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GSTT1 is Deregulated in Left Colon Tumors
Coskunpinar, Ender,Canbay, Emel,Oltulu, Yasemin Musteri,Tiryakioglu, Necip Ozan,Bugra, Dursun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5
Our aim was to determine GSTT1 expression levels in left colon tumors and paired normal tissue in order to identify specific alterations in GSTT1 mRNA levels. Alterations in GSTT1 expression in twenty-four left-sided colon tumors and paired cancer free tissue were determined by qRT-PCR. Significant fold changes were determined with t-test. When compared with cancer free tissue, left colon cancers showed a significant decrease in GSTT1 expression. However, GSTT1 mRNA levels among different grades increased gradually in correlation with tumor grade. Our results suggest that downregulation of GSTT1 in left-sided colon cancers is an early event and is reversed with cancer progression, probably due to cellular defense mechanisms as a response to changes in the microenvironment.
Eisaabadi B., G.,Davami, P.,Kim, S.K.,Tiryakioglu, M. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.579 No.-
The effects of melt quality and the placement of a filter in the filling system on Weibull distributions of tensile strength and elongation of Al-7%Si-Mg alloy castings were investigated. Three different combinations of melt quality and filtering were used: (a) unstirred, with filter in the filling system, (b) stirred to produce and entrain surface oxide films with no filter in the filling system to emulate poor initial melt preparation and melt handling, and (c) stirred and with a filter placed in the filling system. The results showed that the highest elongation and tensile strength values were obtained from the unstirred, filtered condition and lowest values were from stirred and unfiltered castings. Statistical analysis of tensile data showed that (i) producing and entraining new surface oxides resulted in a significant reduction in tensile strength and elongation, (ii) the distribution of tensile properties was Weibull for unstirred, filtered and stirred, unfiltered castings, and (iii) tensile strength and elongation of stirred and filtered specimens followed bi-Weibull distributions. By introducing a filter into the filling system, the damage caused by stirring can be only partially remedied. The filter is 72% effective in preventing very large old oxide bifilms from entering the mold cavity but overall the filter was found to be incapable of eliminating the damage given to the metal by stirring.