member States (NMS), during the period 2005-2018. Using panel regression analysis and the gravity model, the influence of macroeconomic indicators on FDI outflows from 21 industrialised countries (including EU and non-European counties, such as Japan and USA) to the NMS is assessed. The empirical results suggest that favourable macroeconomic indicators in the NMS, such as a stable exchange rate, lower inflation, long-term interest rates and EU/EMU membership, are positively correlated with FDI inflows from NMS. Conversely, rising inflation and exchange rate volatility in the NMS are negatively associated with FDI inflows, while inflation in the FDI origin countries is positively correlated with investment in the NMS. The results suggest that joining the EMU has a statistically significant and positive relationship on FDI inflows to the NMS.

Somatic cell score: gene polymorphisms and other effects in Holstein and Simmental cows

Čítek Jindřich,Brzáková Michaela,Hanusová Lenka,Hanuš Oto,Večerek Libor,Samková Eva,Jozová Eva,Hoštičková Irena,Trávníček Jan,Klojda Martin,Hasoňová Lucie 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.1

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of gene polymorphisms and nongenetic factors on the somatic cell score (SCS) in the milk of Holstein (n = 148) and Simmental (n = 73) cows and their crosses (n = 6). Methods: The SCS was calculated by the formula SCS = log2(SCC/100,000)+3, where SCC is the somatic cell count. Polymorphisms in the casein alpha S1 (CSN1S1), beta-casein (CSN2), kappa-casein (CSN3), beta-lactoglobulin (LGB), acyl-CoA diacylglycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1), leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6 (AGPAT6) genes were genotyped, and association analysis to the SCS in the cow’s milk was performed. Further, the impact of breed, farm, year, month of the year, lactation stage and parity on the SCS were analysed. Phenotype correlations among SCS and milk constituents were computed by Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Only CSN2 genotypes A1/A2 were found to have significant association with the SCS (p<0.05), and alleles of CSN1S1 and DGAT1 genes (p<0.05). Other polymorphisms were not found to be significant. SCS had significant association with the combined effect of farm and year, lactation stage and month of the year. Lactation parity and breed had not significant association with SCS. The phenotypic correlation of SCS to lactose content was negative and significant, while the correlation to protein content was positive and significant. The correlations of SCS to fat, casein, nonfat solids, urea, citric acid, acetone and ketones contents were very low and not significant. Conclusion: Only CSN2 genotypes, CSN1S1 and DGAT1 alleles did show an obvious association to the SCS. The results confirmed the importance of general quality management of farms on the microbial milk quality, and effects of lactation stage and month of the year. The lactose content in milk reflects the health status of the udder. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of gene polymorphisms and nongenetic factors on the somatic cell score (SCS) in the milk of Holstein (n = 148) and Simmental (n = 73) cows and their crosses (n = 6).Methods: The SCS was calculated by the formula SCS = log2(SCC/100,000)+3, where SCC is the somatic cell count. Polymorphisms in the casein alpha S1 (CSN1S1), beta-casein (CSN2), kappa-casein (CSN3), beta-lactoglobulin (LGB), acyl-CoA diacylglycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1), leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6 (AGPAT6) genes were genotyped, and association analysis to the SCS in the cow’s milk was performed. Further, the impact of breed, farm, year, month of the year, lactation stage and parity on the SCS were analysed. Phenotype correlations among SCS and milk constituents were computed by Pearson correlation coefficients.Results: Only CSN2 genotypes A1/A2 were found to have significant association with the SCS (p<0.05), and alleles of CSN1S1 and DGAT1 genes (p<0.05). Other polymorphisms were not found to be significant. SCS had significant association with the combined effect of farm and year, lactation stage and month of the year. Lactation parity and breed had not significant association with SCS. The phenotypic correlation of SCS to lactose content was negative and significant, while the correlation to protein content was positive and significant. The correlations of SCS to fat, casein, nonfat solids, urea, citric acid, acetone and ketones contents were very low and not significant.Conclusion: Only CSN2 genotypes, CSN1S1 and DGAT1 alleles did show an obvious association to the SCS. The results confirmed the importance of general quality management of farms on the microbial milk quality, and effects of lactation stage and month of the year. The lactose content in milk reflects the health status of the udder.

The effect of extended lactation on parameters of Wood’s model of lactation curve in dairy Simmental cows

Kopec Tomáš,Chládek Gustav,Falta Daniel,Kučera Josef,Večeřa Milan,Hanuš Oto 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.6

