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Photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution of tapered silicon nanowires
Li, Xiaopeng,Xiao, Yanjun,Zhou, Keya,Wang, Junna,Schweizer, Stefan L.,Sprafke, Alexander,Lee, Jung-Ho,Wehrspohn, Ralf B. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.17 No.2
<P>The origin of the photocurrent enhancement and the overpotential reduction in solar water splitting employing nanostructured silicon is still a matter of debate. A set of tapered Si nanowires (SiNWs) has been designed for clarifying the impact of nanostructured Si on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) while precisely tailoring several interference factors such as surface area, light absorption and surface defect density. We find that defect passivation by KOH achieved by tapering is much more beneficial than the optical gain. Surfactant-mediated modification of SiNWs is capable of engineering the band structure. As a result, we suggest a guideline for nanostructured Si photoelectrodes optimized for the HER.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The photoelectrochemical performance of Si nanowires can be greatly improved both in photocurrent and photovoltage through a tapering process. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cp04396k'> </P>