Competitive Inoculation as an Effective Prophylaxis Against Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review

Quentin Mak,Julian Greig,Kamran Ahmed,Shamim Khan,Prokar Dasgupta,Sachin Malde,Nicholas Raison 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2023 International Neurourology Journal Vol.27 No.2

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition defined as the presence of bacteria within the urine above a certain threshold (usually >100,000 m/L). The lifetime risk in women is estimated to be 50%, of whom 25% will develop recurrence within 6 months. Unfortunately, the use of antibiotics to treat and manage recurrent UTI (rUTI) is a growing problem, due to the burden of growing antibiotic resistance on public health. As such, new approaches to manage rUTI are being investigated and developed. Competitive inoculation via instillation of Escherichia coli 83972 or HU2117 in the bladder is a new prophylactic non-antimicrobial therapy for rUTIs. It utilizes the principle of the protective nature of asymptomatic bacteriuria to prevent recurrence of symptomatic UTIs. However, the effectiveness and safety of this technique remains unclear. This systematic review examined the current outcomes data on competitive inoculation as an effective and safe treatment for rUTI prophylaxis. Based on a limited number of studies, current evidence suggests that competitive inoculation is an effective and safe prophylactic measure against UTIs in a select group of patients with incomplete bladder emptying. However, administration of the technology is both resource and time intensive, and there is strong data demonstrating low successful colonisation rates. Competitive inoculation is an alternative to antibiotics only to rUTI patients with incomplete bladder emptying. There is no evidence to suggest that the technology would be suitable for other subsets of rUTI patients. Further randomized controlled trials should be conducted to improve the evidence base before drawing conclusions for clinical practice, and ideas to improve colonisation rates and simplify the administration process should be explored.

Stochastic Modeling of Cavitation Erosion in Francis Runner

Quentin Chatenet,Martin Gagnon,Emmanuel Remy,Mitra Fouladirad,Antoine Tahan 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.1

Reaction turbines, of which Francis turbines, constitute a large proportion of low and medium head turbines installed in hydropower plants. Managing these machines represents a real challenge in terms of efficiency, competitiveness and demands on the energy market. Turbines runner blades exhibit loss of performance from damage due to several reasons. One common source of damage is erosion due to the cavitation phenomenon. Indeed, at a given operating region, rap id changes of velocity can create bubbles in the water flow due to local low pressures. When cavitation bubbles reach pressure recovery, they collapse and may induce wear or erosion in these regions. Even if this phenomenon has been intensively studied in the past decades, cavitation erosion is not fully understood as it is driven by several parameters such as flow dynamic, turbine design, environment, or material properties. Some of these parameters can be studied in laboratory to compare materials resistance between each other. This article aims to model the cavitation by a stochastic model using erosion experimental data observed in the laboratory. The benefit of such models is to consider both the uncertainties and natural fluctuations of the phenomenon. With the proposed framework, the study will highlight the differences observed in cavitation erosion experiments of two common materials used to manufacture Francis’s runners. This study is the first step in a project aiming at the prediction of turbines mass loss due to cavitation erosion on actual operating Francis turbines.

Dalian Wanda Group: A Chinese Conglomerate Transforming into a Global Brand

Quentin Tigé,Carine Tang,Jonathan Deschenes,Hugo Rossi Academy of Asian Business (AAB) 2016 Academy of Asian Business Review Vol.2 No.2

The “made in China” stigma has overshadowed Chinese companies for decades; it is now time to end it. As it managed to create a strong brand image for itself in Mainland China, Dalian Wanda Group is now seeking to achieve a new goal: being a world leading luxury brand. Through this case study, we will analyze the conglomerate, discuss success factors and establish recommendations. The case will provide insights on globalization, branding, luxury and high quality market, as well as insights on liability of foreignness in the context of the real estate and entertainment industry.

