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        Photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet and benzimidazole using Ag-CoFe2O4 and its composite with graphitic carbon nitride

        Amna Irshad,Muhammad Hassaan Arshed,H. H. Somaily,Humera Sabeeh,Noor‑ul‑Ain,Imtisal Ayman,Muhammad Farooq Warsi,Imran Shakir 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.2

        The classical co-precipitation technique was carried out for the preparation of cobalt ferrite (CFN), and Ag-doped cobalt ferrite (AgCFN). Composite with graphitic carbon nitride (AgCFN@gCN) was prepared by employing the ultrasonication method. Photocatalytic degradation activity of synthesized materials was evaluated using crystal violet (coloured compound) and benzimidazole (colourless compound) under sunlight. Various physiochemical methods such as UV–Visible, XRD, SEM, and FT-IR spectroscopy were employed for the characterization of prepared samples. XRD was used for structural characterization. The prepared nanomaterials were sized up to be < 09 nm. FT-IR spectroscopy was exploited for the functional group characterization. Surface morphology was perceived through Scanning Electron Microscope. Optical analysis was carried out using a UV–Visible spectrophotometer. The photodegradation efficiencies for crystal violet and benzimidazole were ascertained to be in the order of CFN < AgCFN < AgCFN@gCN, under sunlight. Among the synthesized photocatalysts, AgCFN@gCN was discovered to have the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 52.72% and 84.21% for benzimidazole and crystal violet, respectively. The higher catalytic activity of AgCFN@gCN can be associated with its high surface area and the presence of active sites of the gCN sheets. Role of electrons (e−), holes (h+), and hydroxyl radicals (OH*) in the photocatalytic activity was also assessed.

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        Zinc oxide-tungsten oxide (ZnO-WO3) composite for solar light-assisted degradation of organic dyes

        Aziz Fatima,Warsi Al-Zoha,Somaily Hamoud H.,Din Muhammad Imran,Sabeeh Humera,Warsi Muhammad Farooq,Shakir Imran 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.6

        Photocatalytic degradation of dyes is one of the most effective methods that can be utilized for a pollution-free environment. For this purpose, Tungsten oxide (WO3), zinc oxide (ZnO) and their composite WO3/ZnO were synthesized using facile route. X-rays diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed their structural, spectral and morphological features, respectively. These techniques confirmed the formation of desired products. The as-prepared samples were utilized as photocatalysts for the evaluation of the photocatalytic removal of methylene blue and rhodamine B under solar light irradiation. The obtained results showed that the synergistic effect of tungsten oxide and zinc oxide is responsible for the increased charge separation and reduction in recombination chances of charge carriers that enhance the remarkable photocatalytic performance. For methylene blue and rhodamine-b, the percentage degradation was 94% and 85.7%, respectively. Different scavenger studies showed that holes are the major active species responsible for the removal of methylene blue. The EIS and Mott-Schottky plots confirmed the p-type and n-type character of WO3 and ZnO, respectively. Briefly, the as-synthesized nanocomposite showed enhanced photocatalytic behavior for the degradation of various dyes as compared to pristine metal oxides.

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