Outcomes Based on Risk Assessment of Anastomotic Leakage after Rectal Cancer Surgery

Gong, Jian-Ping,Yang, Liu,Huang, Xin-En,Sun, Bei-Cheng,Zhou, Jian-Nong,Yu, Dong-Sheng,Zhou, Xin,Li, Dong-Zheng,Guan, Xin,Wang, Dong-Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, high reoperation rates, and increased hospital length of stay. Here we investigated the risk factors for AL after anterior resection for rectal cancer with a double stapling technique. Patients and Methods: Data for 460 patients who underwent primary anterior resection with a double stapling technique for rectal carcinoma at a single institution from 2003 to 2007 were prospectively collected. All patients experienced a total mesorectal excision (TME) operation. Clinical AL was defined as the presence of leakage signs and confirmed by diagnostic work-up according to ICD-9 codes 997.4, 567.22 (abdominopelvic abscess), and 569.81 (fistula of the intestine). Univariate and logistic regression analyses of 20 variables were undertaken to determine risk factors for AL. Survival was analysed using the Cox regression method. Results: AL was noted in 35 (7.6%) of 460 patients with rectal cancer. :Median age of the patients was 65 (50-74) and 161 (35%) were male. The diagnosis of AL was made between the 6th and 12th postoperative day (POD; mean 8th POD). After univariate and multivariate analysis, age (p=0.004), gender (p=0.007), tumor site (p<0.001), preoperative body mass index (EMI) (p<0.001), the reduction of TSGF on 5th POD less than 10U/ml (p=0.044) and the pH value of pelvic dranage less than or equal to 6.978 on 3rd POD (p<0.001) were selected as 6 independent risk factors for AL. It was shown that significant differences in survival of the patients were AL-related (p<0.001), high ASA score related (p=0.036), high-level EMI related (p=0.007) and advanced TNM stage related <p<0.001). Conclusions: AL after anterior resection for rectal carcinoma is related to advanced age, low tumor site, male sex, high preoperative EMI, low pH value of pelvic drainage on POD 3 and a significant reduction of TSGF on POD 5. In addition to their high risk of immediate postoperative morbidity and mortality, AL, worse physical status, severe obesity and advanced TNM stage have similarly negative impact on survival.

DEARER: A Distance-and-Energy-Aware Routing With Energy Reservation for Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks

Dong, Yunquan,Wang, Jian,Shim, Byonghyo,Kim, Dong In IEEE 2016 IEEE journal on selected areas in communications Vol.34 No.12

<P>We consider cluster-based routing protocols for energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. Since the energy harvesting process does not match the real energy demand, sensor nodes suffer from occasional energy shortages, especially when they serve as cluster head (CH) nodes. To address this problem, we propose a cluster-based routing protocol referred to as distance-and-energy-aware routing with energy reservation (DEARER). The DEARER protocol encourages nodes with high energy-arrival rate or being close to the sink to serve as CH nodes. Also, DEARER allows non-CH nodes to reserve a portion of the harvested energy for future use. In doing so, the DEARER selects 'enabler' nodes as CH nodes and provides them with more energy, thereby mitigating the energy shortage events at CH nodes. By theoretical analysis and numerical experiments, we demonstrate that the DEARER protocol outperforms direct transmission and also approaches the genie-aided routing, where CH nodes are selected based on the real-time energy information of each node.</P>

Influence of Controlled- and Uncontrolled-pH Operations on Recombinant Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase Production in Escherichia coli

Jian Dong Cui,Gui Xia Zhao,Ya Nan Zhang,Shi Ru Jia 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.4

Effects of controlled- and uncontrolled-pH operations on phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) production by a recombinant Escherichia coli strain were investigated at uncontrolled-pH (pHUC) and controlled-pH (pHC) of 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, and 8.5 in bioreactor systems. The results showed that the recombinant PAL activity was improved significantly by controlled pH strategy. Among the pHC operations, the highest PAL activities were obtained under pHC 7.5 strategy where cell mass (OD600 ㎚) and PAL activity was 1.3 and 1.8 fold higher than those of pHUC, respectively. The maximum PAL activity reached 123 U/g. The pHC 7.5 strategy made recombinant plasmid more stable and therefore allowed easier expression of PAL recombinant plasmid, which increased PAL production. It was indicated that the new approach (controlled-pH strategy) obtained in this work possessed a high potential for the industrial production of PAL, especially in the biosynthesis of Lphenylalanine.

Isolation, Identification, and Performance Studies of a Novel Paraffin-degrading Bacterium of Gordonia amicalis LH3

Dong-Hui Hao,Xin Song,Jian-Qiang Lin,Yu-Jie Su,Yin-Bo Qu,Jian-Qun Lin 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.1

In this study, we describe the isolation and identification of a novel long-chain n-alkane degrading strain, Gordonia amicalis LH3. Under aerobic conditions, it utilized approximately 18.0% of paraffin (2% w/v) after 10 day of incubation, and the paraffin compositions of C18C24 alkalines were utilized preferentially. Under anaerobic conditions, paraffin utilization was approximately 1/8 that seen under aerobic conditions, and the compositions of C34 and C36 alkalines were utilized preferentially. The effects of salinity, temperature, and biosurfactants on paraffin degradation were also evaluated. The strain was also demonstrated to grow on oil, and decreased oil viscosity by 44.7% and degraded oil by 10.4% under aerobic conditions. Our results indicated that G. amicalis LH3 has potential applications in paraffin control, microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR), and the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted environments.

