Σ-nucleus potential studied with the(π−,K+)reaction on medium-to-heavy nuclear targets

Saha, P. K.,Noumi, H.,Abe, D.,Ajimura, S.,Aoki, K.,Bhang, H. C.,Dobashi, K.,Endo, T.,Fujii, Y.,Fukuda, T.,Guo, H. C.,Hashimoto, O.,Hotchi, H.,Imai, K.,Kim, E. H.,Kim, J. H.,Kishimoto, T.,Krutenkova, A American Physical Society 2004 PHYSICAL REVIEW C - Vol.70 No.4

Quantification of Karanjin, Tannin and Trypsin Inhibitors in Raw and Detoxified Expeller and Solvent Extracted Karanj (Pongamia glabra) Cake

Panda, A.K.,Sastry, V.R.B.,Kumar, A.,Saha, S.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.12

Despite being a rich source of protein (28-34%), karanj (Pongamia glabra) cake is found to be bitter in taste and toxic in nature owing to the presence of flavonoid (karanjin), tannin and trypsin inhibitor, thereby restricting its safe inclusion in poultry rations. Feeding of karanj cake at higher levels (>10%) adversely affected the growth performance of poultry due to the presence of these toxic factors. Therefore, efforts were made to detoxify karanj cake by various physico-chemical methods such as dry heat, water washing, pressure cooking, alkali and acid treatments and microbiological treatment with Sacchraromyces cerevisiae (strain S-49). The level of residual karanjin in raw and variously processed cake was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography and tannin and trypsin inhibitor was quantified by titrametric and colorimetric methods, respectively. The karanjin, tannin and trypsin inhibitor levels in such solvent and expeller pressed karanj cake were 0.132, 3.766 and 6.550 and 0.324, 3.172 and 8.513%, respectively. Pressure-cooking of solvent extracted karanj cake (SKC) substantially reduced the karanjin content at a cake:water ratio of 1:0.5 with 30-minute cooking. Among chemical methods, 1.5% (w/w) NaOH was very effective in reducing the karanjin content. $Ca(OH)_2$ treatment was also equally effective in karanjin reduction, but at a higher concentration of 3.0% (w/w). A similar trend was noticed with respect to treatment of expeller pressed karanj cake (EKC). Pressure cooking of EKC was effective in reducing the karanjin level of the cake. Among chemical methods alkali treatment [2% (w/w) NaOH] substantially reduced the karanjin levels of the cake. Other methods such as water washing, dry heat, HCl, glacial acetic acid, urea-ammoniation, combined acid and alkali, and microbiological treatments marginally reduced the karanjin concentration of SKC and EKC. Treatment of both SKC and EKC with 1.5% and 2.0% NaOH (w/w) was the most effective method in reducing the tannin content. Among the various methods of detoxification, dry heat, pressure cooking and microbiological treatment with Saccharomyces cerevisiae were substantially effective in reducing the trypsin inhibitor activity in both SKC and EKC. Based on reduction in karanjin, in addition to tannin and trypsin inhibitor activity, detoxification of SKC with either 1.5% NaOH or 3% $Ca(OH)_2$, w/w) and with 2% NaOH were more effective. Despite the effectiveness of pressure cooking in reducing the karanjin content, it could not be recommended for detoxification because of the practical difficulties in adopting the technology as well as for economic considerations.

Biochemical Attributes of Mature Female Gonads of Different Strains and Hybrid of Mulberry Silkmoth, Bombyx mori L.(Lepidoptera : Bombycidae)

Saha, A. K.,Chaudhuri, A.,Krishnan, N.,Sengupta, A. K.,Shamsuddin, M.,Sen, S. K.,Saratchandra, B. 한국잠사학회 1998 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.40 No.1

