http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Cho, Y.,Lee, W.,Kim, H. Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.2 No.30
A novel synthetic process referred to as a protective coating method was developed for the fabrication of a carbon-supported Pt2Ni1 nanoparticle measuring approximately 5 nm in size with a Pt-rich shell via thermal treatment. A 3 to 5 nm thick potypyrrole layer encapsulating the surface of the Pt/C catalyst simultaneously acted as a sponge to absorb the Ni precursor and a physical barrier to inhibit the inevitable increase in particle size during the thermal treatment. The PPy layer does not behave as a poison to the catalyst because it is completely decomposed without carbonization on the Pt surface during the heat treatment in a H-2-Ar mixture. As a result, the resultant Pt2Ni1/C catalyst with a Pt-rich shell exhibited improved stability under acidic conditions and catalytic activity in an oxygen reduction reaction.
Challenges of organic rice farming in Jeonnam Province, Korea
Cho, Y.,Nicholas, P.,Lee, J. Korean Association of Organic Agriculture 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.S
The production practices, productivity and economic performance of organic and non-chemical rice farming were compared in Jeonnam Province, Korea. Korean organic rice farming showed a lack of use of resistant varieties and rotational cropping systems as well as less use of farm wastes and a high dependency upon external inputs. When compared with no-chemical rice production practices very little differences were found. However, organic rice farming showed 15% to 18% higher profits than no-chemical farming even though the productivity was arguably similar between the two farming types. This may encourage more farmers to convert to organic production rather than non-chemical farming as the farming practices are very similar, thereby resulting in increased supply of organic products and decreased prices for organic rice near future. There is a need to more greatly differentiate organic farming practices and products from those of no-chemical farming.
Cho, Y.,Kim, S.,Pyo, S.,Park, Y.S.,Kim, S.J.,Yun, H.,Do, J. Pergamon Press 2010 Polyhedron Vol.29 No.9
The solvothermal synthesis and crystal structures of two new lead(II) compounds, bis(ethylenediamine)lead(II) chloride, Pb(en)<SUB>2</SUB>l<SUB>2</SUB> and mono(ethylenediamine)lead(II) chloride, Pb(en)Cl<SUB>2</SUB>, are reported. A detailed comparison of the two structures is given. In 1, the Pb(II) center is coordinated by two chlorine atoms and four nitrogen atoms from three en ligands, which act as either chelating or bridging ligands, allowing links to other Pb(II) centers. This creates an infinite linear chain of Pb(en)<SUB>2</SUB>l<SUB>2</SUB> In 2, the Pb(II) center is chelated by one en ligand and is coordinated by six chlorine atoms, including two unusually weak Pb-Cl bonds (>3.5A) connected through μ<SUB>2</SUB> and μ<SUB>4</SUB>Cl to build a neutral layer of Pb(en)Cl<SUB>2</SUB>units. Complex 1 contains a hemidirected Pb(II), while complex 2 has a (pseudo-)hemidirected Pb(II). TGA and high-temperature controlled powder-XRD studies show that compound 1 decomposes to compound 2 near 150<SUP>o</SUP>, and finally to PbCl<SUB>2</SUB>above 320<SUP>o</SUP>
Cho, Y.,Lee, M.H.,Kim, H.,Ku, K.,Yoon, G.,Jung, S.K.,Lee, B.,Kim, J.,Kang, K. Pergamon Press 2017 Materials research bulletin Vol.96 No.4
Layered crystal structures are some of the most intensively studied intercalation hosts for guest ion insertion. For Mg insertion, layered transition metal sulfides or selenides have been used for reversible Mg intercalation; however, far less intercalation hosts have been found for layered oxides most likely because of the strong interaction between Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> and the oxide host. Here, we demonstrate that layered Li<SUB>x</SUB>Ni<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.2</SUB>Mn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> (NCM523), which is an important commercial electrode for Li-ion batteries but has been regarded as electrochemically inactive in rechargeable Mg batteries, can function as a reversible host for Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> if water opens up the layers and screens the electrostatic interaction between Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> and the host. Upon the formation of water-intercalated NCM523, the discharge capacity dramatically increases utilizing the multi-redox reaction of Ni<SUP>2+</SUP>/Ni<SUP>3+</SUP>/Ni<SUP>4+</SUP>, which exhibits an average voltage of ~3.1V (vs. Mg/Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>) in rechargeable Mg batteries with an energy density of 589Whkg<SUP>-1</SUP> in the first discharge.