Objective: This study was focused on the estimation of parameters of Wood’s model and description of the lactation curve using the cows which were lactated over 24 months on the first lactation. Methods: The database included 1,333 pure-bred dairy Simmental primiparous cows which lactated for 24 months (732 days). The initial dataset entering the procedure of assessment of parameters of Wood’s function included 35,826 milk yield records. Milk yield was recorded throughout lactation, with the earliest record taken on day 6 and the latest on day 1,348 of lactation. This dataset was used for the assessment of parameters a, b, c of Wood’s model using the non-linear statistical procedure. These parameters were estimated for different length of lactation. The assessed parameters were used for calculation of some characteristics of lactation curves. Results: The lowest value of a parameter (15.2317) of Wood’s model of lactation curve was found out in lactations up to 305 days long, contrary to b and c parameters which were highest in those lactations (0.1029 and 0.0015, respectively). The maximum value of a parameter (17.4329) was found out in lactations up to 640 days long, unlike b and c parameters which were minimal in those lactations (0.0603 and 0.0010, respectively). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the parameters of Wood’s model and the shape of lactation curve are changing with the growing number of milk yield records. Also, the assessed parameters revealed a significant milk production potential after 305 days of lactation. Objective: This study was focused on the estimation of parameters of Wood’s model and description of the lactation curve using the cows which were lactated over 24 months on the first lactation.Methods: The database included 1,333 pure-bred dairy Simmental primiparous cows which lactated for 24 months (732 days). The initial dataset entering the procedure of assessment of parameters of Wood’s function included 35,826 milk yield records. Milk yield was recorded throughout lactation, with the earliest record taken on day 6 and the latest on day 1,348 of lactation. This dataset was used for the assessment of parameters <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>c</i> of Wood’s model using the non-linear statistical procedure. These parameters were estimated for different length of lactation. The assessed parameters were used for calculation of some characteristics of lactation curves.Results: The lowest value of a parameter (15.2317) of Wood’s model of lactation curve was found out in lactations up to 305 days long, contrary to <i>b</i> and <i>c</i> parameters which were highest in those lactations (0.1029 and 0.0015, respectively). The maximum value of <i>a</i> parameter (17.4329) was found out in lactations up to 640 days long, unlike <i>b</i> and <i>c</i> parameters which were minimal in those lactations (0.0603 and 0.0010, respectively).Conclusion: It can be concluded that the parameters of Wood’s model and the shape of lactation curve are changing with the growing number of milk yield records. Also, the assessed parameters revealed a significant milk production potential after 305 days of lactation.

Caenimonas aquaedulcis sp. nov., Isolated from Freshwater of Daechung Reservoir during Microcystis Bloom

( Ve Van Le ),( So-ra Ko ),( Sang-ah Lee ),( Mingyeong Kang ),( Hee-mock Oh ),( Chi-yong Ahn ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.5

A Gram-stain-negative, white-coloured, and rod-shaped bacterium, strain DR4-4^T, was isolated from Daechung Reservoir, Republic of Korea, during Microcystis bloom. Strain DR4-4^T was most closely related to Caenimonas terrae SGM1-15^T and Caenimonas koreensis EMB320^T with 98.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain DR4-4^T and closely related type strains were below 79.46% and 22.30%, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content was 67.5%. The major cellular fatty acids (≥10% of the total) were identified as C_16:0, cyclo C_17:0, summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/or C_16:1ω6c), and summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c). Strain DR4-4^T possessed phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol as the main polar lipids and Q-8 as the respiratory quinone. The polyamine profile was composed of putrescine, cadaverine, and spermidine. The results of polyphasic characterization indicated that the isolated strain DR4-4^T represents a novel species within the genus Caenimonas, for which the name Caenimonas aquaedulcis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DR4-4^T (=KCTC 82470^T =JCM 34453^T).

Novosphingobium aquimarina sp. nov., isolated from seawater

Ve Van Le,So-Ra Ko,Sang-Ah Lee,Long Jin,Chi-Yong Ahn,Hee-Mock Oh 한국환경생물학회 2020 한국환경생물학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.07

Short-Term Hydrothermal Scheduling Based on Lagrange Function and Determining Initial Hydrothermal Generations

Ve Song Vo,Cuong Duc Minh Nguyen,Tam Thanh Dao 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.3

The paper presents an effective method based on the Lagrange multiplier theory to solve optimal scheduling of hydrothermal power system. Optimal scheduling of hydrothermal power systems is a great important problem to electric utility systems, the main objective of the problem is to determine the generation for each plant during scheduling period of time such that the total system generation cost is minimum while satisfying the system constrains of the generating limits and available water. The problem of optimal economic operation of hydrothermal power systems with fixed head hydro plants is considered and has had many researches about this. Determining of water discharge at the first interval is performed in this paper and lead to a low number of iteration and short computation time for convergence. The proposed method is tested on one system consisting of one hydro and one thermal plant through two examples.

Genome analysis and algicidal activity of Paucibacter sp. DH15 against Microcystis aeruginosa

Ve Van Le,So-Ra Ko,Sang-Ah Lee,Hee-Mock Oh,Chi-Yong Ahn 한국환경생물학회 2020 한국환경생물학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.07

Comparative Genome analysis of the Genus Curvibacter and the Description of Curvibacter microcysteis sp. nov. and Curvibacter cyanobacteriorum

Le Ve Van,Ko So-Ra,Kang Mingyeong,Jeong Seonah,Oh Hee-Mock,Ahn Chi-Yong 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.11

The three Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive bacterial strains RS43T , HBC28, and HBC61T , were isolated from fresh water and subjected to a polyphasic study. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequence initially indicated that strains RS43T , HBC28, and HBC61T were closely related to species of genus Curvibacter and shared the highest sequence similarity of 98.14%, 98.21%, and 98.76%, respectively, with Curvibacter gracilis 7-1T . Phylogenetic analysis based on genome sequences placed all strains within the genus Curvibacter. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between the three strains and related type strains supported their recognition as two novel genospecies in the genus Curvibacter. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the genus possessed an open pangenome. Based on KEGG BlastKOALA analyses, Curvibacter species have the potential to metabolize benzoate, phenylacetate, catechol, and salicylate, indicating their potential use in the elimination of these compounds from the water systems. The results of polyphasic characterization indicated that strain RS43T and HBC61T represent two novel species, for which the name Curvibacter microcysteis sp. nov. (type strain RS43T =KCTC 92793T =LMG 32714T ) and Curvibacter cyanobacteriorum sp. nov. (type strain HBC61T =KCTC 92794T =LMG 32713T ) are proposed.