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Nelson, Pamela F.,Martin-Del-Campo, Cecilia,Hallbert, Bruce,Mosleh, Ali Korean Nuclear Society 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1
The development of operational performance indicators is of utmost importance for nuclear power plants, since they measure, track, and trend plant operation. Leading indicators are ideal for reducing the likelihood of consequential events. This paper describes the operational data analysis of the information contained in the Corrective Action Program. The methodology considers human error and organizational factors because of their large contribution to consequential events. The results include a tool developed from the data to be used for the identification, prediction, and reduction of the likelihood of significant consequential events. This tool is based on the resilience curve that was built from the plant's operational data. The stress is described by the number of unresolved condition reports. The strain is represented by the number of preventive maintenance tasks and other periodic work activities (i.e., baseline activities), as well as, closing open corrective actions assigned to different departments to resolve the condition reports (i.e., corrective action workload). Beyond the identified resilience threshold, the stress exceeds the station's ability to operate successfully and there is an increased likelihood that a consequential event will occur. A performance indicator is proposed to reduce the likelihood of consequential events at nuclear power plants.
Pamela F. Nelson,Cecilia Martin-Del-Campo,Bruce Hallbert,Ali Mosleh 한국원자력학회 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1
The development of operational performance indicators is of utmost importance for nuclearpower plants, since they measure, track, and trend plant operation. Leading indicatorsare ideal for reducing the likelihood of consequential events. This paper describesthe operational data analysis of the information contained in the Corrective Action Program. The methodology considers human error and organizational factors because of theirlarge contribution to consequential events. The results include a tool developed from thedata to be used for the identification, prediction, and reduction of the likelihood of significantconsequential events. This tool is based on the resilience curve that was built fromthe plant's operational data. The stress is described by the number of unresolved conditionreports. The strain is represented by the number of preventive maintenance tasks andother periodic work activities (i.e., baseline activities), as well as, closing open correctiveactions assigned to different departments to resolve the condition reports (i.e., correctiveaction workload). Beyond the identified resilience threshold, the stress exceeds the station'sability to operate successfully and there is an increased likelihood that a consequentialevent will occur. A performance indicator is proposed to reduce the likelihood ofconsequential events at nuclear power plants.
Development of a DNA-dosimeter system for monitoring the effects of solar-ultraviolet radiation
Schuch, Andre Passaglia,Da Silva Galhardo, Rodrigo,De Lima-Bessa, Keronninn Moreno,Schuch, Nelson Jorge,Menck, Carlos Frederico Martins Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.1
Solar radiation sustains and affects all life forms on Earth. In recent years, the increase in environmental levels of solar-UV radiation due to depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer, as a result of anthropogenic emission of destructive chemicals, has highlighted serious issues of social concern. This becomes still more dramatic in tropical and subtropical regions, where the intensity of solar radiation is higher. To better understand the impact of the harmful effects of solar-UV radiation on the DNA molecule, we developed a reliable biological monitoring system based on the exposure of plasmid DNA to artificial UV lamps and sunlight. The determination and quantification of different types of UV photoproducts were performed through the use of specific DNA repair enzymes and antibodies. As expected, a significant number of CPDs and 6-4PPs was observed when the DNA-dosimeter system was exposed to increasing doses of UVB radiation. Moreover, CPDs could also be clearly detected in plasmid DNA when this system was exposed to either UVA or directly to sunlight. Interestingly, although less abundant, 6-4PPs and oxidative DNA damage were also generated after exposure to both UVA and sunlight. These results confirm the genotoxic potential of sunlight, reveal that UVA may also produce CPDs and 6-4PPs directly in naked DNA and demonstrate the applicability of a DNA-dosimeter system for monitoring the biological effects of solar-UV radiation.