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Jin, J.O.,Shastina, V.V.,Shin, S.W.,Xu, Q.,Park, J.I.,Rasskazov, V.A.,Avilov, S.A.,Fedorov, S.N.,Stonik, V.A.,Kwak, J.Y. North-Holland Pub ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 FEBS letters Vol.583 No.4
Frondoside A is a pentaoside having an acetyl moiety at the aglycon ring and xylose as a third monosaccharide residue. Cucumarioside A<SUB>2</SUB>-2 is a pentaoside having glucose as a third monosaccahride unit. We compared the effects of frondoside A and A<SUB>2</SUB>-2 for cell death-inducing capability with close attention paid to structure-activity relationships. Both frondoside A and A<SUB>2</SUB>-2 strongly induced apoptosis of leukemic cells. Frondoside A-induced apoptosis was more potent and rapid than A<SUB>2</SUB>-2-induced apoptosis. A<SUB>2</SUB>-2-induced but not frondoside A-induced apoptosis was caspase-dependent. This suggests that holothurians may induce apoptosis of leukemic cells caspase-dependently or -independently, depending on the holothurian structure.
Jin, Jun-O,Shastina, Valeria,Park, Joo-In,Han, Jin-Yeong,Makarieva, Tatyana,Fedorov, Sergey,Rasskazov, Valery,Stonik, Valentin,Kwak, Jong-Young Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2009 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.32 No.6
<P>Two-headed sphingolipids bear a certain similarity with sphingolipids in the structure and but differing from classical sphingolipids in α,ω-position of the basic groups. We analyzed the apoptotic effects of some two-headed sphingolipids including rhizochalin (Rhz) and its derivatives isolated from sponge <I>Rhizochalina incrustata</I> on human leukemia HL-60 cells. Direct addition of Rhz induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells. The aglycon of Rhz, which has no galactosyl residue, showed a stronger ability to induce apoptotic activity than Rhz. Rhz congeners with acetate derivatives only weakly induced apoptosis. The usual mitochondrial membrane permeability changes and the decrease of protein levels of procaspases-8, -9, and -3 correlated with the apoptotic activity of Rhzs. These results suggest that derivatives of two-headed sphingolipids potently induce apoptosis in mammalian cells when administered exogenously and this cell death was dependent on caspase activation pathways.</P>