Activation of PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways facilitates porcine sapovirus trafficking from early to late endosome

Mahmoud Soliman,Deok Song Kim,Soo Young Ahn,Sang Ik Park,Mun Il Kang,Ian Goodfellow,Kyoung Oh Cho 대한수의학회 2016 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.-

Low-Voltage CMOS Current Feedback Operational Amplifier and Its Application

Soliman A. Mahmoud,Ahmed H. Madian,Ahmed M. Soliman 한국전자통신연구원 2007 ETRI Journal Vol.29 No.2

A novel low-voltage CMOS current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) is presented. This realization nearly allows rail-to-rail input/output operations. Also, it provides high driving current capabilities. The CFOA operates at supply voltages of ±0.75 V with a total standby current of 304 μA. The circuit exhibits a bandwidth better than 120 MHz and a current drive capability of ±1 mA. An application of the CFOA to realize a new all-pass filter is given. PSpice simulation results using 0.25 μm CMOS technology parameters for the proposed CFOA and its application are given.

New Fully-Differential CMOS Second-Generation Current Conveyer

Soliman awad Mahmoud 한국전자통신연구원 2006 ETRI Journal Vol.28 No.4

This paper presents a new CMOS fully-differential second-generation current conveyor (FDCCII). The proposed FDCCII is based on a fully-differential difference transconductor as an input stage and two class AB output stages. Besides the proposed FDCCII circuit operating at a supply voltage of ± 1.5 V, it has a total standby current of 380 μA. The applications of the FDCCII to realize a variable gain amplifier, fullydifferential integrator, and fully-differential second-order bandpass filter are given. The proposed FDCII and its applications are simulated using CMOS 0.35 μm technology.

Activation of PI3K, Akt, and ERK during early rotavirus infection leads to V-ATPase-dependent endosomal acidification required for uncoating

Soliman, Mahmoud,Seo, Ja-Young,Kim, Deok-Song,Kim, Ji-Yun,Park, Jun-Gyu,Alfajaro, Mia Madel,Baek, Yeong-Bin,Cho, Eun-Hyo,Kwon, Joseph,Choi, Jong-Soon,Kang, Mun-Il,Park, Sang-Ik,Cho, Kyoung-Oh Public Library of Science 2018 PLoS pathogens Vol.14 No.1

<▼1><P>The cellular PI3K/Akt and/or MEK/ERK signaling pathways mediate the entry process or endosomal acidification during infection of many viruses. However, their roles in the early infection events of group A rotaviruses (RVAs) have remained elusive. Here, we show that late-penetration (L-P) human DS<I>-</I>1 and bovine NCDV RVA strains stimulate these signaling pathways very early in the infection. Inhibition of both signaling pathways significantly reduced production of viral progeny due to blockage of virus particles in the late endosome, indicating that neither of the two signaling pathways is involved in virus trafficking. However, immunoprecipitation assays using antibodies specific for pPI3K, pAkt, pERK and the subunit E of the V-ATPase co-immunoprecipitated the V-ATPase in complex with pPI3K, pAkt, and pERK. Moreover, Duolink proximity ligation assay revealed direct association of the subunit E of the V-ATPase with the molecules pPI3K, pAkt, and pERK, indicating that both signaling pathways are involved in V-ATPase-dependent endosomal acidification. Acidic replenishment of the medium restored uncoating of the RVA strains in cells pretreated with inhibitors specific for both signaling pathways, confirming the above results. Isolated components of the outer capsid proteins, expressed as VP4-VP8* and VP4-VP5* domains, and VP7, activated the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways. Furthermore, psoralen-UV-inactivated RVA and CsCl-purified RVA triple-layered particles triggered activation of the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways, confirming the above results. Our data demonstrate that multistep binding of outer capsid proteins of L-P RVA strains with cell surface receptors phosphorylates PI3K, Akt, and ERK, which in turn directly interact with the subunit E of the V-ATPase to acidify the late endosome for uncoating of RVAs. This study provides a better understanding of the RVA<I>-</I>host interaction during viral uncoating, which is of importance for the development of strategies aiming at controlling or preventing RVA infections.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author summary</B></P><P>Viral particles must transport their genome into the cytoplasm or the nucleus of host cells to initiate successful infection. Knowledge of how viruses may pirate host cell signaling cascades or molecules to promote their own replication can facilitate the development of antiviral drugs. Group A rotavirus (RVA) is a major etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis in young children and the young of various mammals. RVA enters cells by a complex multistep process. However, the cellular signaling cascades or molecules that facilitate these processes are incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that infection with late-penetration RVA strains results in phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and ERK signaling molecules at an early stage of infection, a process mediated by the multistep binding of RVAs outer capsid proteins. Specific inhibitors for PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways trap the viral particles in late endosome, and acidic replenishment restores and releases them. Moreover, the RVA-induced phosphorylated PI3K, Akt, and ERK directly interact with the subunit E of the V-ATPase proton pump, required for endosomal acidification and RVA uncoating. Understanding how RVA-induced early activation of cellular signaling molecules mediates the V-ATPase-dependent endosomal acidification required for uncoating of viral particles opens up opportunities for targeted interventions against rotavirus entry.</P></▼2>