One indigenous polyvoltine strain (Nistari) and two bivoltine strains viz. P5, and NB18, along with one bivoltine hybrid (P5 X NB18) were subjected for studies on the differences on some physiologically important biomolecules like protein, nucleic acids and cholesterol. Ovarian protein and RNA content remained significantly high in the bivoltine races and their hybrid over multivoltine breed, while, DNA and cholesterol content remained significantly low in all the breeds and the hybrid as compared to Nistari strain. However, the ovarian weight was higher in both the bivoltine breeds and their hybrid than that of Nistnri. Higher ovarian weight together with more protein and RNA concentrations reflect the preparatory phase for production of diapausing eggs by the bivoltines. This is indicated by the production of more number of eggs by the bivoltine silkmoths and their hybrid. The variations in biochemical parameters studied herein, thus establish a distinct difference in the overt reproductive physioiogy between multivoltine and bivoltine silkworms.

A STUDY ON THE INCUBATION OF INDIGENOUS (DESI), KHAKI CAMPBELL AND CROSSBRED (INDIAN RUNNER × KHAKI CAMPBELL, F₁) DUCK EGGS UNDER TWO PRE-INCUBATION HOLDING PERIODS

Saha, S.K.,Chowdhury, S.D.,Hamid, M.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.3

Duck eggs from Indigenous (desi), Khaki Campbell and Crossbred (Indian Runner $\times$ Khaki Campbell, $F_1$) were incubated to investigate fertility, hatchability and other related traits. The fertility was highest in crossbred followed by Khaki Campbell and Indigenous ducks respectively. The embryonic mortality was highest in Khaki Campbell followed by Indigenous and crossbred respectively. The embryonic mortality was higher in eggs of 7 days pre-incubation holding period and lower in eggs of 3 days pre-incubation holding period. A significant positive correlation was found between temperature and embryonic mortality as well as relative humidity and embryonic mortality. The hatchability on fertile eggs was highest in crossbred ducks and almost similar in both Khaki Campbell and Indigenous ducks. The hatchability was higher in eggs stored for 3 days in comparison with that of 7 days pre-incubation holding period. A negative correlation was found between temperature and hatchability as well as humidity and hatchability. The normal ducklings hatched out from the eggs of Khaki Campbell ducks was highest followed by Indigenous and crossbred respectively. There was a negative correlation between temperature and normal ducklings hatched as well as relative humidity and normal ducklings hatched. The preincubation holding temperature and relative humidity had positive correlation with dead-in-shell.

KRT19 directly interacts with β-catenin/RAC1 complex to regulate NUMB-dependent NOTCH signaling pathway and breast cancer properties

Saha, S K,Choi, H Y,Kim, B W,Dayem, A A,Yang, G-M,Kim, K S,Yin, Y F,Cho, S-G Macmillan Publishers Limited 2017 Oncogene Vol.36 No.3

<P>Studies have reported that interactions between keratins (KRTs) and other proteins initiate signaling cascades that regulate cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. In the current study, we found that expression of KRT19 was specifically high in breast cancers and significantly correlated with their invasiveness. Moreover, knockdown of KRT19 led to increased proliferation, migration, invasion, drug resistance, and sphere formation in breast cancer cells via an upregulated NOTCH signaling pathway. This was owing to reduced expression of NUMB, an inhibitory protein of the NOTCH signaling pathway. In addition, we found that KRT19 interacts with beta-catenin/RAC1 complex and enhances the nuclear translocation of beta-catenin. Concordantly, knockdown of KRT19 suppressed the nuclear translocation of beta-catenin as well as beta-catenin-mediated NUMB expression. Furthermore, modulation of KRT19mediated regulation of NUMB and NOTCH1 expression led to the repression of the cancer stem cell properties of breast cancer patient-derived CD133(high)/CXCR4(high)/ALDH1(high) cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs), which showed very low KRT19 and high NOTCH1 expression. Taken together, our study suggests a novel function for KRT19 in the regulation of nuclear import of the beta-catenin/RAC1 complex, thus modulating the NUMB-dependent NOTCH signaling pathway in breast cancers and CSLCs, which might bear potential clinical implications for cancer or CSLC treatment.</P>

