Fisetin inhibits the activities of cyclin-dependent kinases leading to cell cycle arrest in HT-29 human colon cancer cells.

Lu, Xianghua,Jung, Jae in,Cho, Han Jin,Lim, Do Young,Lee, Hyun Sook,Chun, Hyang Sook,Kwon, Dae Young,Park, Jung Han Yoon Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology 2005 The Journal of nutrition Vol.135 No.12

<P>Fisetin, a natural flavonol present in edible vegetables, fruits, and wine, was reported to exert anticarcinogenic effects. The objective of the current study was to examine the effect of fisetin on the cell cycle progression of the human colon cancer cell line HT-29. HT-29 cells were cultured in serum-free medium with 0, 20, 40, or 60 micromol/L fisetin. Fisetin dose dependently inhibited both cell growth and DNA synthesis (P < 0.05), with a 79 +/- 1% decrease in cell number observed 72 h after the addition of 60 micromol/L fisetin. Perturbed cell cycle progression from the G(1) to S phase was observed at 8 h with 60 micromol/L fisetin treatment, whereas a G(2)/M phase arrest was observed after 24 h (P < 0.05). The phosphorylation state of the retinoblastoma proteins shifted from hyperphosphorylated to hypophosphorylated in cells treated with 40 micromol/L fisetin. (P < 0.05). Fisetin decreased the activities of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)2 and CDK4; these effects were likely attributable to decreases in the levels of cyclin E and D1 and an increase in p21(CIP1/WAF1) levels (P < 0.05). However, fisetin also inhibited CDk4 activity in a cell-free system (P < 0.05), indicating that it may directly inhibit CDk4 activity. The protein levels of cell division cycles (CDC)2 and CDC25C and the activity of CDC2 were also decreased in fisetin-treated cells (P < 0.05). These results indicate that inhibition of cell cycle progression in HT-29 cells after treatment with fisetin can be explained, at least in part, by modification of CDK activities.</P>

Evolution of Packing Parameters in the Structural Changes of Silica Mesoporous Crystals: Cage-Type, 2D Cylindrical, Bicontinuous Diamond and Gyroid, and Lamellar

Han, Lu,Miyasaka, Keiichi,Terasaki, Osamu,Che, Shunai American Chemical Society 2011 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.133 No.30

<P>Cage-type, two-dimensional (2D) cylindrical hexagonal (<B>C</B>), bicontinuous diamond (<B>D</B>), bicontinuous gyroid (<B>G</B>), and one-dimensional (1D) lamellar (<B>L</B>) structures of silica mesoporous crystals (SMCs) were obtained by using the anionic surfactant <I>N</I>-stearoyl-<SMALL>l</SMALL>-glutamic acid (C<SUB>18</SUB>GluA) as a template in the presence of the nonionic surfactant C<SUB>16</SUB>(EO)<SUB>10</SUB> (Brij-56). The mesostructures were controlled by the organic/inorganic interface curvature change induced by Brij-56. A synthesis-field diagram showed that the mesostructure changed in the sequence cage-type → <B>C</B> → intergrowth of <B>C</B> and <B>D</B> → intergrowth of <B>C</B> and <B>G</B> → <B>D</B> → <B>G</B> → <B>L</B> with increase of the amount of Brij-56. Mixed micelles were formed by the anionic and nonionic surfactants, the packing parameter <I>g</I> of which increased with increasing the addition amount of nonionic surfactant and the reaction temperature. The local <I>g</I> parameter was obtained from electron crystallography reconstruction results by calculating mean curvatures and Gaussian curvatures from the equi-electrostatic potential surface. The intergrowth of <B>C</B> and <B>D</B> and two kinds of intergrowth of <B>C</B> and <B>G</B> are also discussed.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2011/jacsat.2011.133.issue-30/ja200683t/production/images/medium/ja-2011-00683t_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja200683t'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Testing Cost Inefficiency under Free Entry in the Real Estate Brokerage Industry