Role of protease inhibitors and acylation stimulating protein in the adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells

Mohamed Mohamed Soliman,Yakut Abdel-Fattah El-Senosi,Maysara Mahmoud Salem,Omniya Mahmoud Abdel Hamid,Kimura Kazuhiro 대한수의학회 2009 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.10 No.3

Treatment of AIDS (HIV) and hepatitis C virus needs protease inhibitors (PI) to prevent viral replication. Uses of PI in therapy are usually associated with a decrease in body weight and dyslipidemia. Acylation stimulating protein (ASP) is a protein synthesized in adipocytes to increase triglycerides biosynthesis, for that the relation of PI and ASP to adipogenesis is tested in this work. ASP expression was increased during 3T3-L1 differentiation and reached a peak at day 8 with cell maturation. Addition of PI during adipocytes differentiation dose dependently and significantly (p < 0.5) inhibited the degree of triglycerides (TG) accumulation. Moreover, presence of ASP (450 ng/mL) in media significantly (p < 0.5) stimulated the degree of TG accumulation and there was additive stimulation for ASP when added with insulin (10 μg/mL). Finally, when ASP in different doses (Low, 16.7; Medium, 45 and High, 450 ng/mL) incubated with a dose of ×150 PI, ASP partially inhibited the PI-inhibited adipogenesis and TG accumulation. The results in this study show that PI inhibit lipids accumulation and confirm role of ASP in TG biosynthesis and adipogenesis.

Rapid exacerbation of renal function after administration of hydroxyethyl starch in a dog

BAE, Junwoo,SOLIMAN, Mahmoud,KIM, Hyunwoo,KANG, Seongwoo,KIM, Woosun,AHN, Soomin,CHO, Kyoungoh,CHOI, Jihye,KIM, Suhee,PARK, Jinho,KIM, Sangki,DO, Yoonjung,YOO, Jaegyu,YU, Dohyeon JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 2017 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.79 No.9

<P>Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) are commonly used synthetic colloidal solution in veterinary medicine. Despite of possible adverse effect to kidney injury in human, there is no report about nephrotoxic effects of HES in dogs. HES was administered to a Golden retriever (4-year-old, intact male) with ascites in order to increase plasma osmolality. Initially, the dog was mild azotemic, however, kidney function was rapidly deteriorated after several days of HES administration. Finally, histopathological examination revealed remarkable osmotic nephrosis. In the case reported herein, acute kidney injury was remarkably developed after HES administration. Clinical and histopathologic findings of acute kidney injury support nephrotoxic effects of HES to a dog.</P>

Protein nanoparticles as natural drugs carriers for cancer therapy

Sara Zaher,Mahmoud E. Soliman,Mahmoud Elsabahy,Rania M. Hathout 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.4

Nanoscale drug carriers are useful in improving the bioavilability, targeting delivery, and controlling the release of the loaded drug. Polymers from natural sources possess favourable properties such as adaptability and safety for usage as nanosized drug delivery carriers and as substitutes of synthetic polymers. The use of a biomaterial imparts special biopharmaceutical characteristics to the formulation and changes the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of the entrapped medication. Proteins appear as promising raw materials in this approach because of their extensive availability from renewable sources, low cost, and ability to be chemically modified, ligand conjugation and degraded into harmless by-products. Furthermore, protein nanocarriers have several benefits, including high drug-binding capability and specific tumour targeting using different ligands. This review discusses the properties of different protein biopolymers such as albumin, gelatin, zein, gliadin, casein, collagen, elastin and whey protein. The study focuses on the most relevant applications of the protein nanoparticles loading agents with antitumeric effect. Furthermore, the review summarises the primary findings of tumour-targeted protein nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo studies.

