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        Enhanced mechanical properties and interface structure characterization of W-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> alloy designed by an innovative combustion-based approach

        Chen, Pengqi,Xu, Xian,Wei, Bangzheng,Chen, Jiayu,Qin, Yongqiang,Cheng, Jigui Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.5

        Oxide dispersion strengthening (ODS) tungsten alloys are highly desirable in irradiation applications. However, how to improve the properties of ODS-tungsten alloys efficiently has been worth studying for a long time. Here we report a nanostructuring approach that achieves W-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> alloy with a high level of flexural strength and Vickers hardness at room temperature, which have the maximum value of 581 MPa and 703 Hv, respectively. This method named solution combustion synthesis (SCS) can generate 30 nm coating structures W-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite powders by using Keggin-type structural polyoxometalates as raw materials in a fast and low-cost process. The composite powder can be fabricated to W-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> alloy with an optimal microstructure of submicrometric W grains coexisting with nanometric oxide particles in the grain interior, and a stability interface structure of grain boundaries (GBs) by forming transition zones. The method can be used to prepare new ODS alloys with excellent properties in the future.

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        Continuous W Cu functional gradient material from pure W to W Cu layer prepared by a modified sedimentation method

        Wei Bangzheng,Zhou Rui,Xu Dang,Chen Ruizhi,Yu Xinxi,Chen Pengqi,Cheng Jigui 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.12

        The thermal stress between W plasma-facing material (PFM) and Cu heat sink in fusion reactors can be significantly reduced by using a WeCu functionally graded material (WeCu FGM) interlayer. However, there is still considerable stress at the joining interface between W and WeCu FGM in the W/WeCu FGM/Cu portions. In this work, we fabricate W skeletons with continuous gradients in porosity by a modified sedimentation method. Sintering densification behavior and pore characteristics of the sedimented W skeletons at different sintering temperatures were investigated. After Cu infiltration, the final WeCu FGM was obtained. The results indicate that the pore size and porosity in the W skeleton decrease gradually with the increase of sintering temperature, but the increase of skeleton sintering temperature does not reduce the gradient range of composition distribution of the final prepared WeCu FGM. And WeCu FGM with composition distribution from pure W to W-20.5wt.% Cu layer across the section was successfully obtained. The thickness of the pure W layer is about one-fifth of the whole sample thickness. In addition, the prepared WeCu FGM has a relative density of 94.5 % and thermal conductivity of 185 W/ (m K). The WeCu FGM prepared in this work may provide a good solution to alleviate the thermal stress between W PFM and Cu heat sink in the fusion reactors.

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        Fabrication of diamond/W – Cu functionally graded material by microwave sintering

        Chenlong Wei,Jigui Cheng,Mei Zhang,Rui Zhou,Bangzheng Wei,Xinxi Yu,Laima Luo,Pengqi Chen 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.3

        A four-layered W/Cu functionally graded material (FGM) (W90% þ Cu10%/W80% þ Cu20%/W70% þ Cu30%/W60% þ Cu40%, wt.% fraction) and a four-layered diamond/WeCu FGM (W90% þ Cu10%/W80% þ Cu20%/W70% þ Cu30%/W55% þ Cu40% þ diamond5%, wt.% fraction) were fabricated by microwavesintering. The thermal conductivity and thermal shock resistance of diamond/WeCu FGM andWeCu FGM were investigated. The morphologies of the diamond particles and different FGMs wereanalyzed using AFM, SEM, EDS, and TEM. The results show that a 200 nm rough tungsten coating wasformed on the surface of the diamond. The density of the tungsten-coated diamond/WeCu FGM, obtainedby microwave sintering at 1200 C for 30 min, was 94.66%. The thermal conductivity of the fourlayereddiamond/WeCu FGM was 220 W$m-1$K-1, which is higher than that of the four-layered W/CuFGM (209 Wm 1 K 1). This indicates that adding an appropriate amount of tungsten-coated diamond tothe high Cu layer W/Cu FGM improves the thermal conductivity of the composite. The diamond/WeCuFGM sintered at 1200 C for 10 min exhibited better thermal shock resistance than diamond/WeCu FGMsintered at 1100 C for 10 min

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