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Lee, Inhwa,Noh, Jonghyeon,Lee, Jung-Yong,Kim, Taek-Soo American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.42
<P>Here, we demonstrate the cooptimization of the interfacial fracture energy and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of poly[N-9'-heptadecany1-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT)-based organic solar cells (OSCs) by surface treatments of the buffer layer. The investigated surface treatments of the buffer layer simultaneously changed the crack path and interfacial fracture energy of OSCs under mechanical stress and the work function of the buffer layer. To investigate the effects of surface treatments, the work of adhesion values were calculated and matched with the experimental results based on the Owens-Wendt model. Subsequently, we fabricated OSCs on surface treated buffer layers. In particular, ZnO layers treated with poly[(9,9-bis(3'-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7(9,9-dioctylfluorene)] (PFN) simultaneously satisfied the high mechanical reliability and PCE of OSCs by achieving high work of adhesion and optimized work function.</P>
Wearable Textile Battery Rechargeable by Solar Energy
Lee, Yong-Hee,Kim, Joo-Seong,Noh, Jonghyeon,Lee, Inhwa,Kim, Hyeong Jun,Choi, Sunghun,Seo, Jeongmin,Jeon, Seokwoo,Kim, Taek-Soo,Lee, Jung-Yong,Choi, Jang Wook American Chemical Society 2013 Nano letters Vol.13 No.11
<P>Wearable electronics represent a significant paradigm shift in consumer electronics since they eliminate the necessity for separate carriage of devices. In particular, integration of flexible electronic devices with clothes, glasses, watches, and skin will bring new opportunities beyond what can be imagined by current inflexible counterparts. Although considerable progresses have been seen for wearable electronics, lithium rechargeable batteries, the power sources of the devices, do not keep pace with such progresses due to tenuous mechanical stabilities, causing them to remain as the limiting elements in the entire technology. Herein, we revisit the key components of the battery (current collector, binder, and separator) and replace them with the materials that support robust mechanical endurance of the battery. The final full-cells in the forms of clothes and watchstraps exhibited comparable electrochemical performance to those of conventional metal foil-based cells even under severe folding–unfolding motions simulating actual wearing conditions. Furthermore, the wearable textile battery was integrated with flexible and lightweight solar cells on the battery pouch to enable convenient solar-charging capabilities.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2013/nalefd.2013.13.issue-11/nl403860k/production/images/medium/nl-2013-03860k_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl403860k'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Lee, Jeong-Won,Jeong, Jonghyeon,Yoo, Donghyeon,Lee, Kwangseok,Lee, Seoulmin,Kim, Dong Sung,Sim, Jae-Yoon,Hwang, Woonbong Elsevier 2019 Nano energy Vol.56 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Numerous investigations into the application of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) to daily life have been reported to date. Among the many types of TENGs, the rotation type TENG is extensively utilized because of its simple driving mechanism, high sustainability, and high energy performance. Finding an energy source and determining how to convert the energy source into rotational power are the most pertinent issues with regard to rotation type TENGs. We have developed a high performance rotation type TENG combined with a pump drill, which is one of the best inventions from ancient times. Owing to its simple structure and conversion of low-speed pumping to high-speed rotation, the pump drill has been widely used for making fire. Therefore, through the fabrication of a pump drill-integrated TENG (PDTENG), we have also successfully demonstrated the use of a PDTENG to operate measuring devices. Additionally, we have identified for the first time that the friction force increases due to electrostatic induction while the TENG is in operation, through a torque measuring experiment. This phenomenon only appears when the electrodes are connected, and electrons are flowing through the wires. The required torque for rotating the TENG shows a decreasing tendency as the rotation speed increases. This result is an important consideration, not only for rotation type TENGs, but for all sliding motion based TENGs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A TENG combined with pump drill (PDTENG) was successfully developed. </LI> <LI> The simple PDTENG structure converts slow pumping motion into fast rotation motion. </LI> <LI> The composite energy output waveform of the PDTENG was measured and analyzed. </LI> <LI> Increase in friction force due to the electrostatic attraction was identified. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
THE CHROMATIC POLYNOMIAL FOR CYCLE GRAPHS
Lee, Jonghyeon,Shin, Heesung The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2019 한국수학논문집 Vol.27 No.2
Let $P(G,{\lambda})$ denote the number of proper vertex colorings of G with ${\lambda}$ colors. The chromatic polynomial $P(C_n,{\lambda})$ for the cycle graph $C_n$ is well-known as $$P(C_n,{\lambda})=({\lambda}-1)^n+(-1)^n({\lambda}-1)$$ for all positive integers $n{\geq}1$. Also its inductive proof is widely well-known by the deletion-contraction recurrence. In this paper, we give this inductive proof again and three other proofs of this formula of the chromatic polynomial for the cycle graph $C_n$.