Replacement Value of Two Bangladeshi Varieties of Yellow Corn for Wheat in the Diet of Laying Chicken

Saha, P.K.,Chowdhury, S.D.,Das, S.C.,Saha, S.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.5

Two Bangladeshi varieties of yellow corn-'Barnali' and 'Khaibhutta' were chemically analysed and used in the diet of laying chicken to determine their replacement value for wheat. Both the new varieties of yellow corn were found to be good sources of energy and the CP contents were comparable to wheat. Forty two, 29-week old randomly selected Starcross Brown commercial pullets were assigned to 7 dietary treatments with 6 replicates, each being an experimental unit. Diets were formulated replacing wheat quantitatively by two varieties of yellow corn either 0, 50, 75 or 100 per cent from a wheat based control diet. The production performance of laying hens fed diets formulated with Barnali or Khaibhutta at different dietary levels during an experimental period of 16 weeks was satisfactory and comparable to wheat based diet. Except egg yolk colour, the other internal arid external egg quality characteristics at 8th and 16th weeks of the experiment did not differ significantly. The egg yolk colour improved significantly (p<0.01) by feeding both the new varieties of corn and the degree of pigmentation of yolk increased as the dietary levels of corn increased at the expense of wheat. Considering laying performance, the new varieties of yellow corn, Barnali or Khaibhutta can be used in layer diet as replacement of wheat. Such a replacement would better that wheat-based diet in terms of egg yolk pigmentation.

Review of remediation techniques for arsenic (As) contamination: A novel approach utilizing bio-organisms

Rahman, S.,Kim, K.H.,Saha, S.K.,Swaraz, A.M.,Paul, D.K. Academic Press 2014 Journal of Environmental Management Vol.134 No.-

Arsenic (As) contamination has recently become a worldwide problem, as it is found to be widespread not only in drinking water but also in various foodstuffs. Because of the high toxicity, As contamination poses a serious risk to human health and ecological system. To cope with this problem, a great deal of effort have been made to account for the mechanisms of As mineral formation and accumulation by some plants and aquatic organisms exposed to the high level of As. Hence, bio-remediation is now considered an effective and potent approach to breakdown As contamination. In this review, we provide up-to-date knowledge on how biological tools (such as plants for phytoremediation and to some extent microorganisms) can be used to help resolve the effects of As problems on the Earth's environment.

DEVELOPMENT OF STRAW BASED RATION FOR FEEDING RUMINANTS

Kibria, S.S.,Islam, M.R.,Saha, C.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1991 Animal Bioscience Vol.4 No.3

A CRD experiment with thirty growing cross bred calves were assigned at random to three treatments rations. 1) $T_0$, 0% Urea + 20% M. O. cake, 2) $T_1$, 1% Urea + 10% M. O. cake and 3) $T_2$, 2% Urea + 0% M. O. cake to develop a rice straw based ration for ruminants. Sweetish odour and yellowish colour were observed in good recovered silage. Organic matter varied from 87.45% to 89.63% whereas crude protein varied from 14.0% to 14.5% in each treatment. No significant differences were found among the nutrient composition of the ration. The dry matter in take (DMI) and dry matter digestibility was higher in $T_0$ (0% Urea) than those of ration containing 1% ($T_1$) and 2% Urea ($T_2$). The organic matter digestibility decreases with increasing doses of urea. The crude protein & nitrogen-free-extract digestibility were found higher in the ration $T_1$ containing 1% urea whereas crude fibre digestibility and available metabolizable energy (ME) were higher in $T_0$ containing no urea as compared to $T_1$ and $T_2$. Total digestible nutrient (TDN) decreases with the increase of urea level. The highest feed efficiency was found in $T_0$ having no urea and lowest was in $T_2$. The animals gained in weights from each ration. Highest gain in weight was found in $T_0$ ration, then followed $T_1$, and $T_2$. This is due to natural protein available in M. O. cake only. It is concluded that supplemetation of urea or M. O. cake with readily available energy source as molasses upto 20% of total dietary dry matter in a complete ration may increase the intake of low quality fibrous roughage only when nitrogen and mineral are not limiting factor.