Lu Han,Seung-Hyun Hong 한국계량경제학회 2009 한국계량경제학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.2

In this article we provide an empirical framework to study entry and cost inefficiency in the real estate brokerage industry. Building upon recent empirical work on games of incomplete information, we develop an equilibrium model that incorporates unique features of this industry. Using individual-level data on entry and revenues, we estimate our entry model to recover the cost function. Based on estimated costs, we directly test for cost inefficiency due to free entry and find evidence for a loss of economies of scale and wasteful non-price competition. We further use the estimated model to evaluate welfare implications of prohibiting rebates on commissions. We find that rebate bans are welfare-reducing, not only because they discourage price competition, but also because they encourage excessive entry. In particular, removing these rebate bans would decrease the equilibrium number of realtors by 7.2% and reduce total variable costs by 4.1%.

Carboxylic group functionalized ordered mesoporous silicas

Han, Lu,Terasaki, Osamu,Che, Shunai Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.21 No.30

<P>Many research efforts have focused on the synthesis of organic and inorganic hybrid ordered mesoporous silicas (MSs) with functionalization of the exterior and/or interior surfaces aiming for applications in separation, adsorption, catalysis, drug delivery, and nanotechnology. Among the organic groups, the carboxylic group is a particularly useful reactive group for many applications. This article provides a brief overview of the carboxylic group functionalized MSs and the recent progress in synthetic strategies and applications have been reviewed.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>This article highlights the recent progress in the synthetic strategies and applications of ordered mesoporous silicas functionalized with carboxylic groups. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1jm10561b'> </P>

Methylation Status of Transcriptional Modulatory Genes Associated with Colorectal Cancer in Northeast China

Han-Lu Gao,Xuan Wang,Hong-Ru Sun,Jun-De Zhou,Shang-Qun Lin,Yu-Hang Xing,Lin Zhu,Hai-Bo Zhou,Ya-Shuang Zhao,Qiang Chi,Yu-Peng Liu 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2018 Gut and Liver Vol.12 No.2

Background/Aims: Methylation status plays a causal role in carcinogenesis in targeted tissues. However, the relationship between the DNA methylation status of multiple genes in blood leukocytes and colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility as well as interactions between dietary factors and CRC risks are unclear. Methods: We performed a case-control study with 466 CRC patients and 507 cancer-free controls to investigate the association among the methylation status of individual genes, multiple CpG site methylation (MCSM), multiple CpG site heterogeneous methylation and CRC susceptibility. Peripheral blood DNA methylation levels were detected by performing methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting. Results: Total heterogeneous methylation of CA10 and WT1 conferred a significantly higher risk of CRC (adjusted odds ratio [ORadjusted], 5.445; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.075 to 9.643; ORadjusted, 1.831; 95% CI, 1.100 to 3.047; respectively). Subjects with high-level MCSM (MCSM-H) status demonstrated a higher risk of CRC (ORadjusted, 4.318; 95% CI, 1.529 to 12.197). Additionally, interactions between the high-level intake of fruit and CRH, WT1, and MCSM on CRC were statistically significant. Conclusions: The gene methylation status of blood leukocytes may be associated with CRC risk. MCSM-H of blood leukocytes was associated with CRC, especially in younger people. Some dietary factors may affect hypermethylation status and influence susceptibility to CRC.

Expression of GA733-Fc Fusion Protein as a Vaccine Candidate for Colorectal Cancer in Transgenic Plants

Lu, Zhe,Lee, Kyung-Jin,Shao, Yingxue,Lee, Jeong-Hwan,So, Yangkang,Choo, Young-Kug,Oh, Doo-Byoung,Hwang, Kyung-A,Oh, Seung Han,Han, Yeon Soo,Ko, Kisung Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology Vol.2012 No.-

