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Ezat, Sharifa Wan Puteh,Hod, Rozita,Mustafa, Jamsiah,Mohd Dali, Ahmad Zailani Hatta,Sulaiman, Aqmar Suraya,Azman, Azlin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5
Background: Introduction of the HPV vaccine is a forefront primary prevention method in reducing the incidence of carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer. The Malaysia government has implemented the National HPV immunisation programme since 2010, supplying HPV vaccine free to targeted 13 year olds. This study aimed to explore the level of knowledge among mothers on cervical cancer, HPV, HPV vaccine and National HPV (NHPV) immunisation programme since its' implementation. It also assessed acceptance of mothers towards HPV vaccine being administered to their daughter, son or themselves. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 155 respondents using self-administered questionnaires; conducted in December 2012 at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Results: A response rate of 100% was obtained. Overall, 51.0% of mothers had good knowledge, with 55% having good knowledge of cervical cancer, 54.2% for both HPV and the National HPV immunisation programme and 51.0% for the HPV vaccine. Regression analyses showed that ethnicity was associated with knowledge on cervical cancer (p=0.003) while education was associated with knowledge on HPV (p=0.049). Three factors are associated with knowledge of the National HPV immunisation programme; ethnicity (p=0.017), mothers' education (p=0.0005) and number of children (p=0.020). The acceptance of HPV vaccine to be administered among daughter was the highest at 87.1%, followed by for mothers themselves at 73.5%, and the least is for sons 62.6%. Conclusions: This study found that the overall level of knowledge was moderate. Adequate information on cervical cancer, HPV, HPV vaccination and the National HPV immunisation programme should be provided to mothers in order to increase acceptance of the HPV vaccine which can reduce the disease burden in the future.
Ureteral stricture formation after ureteroscope treatment of impacted calculi: A prospective study
Xeng Inn Fam,Praveen Singam,Christopher Chee Kong Ho,Radhika Sridharan,Rozita Hod,Badrulhisham Bahadzor,Eng Hong Goh,Guan Hee Tan,Zulkifli Zainuddin 대한비뇨의학회 2015 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.56 No.1
Purpose: Urinary calculi is a familiar disease. A well-known complication of endourological treatment for impacted ureteral stonesis the formation of ureteral strictures, which has been reported to occur in 14.2% to 24% of cases. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study. Ureterotripsy treatment was used on patients with impacted ureteralstones. Then, after 3 months and 6 months, the condition of these patients was assessed by means of a kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB)ultrasound. If the KUB ultrasound indicated moderate to serious hydronephrosis, the patient was further assessed by means of acomputed tomography intravenous urogram or retrograde pyelogram to confirm the occurrence of ureteral strictures. Results: Of the 77 patients who participated in the study, 5 developed ureteral strictures. Thus, the stricture rate was 7.8%. Ananalysis of the intraoperative risk factors including perforation of the ureter, damage to the mucous membrane, and residual stoneimpacted within the ureter mucosa revealed that none of these factors contributed significantly to the formation of the uretericstrictures. The stone-related risk factors that were taken into consideration were stone size, stone impaction site, and duration ofimpaction. These stone factors also did not contribute significantly to the formation of the ureteral strictures. Conclusions: This prospective study failed to identify any predictable factors for ureteral stricture formation. It is proposed that allpatients undergo a simple postoperative KUB ultrasound screening 3 months after undergoing endoscopic treatment for impactedureteral stones.