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Mini Neutron Monitors at Concordia Research Station, Central Antarctica
Stepan Poluianov,Ilya Usoskin,Alexander Mishev,Harm Moraal,Helena Krüger,Giampietro Casasanta,Rita Traversi,Roberto Udisti 한국우주과학회 2015 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.32 No.4
Two mini neutron monitors are installed at Concordia research station (Dome C, Central Antarctica, 75°06'S, 123°23'E, 3,233 m.a.s.l.). The site has unique properties ideal for cosmic ray measurements, especially for the detection of solar energetic particles: very low cutoff rigidity < 0.01 GV, high elevation and poleward asymptotic acceptance cones pointing to geographical latitudes > 75°S. The instruments consist of a standard neutron monitor and a "bare" (lead-free) neutron monitor. The instrument operation started in mid-January 2015. The barometric correction coefficients were computed for the period from 1 February to 31 July 2015. Several interesting events, including two notable Forbush decreases on 17 March 2015 and 22 June 2015, and a solar particle event of 29 October 2015 were registered. The data sets are available at cosmicrays.oulu.fi and nmdb.eu.
Observational evidence for the formation of DMS-derived aerosols during Arctic phytoplankton blooms
Park, Ki-Tae,Jang, Sehyun,Lee, Kitack,Yoon, Young Jun,Kim, Min-Seob,Park, Kihong,Cho, Hee-Joo,Kang, Jung-Ho,Udisti, Roberto,Lee, Bang-Yong,Shin, Kyung-Hoon Copernicus GmbH 2017 Atmospheric chemistry and physics Vol.17 No.15
<P>Abstract. The connection between marine biogenic dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and the formation of aerosol particles in the Arctic atmosphere was evaluated by analyzing atmospheric DMS mixing ratio, aerosol particle size distribution and aerosol chemical composition data that were concurrently collected at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (78.5° N, 11.8° E), during April and May 2015. Measurements of aerosol sulfur (S) compounds showed distinct patterns during periods of Arctic haze (April) and phytoplankton blooms (May). Specifically, during the phytoplankton bloom period the contribution of DMS-derived SO42− to the total aerosol SO42− increased by 7-fold compared with that during the proceeding Arctic haze period, and accounted for up to 70 % of fine SO42− particles (< 2.5 µm in diameter). The results also showed that the formation of submicron SO42− aerosols was significantly associated with an increase in the atmospheric DMS mixing ratio. More importantly, two independent estimates of the formation of DMS-derived SO42− aerosols, calculated using the stable S-isotope ratio and the non-sea-salt SO42− ∕ methanesulfonic acid ratio, respectively, were in close agreement, providing compelling evidence that the contribution of biogenic DMS to the formation of aerosol particles was substantial during the Arctic phytoplankton bloom period. </P>