<P>The tumor-associated antigen GA733 is a cell-surface glycoprotein highly expressed in colorectal carcinomas. In this study, 3 recombinant genes were constructed as follows: GA733 tagged to the ER retention sequence KDEL (GA733K), GA733 fused to the immunoglobulin Fc fragment (GA733-Fc), and GA733-Fc fused to the ER retention sequence (GA733-FcK). <I>Agrobacterium</I>-mediated transformation was used to generate transgenic plants expressing recombinant genes. The presence of transgenes was confirmed by genomic PCR. Western blot, confocal immunofluorescence, and sandwich ELISA showed the expression of recombinant proteins. The stability, flexibility, and bioactivity of recombinant proteins were analyzed and demonstrated through N-glycosylation analysis, animal trials, and sera ELISA. Our results suggest that the KDEL retained proteins in ER with oligomannose glycan structure and enhanced protein accumulation level. The sera of mice immunized with GA733-FcK purified from plants contained immunoglobulins which were at least as efficient as the mammalian-derived GA733-Fc at recognizing human colorectal cancer cell lines. Thus, a plant system can be used to express the KDEL fusion protein with oligomannose glycosylation, and this protein induces an immune response which is comparable to non-KDEL-tagged, mammalian-derived proteins.</P>

Semi-supervised Multi-view Manifold Discriminant Intact Space Learning

( Lu Han ),( Fei Wu ),( Xiao-yuan Jing ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.9

Semi-supervised multi-view latent space learning is gaining considerable popularity recently in many machine learning applications due to the high cost and difficulty to obtain the large amount of label information of data. Although some semi-supervised multi-view latent space learning methods have been presented, there is still much space for improvement: 1) How to learn latent discriminant intact feature representations by employing data of multiple views; 2) How to exploit the manifold structure of both labeled and unlabeled point in the learned latent intact space effectively. To address the above issues, we propose an approach called semi-supervised multi-view manifold discriminant intact space learning (SM2DIS) for image classification in this paper. SM2DIS aims to seek a manifold discriminant intact space for data of different views by making use of both the discriminant information of labeled data and the manifold structure of both labeled and unlabeled data. Experimental results on MNIST, COIL-20, Multi-PIE, and Caltech-101 databases demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed approach.

<i>Plasmodium ovale curtisi</i> and <i>Plasmodium ovale wallikeri</i> in Chinese travelers: Prevalence of novel genotypes of circumsporozoite protein in the African continent

Lu, Feng,Ahmed, Md Atique,Xu, Simin,Xu, Sui,Han, Jin-Hee,Liu, Qianyan,Chen, Jing,Zhu, Guoding,Zhou, Huayun,Cao, Jun,Han, Eun-Taek ELSEVIER 2019 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.70 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Imported malaria due to <I>Plasmodium ovale curtisi</I> and <I>P</I>. <I>ovale wallikeri</I> infections from African countries has increased recently (2011–2014) in Chinese travelers. We report novel genotypes, their prevalence and the predominant haplotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale curtisi</I> and <I>P</I>. <I>ovale wallikeri</I> circumsporozoite protein (CSP) from 20 African countries in Chinese travelers. These genotypes should be considered while designing a CSP-based vaccine against <I>P</I>. <I>ovale</I> malaria.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This is the first to report the <I>csp</I> genotypes and their heterogeneity for <I>P. ovale curtisi</I> and <I>P. ovale wallikeri</I> parasites from African countries. </LI> <LI> Ten <I>csp</I> genotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale curtisi</I> and 13 <I>csp</I> genotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale wallikeri</I> based on the arrangement of central repeat motifs were found. </LI> <LI> Fifteen <I>csp</I> haplotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale curtisi</I> and 10 <I>csp</I> haplotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale wallikeri</I> on central repeat motifs were identified. </LI> <LI> These genotypes should be considered while designing a CSP-based vaccine against <I>P</I>. <I>ovale</I> malaria. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

어포던스 이론이 적용된 GUI 디자인 제언에 관한 연구

루한이(Han-Yi Lu),서한석(Han-Sok Seo) 한국콘텐츠학회 2018 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.18 No.11