Activating Injury-Responsive Genes with Hypoxia Enhances Axon Regeneration through Neuronal HIF-1α
Cho, Y.,Shin, J.,Ewan, E.,Oh, Y.,Pita-Thomas, W.,Cavalli, V. Cell Press 2015 Neuron Vol.88 No.4
Injured peripheral neurons successfully activate a proregenerative transcriptional program to enable axon regeneration and functional recovery. How transcriptional regulators coordinate the expression of such program remains unclear. Here we show that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) controls multiple injury-induced genes in sensory neurons and contribute to the preconditioning lesion effect. Knockdown of HIF-1α in vitro or conditional knock out in vivo impairs sensory axon regeneration. The HIF-1α target gene Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) is expressed in injured neurons and contributes to stimulate axon regeneration. Induction of HIF-1α using hypoxia enhances axon regeneration in vitro and in vivo in sensory neurons. Hypoxia also stimulates motor neuron regeneration and accelerates neuromuscular junction re-innervation. This study demonstrates that HIF-1α represents a critical transcriptional regulator in regenerating neurons and suggests hypoxia as a tool to stimulate axon regeneration.
Cho, Y.,Choi, M.H.,Kim, B.,Kim, S. Elsevier 2016 Journal of chromatography A Vol.1444 No.-
<P>An experimental setup for the speciation of compounds by hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) with atmospheric pressure ionization while performing chromatographic separation is presented. The proposed experimental setup combines the high performance supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system that can be readily used as an inlet for mass spectrometry (MS) and atmospheric pressure photo ionization (APPI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) HDX. This combination overcomes the limitation of an approach using conventional liquid chromatography (LC) by minimizing the amount of deuterium solvents used for separation. In the SFC separation, supercritical CO2 was used as a major component of the mobile phase, and methanol was used as a minor co-solvent. By using deuterated methanol (CH3OD), AP HDX was achieved during SFC separation. To prove the concept, thirty one nitrogen- and/or oxygen-containing standard compounds were analyzed by SFC-AP HDX MS. The compounds were successfully speciated from the obtained SFC-MS spectra. The exchange ions were observed with as low as 1% of CH3OD in the mobile phase, and separation could be performed within approximately 20 min using approximately 0.24 mL of CH3OD. The results showed that SFC separation and APPI/APCI HDX could be successfully performed using the suggested method. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Cho, Y.,Challa, S.,Moquin, D.,Genga, R.,Ray, T.D.,Guildford, M.,Chan, F.K.M. Cell Press ; MIT Press 2009 Cell Vol.137 No.6
Programmed necrosis is a form of caspase-independent cell death whose molecular regulation is poorly understood. The kinase RIP1 is crucial for programmed necrosis, but also mediates activation of the prosurvival transcription factor NF-κB. We postulated that additional molecules are required to specifically activate programmed necrosis. Using a RNA interference screen, we identified the kinase RIP3 as a crucial activator for programmed necrosis induced by TNF and during virus infection. RIP3 regulates necrosis-specific RIP1 phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of RIP1 and RIP3 stabilizes their association within the pronecrotic complex, activates the pronecrotic kinase activity, and triggers downstream reactive oxygen species production. The pronecrotic RIP1-RIP3 complex is induced during vaccinia virus infection. Consequently, RIP3<SUP>-/-</SUP> mice exhibited severely impaired virus-induced tissue necrosis, inflammation, and control of viral replication. Our findings suggest that RIP3 controls programmed necrosis by initiating the pronecrotic kinase cascade, and that this is necessary for the inflammatory response against virus infections.