Pose Estimation of 5-DOF Manipulator using On-Body Markers

Sree S. S. Katta,Adnan J.,S. Chaudhary,S. Dutta Roy,Chetan Arora,S. K. Saha,Magid E. 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Manipulators are helpful in performing various hazardous tasks like sanitization with chemicals in germs infected areas, spraying pesticides in fields, pick and place of heavy and hazardous materials where direct human intervention is difficult. For manipulators to perform its assigned task accurately, prior estimation of its pose needs to be pinpointed. End-effector grasping and arm manipulation require estimation of 3D object poses. Recently, a number of procedures and databases for vision-based estimation of object pose have been advised. However, it is not clear about the performance of the developed algorithms for visual pose estimation of robot manipulation. In this paper we present the pose estimation of a 5-dof PhantomX Reactor Arm using On-Body/Aruco Markers. Forward and inverse kinematics were used to estimate the pose from the position coordinates calculated using computer vision techniques. This paper implements an approach aimed at estimating the pose of a camera, affixed to a robotic manipulator, against a target object. We adopt a single camera single-shot technique that minimizes the reprojection error over all the rigid poses. The simulation and experimental results using industrial monocular camera for different sizes of On-body markers were presented.

Characterization and expression profiling of MYB transcription factors against stresses and during male organ development in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis)

Saha, G.,Park, J.I.,Ahmed, N.U.,Kayum, M.A.,Kang, K.K.,Nou, I.S. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2016 Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Vol. No.

<P>MYB proteins comprise a large family of plant transcription factors that play regulatory roles in different biological processes such as plant development, metabolism, and defense responses. To gain insight into this gene superfamily and to elucidate its roles in stress resistance, we performed a comprehensive genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of MYB genes in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). We identified 475 Chinese cabbage MYB genes, among which most were from R2R3-MYB (256 genes) and MYB-related (202) subfamilies. Analysis of sequence characteristics, phylogenetic classification, and protein motif structures confirmed the existence of several categories (1R, 2R, 3R, 4R, and 5R) of Chinese cabbage MYB genes, which is comparable with MYB genes of other crops. An extensive in silica functional analysis, based on established functional properties of MYB genes from different crop species, revealed 11 and four functional clades within the Chinese cabbage R2R3-MYB and MYB-related subfamilies, respectively. In this study, we reported a MYB-like group within the MYB-related subfamily contains 77 MYB genes. Expression analysis using low temperature-treated whole-genome microarray data revealed variable transcript abundance of 1R/2R/3R/4R/5R-MYB genes in 11 clusters between two inbred lines of Chinese cabbage, Chiifu and Kenshin, which differ in cold tolerance. In further validation tests, we used qRT-PCR to examine the cold-responsive expression patterns of 27 BrMYB genes; surprisingly, the MYB-related genes were induced more highly than the R2R3-MYB genes. In addition, we identified 10 genes with corresponsive expression patterns from a set of salt-, drought-, ABA-, JA-, and SA-induced R2R3-MYB genes. We identified 11 R2R3-1VIYBs functioning in resistance against biotic stress, including 10 against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. conglutinans and one against Pectobacterium carotovoram subsp. caratovorum. Furthermore, based on organ-specific expression data, we identified nine R2R3-MYBs that were constitutively expressed in male reproductive tissue, which may provide an important key for studying male sterility in Chinese cabbage. The extensive annotation and transcriptome profiling reported in this study will be useful for understanding the involvement of MYB genes in stress resistance in addition to their growth regulatory functions, ultimately providing the basis for functional characterization and exploitation of the candidate MYB genes for genetic engineering of Chinese cabbage. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.</P>