모바일 GUI 디자인은 직관적인 인식 효과를 강조하던 디자인 경향에서 자연스럽게 유저 행위를 유도할 수 있는 어포던스 디자인 경향으로 변화하고 있다. 그러나 현재 어포던스는 GUI 디자인 분야에서 단순히 부분적인 디자인 요소로 밖에 활용되지 못하고 있어, 효과적인 디자인을 실현하지 못 하는 실정이다. 또한 현재 어포던스 디자인의 개념에 대해 다양한 논쟁이 벌어지고 있으며, 명확한 정의가 내려지지 못하고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 선행 연구 속 어포던스의 개념과 유형에 대한 고찰을 통해 어포던스에 대하여 새롭게 정의를 내려보고자 하였다. 또한 어포던스의 유형에 대한 설문을 통해 SNS 앱 GUI 디자인에 대한 설문조사를 진행하였다. 설문조사 결과를 통해 GUI 디자인의 어포던스에 대한 평가와 SNS 앱, GUI 디자인에 대한 비교 분석 결과를 도출하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 심층인터뷰를 활용하여 어포던스 측면에 효과적으로 활용할 수 있는 GUI 디자인에 대해 제안을 제시하고자 한다. Mobile GUI design is changing from an existing design that emphasizes intuitive cognitive effects to an affordance design that naturally triggers users’ behaviors. However, in the GUI design, the current affordance only uses some partial design elements and cannot achieve effective design,and the concept of affordance design still has confusion and uncertainty. For this reason, this paper redefines affordance by examining the concepts and types of it in the pre-research. In addition,through questioning the type of affordance, a questionnaire was designed for the GUI elements of social software. According to the results of the survey, the evaluation of the affordance of the GUI design elements was derived, and the GUI design of the social software was compared and analyzed. Then according to the deep interviews, a GUI design proposal that can effectively use affordance was proposed.

후카사와 나오토 Without Thought 디자인 이념의 원칙 도출에 관한 연구

루한이(Han-Yi Lu),서한석(Han-Sok Seo) 한국콘텐츠학회 2019 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.19 No.3

현재 디자인 연구 분야에서는 후카사와 나오토가 제시한 “Without Thought” 디자인에 대한 체계적인 연구가 부족한 실정이며 어포던스(Affordance)의 개념과 혼동되어 사용하는 경우도 많이 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 후카사와 나오토의 Without Thought 디자인 이념 및 이와 관련 있는 무의식 이론을 바탕으로 Without Thought의 개념을 정의하고자 한다. Without Thought는 사용자와 불건 간의 무의식적인 인터렉션을 완성시키며 사용자에게 “적절하다”는 느낌을 받도록 하는 디자인 이념이라고 할 수 있다. 또한, 후카사와 나오토의 저서, 논문, 연설, 작품 및 관련 문헌을 고찰하고 분석하여 “행위의 연속성, 의미의 명확 성, 인지의 공통성, 생활상황을 위한 디자인, 자연적인 수요를 위한 디자인” 5개의 Without Thought 디자인 원칙을 도출하였다. 본 논문은 Without Thought의 개념을 체계적으로 정의하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다. 또한, Without Thought 개념을 활용하는 디자인 프로세스 개발의 기초 연구 자료가 될 것으로도 기대가 된다. At present, in the field of design research, the systematic research on Without Thought design is still insufficient, and it is used in conjunction with the concept of Affordance. Therefore, based on Naoto Fukasawas design ideas of Without Thought and related unconscious theory, this study will define the concept of Without Thought design. Briefly, Without Thought design is to enable users to complete the unconscious interaction with objects and give users a feeling of “just right”. Besides, by reviewing Naoto Fukasawas works, papers, speeches and related literature, this study derives five Without Thought design principles: continuity of behavior, clarity of semantics, commonality of cognition, design for living situations and design for natural needs. Then, the content this study could be an origin that be helpful to define the concept of Without Thought in a more systematic way, looking forward to serving as the basic data for the process development of Without Thought design.