Stochastic Modeling of Cavitation Erosion in Francis Runner

Quentin Chatenet,Martin Gagnon,Laurent Ton-That,Emmanuel Remy,Mitra Fouladirad,Antoine Tahan 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.2

Reaction turbines, of which Francis turbines, constitute a large proportion of low and medium head turbines installed in hydropower plants. Managing these machines represents a real challenge in terms of efficiency, competitiveness and demands on the energy market. Turbines runner blades exhibit loss of performance from damage due to several reasons. One common source of damage is erosion due to the cavitation phenomenon. Indeed, at a given operating region, rapid changes of velocity can create bubbles in the water flow due to local low pressures. When cavitation bubbles reach pressure recovery, they collapse and may induce wear or erosion in these regions. Even if this phenomenon has been intensively studied in the past decades, cavitation erosion is not fully understood as it is driven by several parameters such as flow dynamic, turbine design, environment, or material properties. Some of these parameters can be studied in laboratory to compare materials resistance between each other. This article aims to model the cavitation by a stochastic model using erosion experimental data observed in the laboratory. The benefit of such models is to consider both the uncertainties and natural fluctuations of the phenomenon. With the proposed framework, the study will highlight the differences observed in cavitation erosion experiments of two common materials used to manufacture Francis’s runners. This study is the first step in a project aiming at the prediction of turbines mass loss due to cavitation erosion on actual operating Francis turbines.

Go players should not trust AI win rate

Quentin Rendu 국제바둑학회(구 한국바둑학회) 2023 바둑학연구 Vol.17 No.2

The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the landscape of various strategic games, including Go. In 2016, the AIpowered engine AlphaGo defeated one of the world’s strongest players. Since then, Go engines have routinely been used by amateur and professional Go players to analyse their games. In the early stages of AI analysis, Go players relied solely on the AI win rate, the only available indicator. However, the AI win rate does not accurately reflect the win rate of human Go players and might be misleading. Katago, first released in 2019, is the first engine to provide score predictions in addition to win rates. While it is now possible to evaluate board positions with a score, it remains unclear how this score translates into human win rates. In this work, a large database of online and professional games is analysed to extract the win rate of a human player based on their strength and the stage of the game. As expected, the human win rate is significantly lower than the AI win rate, even for 9dan professional players. A general formula is provided to compute the win rate based on player strength and move number. This feature offers new insights into the relative importance of mistakes and can assist players in making improved decisions during games.

Debates around Cultural Re-imaging and Culture-led Urban Regeneration: The Politics of two Festivals in Gwangju and Glasgow

Stevens, Quentin,Shin, HaeRan Brill Academic Publishers 2014 Asian journal of social science Vol.41 No.6

유럽 환자분류체계의 발전과정

( Wilm Quentin ) 건강보험심사평가원 심사평가연구소 2012 HIRA 정책동향 Vol.6 No.4

Physicians and Human Rights

Young, Quentin D.,Stover, Eric MediMedia Korea 1991 JAMA-Korea Vol.6 No.3

Australian Political Culture and the Rise of One Nation : Towards an Interpretation

Beresford,Quentin,Phillips,Harry C.J. Australian Studies Institute 1999 Journal of Australian studies Vol.6 No.1

Accompanied by levels of public protest and violence rarely seen in Australia Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party has cut a swathe through contemporary Australian politics. Almost single-handedly she has created dissent and division on the conservative side of politics, induced unease among Labor politicians over the loss of a core of its traditional voters, and confounded media critics and policy elites with her hostile diagnosis of Australian "ills" and the audacious simplicity of her solutions.

Direct Experimental Evidence of Metal-Mediated Etching of Suspended Graphene

Ramasse, Quentin M.,Zan, Recep,Bangert, Ursel,Boukhvalov, Danil W.,Son, Young-Woo,Novoselov, Konstantin S. American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.5

<P>Atomic resolution high angle annular dark field imaging of suspended, single-layer graphene, onto which the metals Cr, Ti, Pd, Ni, Al, and Au atoms had been deposited, was carried out in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope. In combination with electron energy loss spectroscopy, employed to identify individual impurity atoms, it was shown that nanoscale holes were etched into graphene, initiated at sites where single atoms of all the metal species except for gold come into close contact with the graphene. The e-beam scanning process is instrumental in promoting metal atoms from clusters formed during the original metal deposition process onto the clean graphene surface, where they initiate the hole-forming process. Our observations are discussed in the light of calculations in the literature, predicting a much lowered vacancy formation in graphene when metal ad-atoms are present. The requirement and importance of oxygen atoms in this process, although not predicted by such previous calculations, is also discussed, following our observations of hole formation in pristine graphene in the presence of Si-impurity atoms, supported by new calculations which predict a dramatic decrease of the vacancy formation energy, when SiO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> molecules are present.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-5/nn300452y/production/images/medium/nn-2012-00452y_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn300452y'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>