Syntactic reanalysis and lingering misinterpretations in L2 sentence processing
Jonghyeon Lee,Jeong-Ah Shin 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2016 언어연구 Vol.33 No.S
Readers often misinterpret sentences and reanalyze them, but their initial misinterpretations sometimes linger even after they finish reading the sentences. This lingering effect has been argued as evidence that comprehenders create interpretations to some extent that it seems “good enough” for them to understand the meaning (Christianson, Hollingworth, Halliwell, and Ferreira 2001). This study examined L2 learners’ processing of garden path sentences, investigating whether they show a lingering effect as L1 speakers do by employing the gender mismatch paradigm (Sturt 2003). In the self-paced reading experiment, participants read garden path sentences such as While Mary washed the boxer who was tall coughed and warmed herself with a blanket. If participants correctly rule out an initial misinterpretation from the temporary ambiguity, the reflexive herself would create a gender mismatch effect (i.e., reading times are slowed in the gender mismatch condition). After reading the sentences, participants were asked to answer follow-up comprehension questions such as Did Mary wash the boxer? The results showed that L2 learners were able to notice the temporary local ambiguity in a sentence and reanalyze the structure as L1 readers do. However, the rate of accurate responses for comprehension questions was significantly lower in the ambiguous condition than in the unambiguous condition, indicating that the L2 learners’ initial misinterpretations lingered. L2 learners do not seem to lack detailed syntactic representation, and their lingering misinterpretation could be explained by the good enough approach as for L1 readers. Participants eventually recovered from the garden path, showing the gender mismatch effect, but their global comprehension was significantly influenced by the initial misinterpretation, since they gave more incorrect answers when they read garden path sentences.
LEE, Mijin,YU, Dohyeon,YOON, Jiseon,LI, Yinghua,LEE, Jonghyeon,PARK, Jinho Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2009 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.71 No.1
<P>Both ehrlichioses and anaplasmoses are zoonotic, fatal infectious diseases that caused by ticks. White-tailed deer (<I>Odocoileus virginianus</I>) are important hosts for <I>Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum</I> and <I>Anaplasma</I>-like organisms. In the present study, an evaluation of infection with tick-borne pathogens was conducted using a PCR assay on the blood of a deer that expressed anorexia and decreased activity. The results of the PCR assay revealed natural co-infection of <I>E. chaffeensis</I> and <I>A. bovis</I> in the deer. This indicates that deer may be a natural reservoir of both <I>E. chaffeensis</I> and <I>A. bovis</I> in South Korea.</P>
온도와 이온농도의 변화에 대한 바나듐 레독스 플로우 배터리의 방전 효율에 관한 수치해석
이종현(Jonghyeon Lee),박희성(Heesung Park) 대한기계학회 2016 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.40 No.12
본 연구는 화학종을 포함한 반응을 위해 종합적인 보존법칙과 운동학적 모델을 사용하여 수치해석을 진행하였다. 삼차원 형상으로 전극 전위, 바나듐 이온농도, 과전압 그리고 저항손실을 계산하였다. 셀의 온도, 초기 바나듐 이온농도를 변수로 설정하고 각 변수에 따른 전압과 손실을 계산하였다. 계산된 양극, 음극에서의 과전압과 전해액 상의 저항 손실을 통해 각각의 변수가 바나듐 레독스 플로우 배터리의 전기화학적 성능에 미치는 영향을 수치해석적으로 예측하고 분석하였다. 셀의 온도가 20 ℃에서 80 ℃로 증가되면 전압효율은 89.34%에서 87.29%로 2.05% 감소한다. 바나듐 농도가 1500㏖/㎥에서 3000㏖/㎥으로 증가되면 전압효율은 88.65%에서 89.25%로 0.6% 상승하였다. In this study, a numerical simulation of a vanadium redox flow battery was investigated for reactions involving an electrochemical species using comprehensive conservation laws and a kinetic model. For a 3-D geometry of the cell, the distributions of electric potential, vanadium concentration, overpotential, and ohmic loss were calculated. The cell temperature and initial vanadium ion concentration were set as variables. The voltage and electrochemical loss were calculated for each variable. The effects of each variable"s impact on the electrochemical performance of a vanadium redox flow battery was numerically analyzed using the calculated overpotential in the electrode and the ohmic loss in the electrolyte phase. The cell temperature increased from 20℃ to 80 ℃ when the voltage efficiency decreased from 89.34% to 87.29%. The voltage efficiency increased from 88.65% to 89.25% when the vanadium concentration was changed from 1500 ㏖/㎥ to 3000 ㏖/㎥.