Polysaccharide-based platforms for nasal delivery: design, features, and perspectives

Elmowafy Enas,Soliman Mahmoud E. 한국약제학회 2023 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.53 No.5

Background Polysaccharides acceded by the Food and Drug Administration are among the most exploitable polymers for fabricating nasally applied vehicles containing therapeutically active molecules. Such delineation can revolutionize brain targeting, localized or systemic prospects, and improve immunity, including anti-SARS-CoV-2. Their successful implementation relies on their biocompatibility, biodegradability, muco-adhesion and penetration enhancement, and targetability traits. Area covered This review highlights the utilization of various polysaccharides as integral components in formulating nasally deliverable platforms, including nanoparticles, microparticles, in situ gels, and nasal inserts. Data from earlier works were considered to summarize the source and features of polysaccharides, derivatization, and the outcomes of the delivery systems in the nasal delivery arena. Moreover, we highlighted the potential fabrication of carriers based on compositionally modified surfaces using polysaccharides or hybrid complex formation, and their assay and outcomes. Issues related to large-scale production and efficacy in clinical practice were addressed. Expert opinion Current advances in polysaccharide-based vehiculation for nasal applications is highly satisfying and could have promising preclinical prospects. Based on their abundance, safety, delivery to the desired site, and applicable dose, these delivery platforms must be studied further. Specifically, ongoing efforts to design nasal vaccines to address the continuously emerging respiratory viruses requires thorough understanding of storage conditions and toxicological profiles. The price of medical devices and clinical approval measures must also be considered. Collectively, more extensive research is required to improve the clinical translation and commercialization of these polymers.

New CMOS Fully Differential Transconductor and Application to a Fully Differential Gm-C Filter

Mohamed Omran Shaker,Soliman A Mahmoud,Ahmed M Soliman 한국전자통신연구원 2006 ETRI Journal Vol.28 No.2

A new CMOS voltage-controlled fully-differential transconductor is presented. The basic structure of the proposed transconductor is based on a four-MOS transistor cell operating in the triode or saturation region. It achieves a high linearity range of ± 1 V at a 1.5 V supply voltage. The proposed transconductor is used to realize a new fully-differential Gm-C low-pass filter with a minimum number of transconductors and grounded capacitors. PSpice simulation results for the transconductor circuit and its filter application indicating the linearity range and verifying the analytical results using 0.35 μm technology are also given.

Ethnobotanical importance of the endemic taxa in the Egyptian flora

El-Khalafy Mohamed Mahmoud,Ahmed Dalia Abd El-Azeem,Shaltout Kamal Hussein,Haroun Soliman Abdelfattah,Al-Sodany Yassin Mohamed 한국생태학회 2023 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.47 No.3

Background: Endemic species are important components in the flora of most world regions. Most of these species have become threatened and exposed to extinction within the last few years. The present study aims to evaluate the ecosystem services offered by the endemic plant taxa in Egypt and the threats that affect them. Twenty-five field visits were conducted during summer 2018 to spring 2022 to several locations all over Egypt. In each location, the main habitats, national distribution, abundance, goods and threats were recorded. Results: Egypt has 41 endemic taxa belonging to 36 genera and 20 families inhabiting 10 main habitats. Rocky surfaces and sandy formations have the highest number of endemic species. The relation between the number of endemic taxa and the abundance categories indicated that 2 taxa are rare (4.9% of the total taxa), while the remaining were very rare (95%). The most represented offered good was the medicinal uses (32 taxa = 78%), while fuel plants were only represented by 2 taxa (2 taxa = 4.9%). Besides, 14 taxa (34.1% of the total studied taxa) have at least 1 environmental service. Soil fertility (7 taxa = 50%) was the most represented, followed by sand accumulations (6 taxa out of 14 taxa = 43%), while shading plant was the least (1 taxon = 7.1%) (Rosa arabica). The most represented threat is over-cutting and over-collecting (38 taxa = 92.7%), while mining and quarrying is the least represented (4 taxa = 9.8%). Conclusions: The potential and actual goods, services and threats of the endemic taxa were assessed as follows; field observation, information collected from local inhabitants and herbalists, and a literature review. The present study recommended planning a strategy about the importance, threats and conservation of endemic taxa in Egypt that would help in the protection and rescue of these plants and increase awareness about the importance of these plants.