Isolation and Preliminary Identification of a Novel Microorganism Producing Aspartame from Soil Samples

Jian Dong Cui,Ya Nan Zhang,Gui Xia Zhao,Shi Ru Jia,Guo Qun Zhao,Si Zhang,Jun Lu 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.2

To develop a new method for producing aspartame (APM), a simple and efficient strategy for the isolation of certain microorganisms producing APM from soil samples was designed. A newly strain with secreting certain specific dipeptidase to directly synthesize APM from the substrates of L-aspartic acid (L-Asp) and Lphenylalanine methyl ester (L-PM) without protection for amino acid side chains was screened from soil samples. APM concentration in reaction mixture was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), yield reached 0.015 g/L. Examination of the general morphological characteristics and data from the sequence analysis of the rDNA-ITS gene led to identification of the isolate as a strain of fungal endophyte spp. The newly isolated strain had a high potential for application in industrial processes for APM production. In particular, this new method was low cost for synthesis of APM during the reaction due to avoiding protection for amino acid side chains and optical resolution of the mixtures. As we known it, this is first report that a newly strain with a high potential for selective synthesis of the APM was isolated from soil.

Optimization of Medium on Exopolysaccharides Production in Submerged Culture of Cordyceps militaris

Jian-Dong Cui,Shi-Ru Jia 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.6

Statistical experimental design strategy (SES) was applied to optimize the medium for the exopolysaccharides (EPS) production of Cordyceps militaris by submerged culture in shaker flask. A significant influence of the glucose and peptone on the EPS production was first evaluated by using a Plackett-Buman design. Then,steepest ascent method was employed to approach the experimental design space. Last, these factors were further optimized using central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). A quadratic model was found to fit the EPS production. The optimum values of the tested variables for the production of EPS were 48.67 g/L glucose, 12.56 g/L peptone, 1 g/L KH2PO4, 10 g/L yeast extract, and 0.5 g/L MgSO4·7H2O. Under optimization of culture conditions, the EPS production was enhanced from 0.78 to 1.96 g/L. In comparison with that of original culture conditions, 2.5 fold increase was obtained.

Optimal culture condition for the production of phenyalanine ammonia lyase from E. coli

Jian-dong Cui,Yan Li 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.2

The effects of culturing conditions on phenylalanine ammonia lyase production by a recombinant E. coli strain were investigated by using a controlled fed-batch fermentation system. In a 5 L fermentor, the optimal composition of the batch medium was 2% glucose, 1% yeast extract, 0.7% K2HPO4, 0.8% KH2PO4, 0.5% (NH4)2SO4, 0.1% MgSO4·7H2O. The optimal feed glucose solution was 50%. Glucose concentration and pH of the culture broth were maintained at about 2.0 g/L and 7.0 during the fed-batch phase, respectively. Following 24-h cultivation, 0.2 mmol/L isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) was added and temperature was shifted from 37 oC to 42 oC to induce pal gene expression. Under optimal conditions, a high productivity of 300 U/g could be achieved after 48 h culture, and a cell density of OD600 about 82 was obtained at 52 h culture at 500 r/m stirrer speed and 1 vvm, respectively.

SYNTHESIS OF YTTRIA-STABILIZED CUBIC ZIRCONIA NANOCRYSTALS BY ULTRASONIC–MICROWAVE ROUTE

JIAN-DONG WANG,CHONG-XIAO LUO,YI LU,GUANG-MING LI,JIN-KU LIU 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2010 NANO Vol.5 No.5

The yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanocrystals with uniform size, high purity, and high degree of crystallinity, were prepared by ultrasonic–microwave-assisted method. The structure, optical properties and morphologies of YSZ nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, UV–vis absorption, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The SEM and TEM images of the YSZ nanocrystals indicate that the product is a mono-dispersion structure with an average particle size of about 25 nm.

Enhanced Activity of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase in Permeabilised Recombinant E. coli by Response Surface Method

Jian-dong Cui,Yan Li,Shi Ru Jia 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.2

To improve phenylalanine ammonia lyase (E.C.4.3.1.5-PAL) activity in recombinant Escherichia coli, Some approaches for improving phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in recombinant E. coli were developed following preliminary studies by means of response surface method. The results shown that permeabilization with combination of Triton X-100, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), and acetone enriched cellular recombinant PAL activity significantly, which improved over 10-fold as compared with the control (untreat cell), as high as 181.37 U/g. The optimum values for the tested variables were Triton X-100 0.108 g/ℓ, CTAB 0.15 g/ℓ, and acetone 45.2%(v/v). Furthermore, a second-order model equation was suggested and then validated experimentally. It was indicated that addition of surfactants and organic solvents made the cells more permeable and therefore allowed easier access of the substrate to the enzyme and excretion of the product, which increased the rate of transport of L-phenylalanine and trans-cinnamic acids. These improved methods of PAL activity enrichment could serve as a rich enzyme source, especially in the biosynthesis of L-phenylalanine.

Optimization of medium for phenylalanine ammonia lyase production in E. coli using response surface methodology

Jian-Dong Cui 한국화학공학회 2010 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.27 No.1

A culture medium for phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) production in E. coli was developed following preliminary studies by means of response surface methodology (RSM). The medium components having significant effect on the production were first identified by using a fractional factorial design. Then, central composite design (CCD)was used to optimize the medium constituents and explain the combined effects of four medium constituents: glucose,yeast extract, (NH4)2HPO4 and MgSO4. A quadratic model was found to fit the PAL production. CCD revealed that the optimum values of the test variables for PAL production were glucose 28.2 g/L, yeast extract 5.01 g/L, (NH4)2HPO47.02 g/L and MgSO4 1.5 g/L. PAL production of 62.85 U/g, which was in agreement with the prediction, was observed in the verification experiment. In comparison to the production of basal medium, 1.8-fold increase was obtained.