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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Manviri Rani (검색결과 5 건)
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Rani, Manviri,Shim, Won Joon,Jang, Mi,Han, Gi Myung,Hong, Sang Hee Pergamon Press 2017 Chemosphere Vol.185 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is a major component of marine debris globally. Recently, hazardous hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) were detected in EPS buoys used for aquaculture farming. Subsequently, enrichment of HBCDDs was found in nearby marine sediments and mussels growing on EPS buoys. It was suspected that EPS buoys and their debris might be sources of HBCDDs. To confirm this, the release of HBCDDs from EPS spherules detached from a buoy to seawater was investigated under field (open sea surface and closed outdoor chambers with sun exposure and in the dark) and laboratory (particle-size) conditions. In all exposure groups, initial rapid leaching of HBCDDs was followed by slow desorption over time. Abundant release of HBCDDs was observed from EPS spherules exposed to the open sea surface (natural) and on exposure to sunlight irradiation or in the dark in controlled saline water. Water leaching and UV-light/temperature along with possibly biodegradation were responsible for about 37% and 12% of HBCDDs flux, respectively. Crumbled EPS particles (≤1 mm) in samples deployed on the sea surface for 6 months showed a high degree of weathering. This implies that surface erosion and further fragmentation of EPS via environmental weathering could enhance the leaching of HBCDDs from the surface of EPS. Overall, in the marine environment, HBCDDs could be released to a great extent from EPS products and their debris due to the cumulative effects of the movement of large volumes of water (dilution), biodegradation, UV-light/temperature, wave action (shaking), salinity and further fragmentation of EPS spherules.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Field and laboratory observations for leaching of HBCDDs from EPS into seawater. </LI> <LI> EPS debris/small fragments as source of hazardous chemicals in marine environment. </LI> <LI> Rapid initial leaching of HBCDDs from EPS fragments is followed by slow desorption. </LI> <LI> Water leaching, UV-light/temperature and fragmentation enhanced the release of HBCDD. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Qualitative Analysis of Additives in Plastic Marine Debris and Its New Products.
Rani, Manviri,Shim, Won Joon,Han, Gi Myung,Jang, Mi,Al-Odaini, Najat Ahmed,Song, Young Kyong,Hong, Sang Hee Springer-Verlag 2015 Archives of environmental contamination and toxico Vol.69 No.3
<P>Due to their formulation and/or processing, plastics contain additives and impurities that may leach out under conditions of use and accumulate in the environment. To evaluate their role as vectors of chemical contaminants in marine environment, plastic debris (n??=??19) collected from coastal beaches along with new plastics (n??=??25; same or same brand) bought from local markets were screened by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in full scan mode. Detected peaks were identified using NIST library in different polymers (polypropylene (PP)??>??polyethylene (PE)??>??PP??+??PE??>??polyethyl terephthalate??>??poly(acylene:styrene) with different use (food, fishery, and general use). A database on the presence of 231 different chemicals were grouped into hydrocarbons, ultra-violet (UV)-stabilizers, antioxidants, plasticizers, lubricants, intermediates, compounds for dyes and inks, flame retardants, etc. The UV326, UV327, UV328, UV320, UvinualMC80, irganox 1076, DEHP, antioxidant no 33, di-n-octylisophthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, hexanoic acid 2-ethyl-hexadecyl ester, and hydrocarbons were most frequently detected. Finding of toxic phthalates and UV stabilizers in those products having moisture contact (like bottles with short use) raised concern to humans and indicated their irregular use. The comparison between new and debris plastics clearly indicated the leaching and absorption of chemicals and supports our assumption of plastic as media for transferring these additives in marine environment.</P>
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Jang, Mi,Shim, Won Joon,Han, Gi Myung,Rani, Manviri,Song, Young Kyoung,Hong, Sang Hee Elsevier Applied Science Publishers 2017 Environmental pollution Vol.231 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The role of marine plastic debris and microplastics as a carrier of hazardous chemicals in the marine environment is an emerging issue. This study investigated expanded polystyrene (EPS, commonly known as styrofoam) debris, which is a common marine debris item worldwide, and its additive chemical, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). To obtain a better understanding of chemical dispersion via EPS pollution in the marine environment, intensive monitoring of HBCD levels in EPS debris and microplastics was conducted in South Korea, where EPS is the predominant marine debris originate mainly from fishing and aquaculture buoys. At the same time, EPS debris were collected from 12 other countries in the Asia-Pacific region, and HBCD concentrations were measured. HBCD was detected extensively in EPS buoy debris and EPS microplastics stranded along the Korean coasts, which might be related to the detection of a quantity of HBCD in non-flame-retardant EPS bead (raw material). The wide detection of the flame retardant in sea-floating buoys, and the recycling of high-HBCD-containing EPS waste inside large buoys highlight the need for proper guidelines for the production and use of EPS raw materials, and the recycling of EPS waste. HBCD was also abundantly detected in EPS debris collected from the Asia-Pacific coastal region, indicating that HBCD contamination via EPS debris is a common environmental issue worldwide. Suspected tsunami debris from Alaskan beaches indicated that EPS debris has the potential for long-range transport in the ocean, accompanying the movement of hazardous chemicals. The results of this study indicate that EPS debris can be a source of HBCD in marine environments and marine food web.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A brominated flame retardant, HBCD, was assessed in EPS debris and microplastics. </LI> <LI> HBCD was widely detected in EPS debris from the Asia-Pacific coastal region. </LI> <LI> Additive HBCD are dispersed via EPS pollution in marine environments. </LI> <LI> EPS debris can be a source of HBCD in the marine environment. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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