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Xi Chen,Angui Li 대한환경공학회 2015 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.20 No.3
Particulate matter in indoor environments has caused public concerns in recent years. The objective of this research is to explore the influence of radiators on particle size distributions and concentrations. The particle size distributions as well as concentrations above radiators and in the adjacent indoor air are monitored in forty-two indoor environments in Xi’an, China. The temperatures, relative humidity and air velocities are also measured. The particle size distributions above radiators at ten locations are analyzed. The results show that the functional difference of indoor environments has little impact on the particle size distributions above radiators. Then the effects of the environmental parameters (particle concentrations in the adjacent indoor air, temperatures, relative humidities and air velocities) on particle concentrations above radiators are assessed by applying multiple linear regression analysis. Three multiple linear regression models are established to predict the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 above radiators.
Efficient VaR and CVaR Measurement via Stochastic Kriging
Chen, Xi,Kim, Kyoung-Kuk Institute for Operations Research and the Manageme 2016 INFORMS journal on computing Vol.28 No.4
<P>In this paper, stochastic kriging (SK) is considered as a metamodeling tool to capture risk-related properties of complex stochastic system outputs. To better assess the tail behavior of the underlying distribution of a system output, we specifically focus on global prediction of value-at-risk and conditional value-at-risk. Going beyond the standard SK framework intended for metamodeling of mean response surfaces, we rethink the original formulation to allow for the flexibility of utilizing different estimation methods for metamodel construction. The resulting impact on the predictive performance of SK is examined in detail. In parallel with the study by Chen et al. [Chen X, Ankenman BE, Nelson BL (2013) Enhancing stochastic kriging metamodels with gradient estimators. Oper. Res. 61(2): 512-528], we further consider the situation in which noisy gradient information can be incorporated into SK metamodel construction and prediction. The theoretical results are illustrated by two numerical examples.</P>
Expression and Prognostic Role of MEKK3 and pERK in Patients with Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Chen, Qi,Lu, Hong-sheng,Gan, Mei-fu,Chen, Lan-xi,He, Kai,Fan, Guang-min,Cao, Xue-quan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6
Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase kinase 3 (MEKK3) is an important serine/threonine protein kinase and a member of the MAPK family. MEKK3 can effectively activate the MEK/ERK signaling pathway and promote an autocrine growth loop critical for tumor genesis, cell proliferation, terminal differentiation, apoptosis and survival. To explore the relationship between MEKK3 and cell apoptosis, clinicopathology and prognosis, we characterize the expression of MEKK3, pERK and FoxP3 in the renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC). Protein expression was detected by tissue microarray and immunochemistry in 46 cases of RCCC and 28 control cases. Expression levels of CD3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,CD4+CD25+, CD4+CD25+ FoxP3+ were assessed by flow cytometry and analyzed for their association with pathological factors, correlation and prognosis in RCCC. Expression of MEKK3, pERK and FoxP3 was significantly up-regulated in RCCC as compared to control levels (p<0.01), associated with pathological grade (p<0.05)and clinical stage (p<0.05). CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg cells were also significantly increased in RCCC patients (p<0.05). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that MEKK3, pERK expression and patholigical stage were independent prognostic factors in patients with RCCC (p<0.05). MEKK3 can be used as an important marker of early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation in RCCC. It may be associated with imbalance of anti-tumor immunity and overexpression of pERK. Expression of MEKK3 and pERK are significantly increased in RCCC, with protein expression and clinical stage acting as independent prognostic factors.
The Causality Test of Network Technical Anonymity and Perceptive Anonymity
Xi Chen,Yujie Li 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.3
In order to discuss different types of network anonymity and the correlations among them, this paper separates network anonymity into two variables on the basis of subject object dichotomy. One is network technical anonymity, referring to the amount of information concealed that lead to difficulties in identifying the subject; the other is perceptive anonymity, which means how anonymous one perceive him/herself has been. Then the author explores how to measure these variables and set up a test model to see if there is any causal relation between them. The data was collected from Sina Weibo, and it is intended for empirical test. This thesis proved that there is an obvious causal relation between the two types of anonymity.
Chen, Xi,Lee, Sung Ho,Zhang, Cheng,Li, Qiaochu,Yamada, Kaito,Kwak, Moon Kyu,Guo, L Jay IOP 2019 Nanotechnology Vol.30 No.10
<P>Photo roller lithography systems can generate patterns continuously over large areas by employing flexible photomasks on rotating quartz cylinders. In comparison, plasmonic lithography systems can reach deep sub-wavelength resolution utilizing evanescent waves carrying high spatial frequency components. In this work, we demonstrate a plasmonic roller system by integrating a quartz mechanical roller with a specially designed photomask based on plasmonic waveguide lithography. Deep sub-wavelength uniform patterns with high aspect ratios were printed continuously over a moving substrate. The plasmonic roller system may find practical applications in the large-scale production of electronic and photonic devices in a cost-effective way.</P>
Xi Chen,Chaosheng Song,Caichao Zhu,Jianjun Tan,Najeeb Ullah 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.9
Considering flexible shafts, a coupled dynamic model for the gear transmission system of wheel reducer used in electric vehicle was developed. By combining the acoustics finite element modal for housing in Virtual Lab and the coupled dynamic model for gear transmission system, a simulation method was proposed for the prediction of the radiation noise for the wheel reducer. Then, the effects of different macro geometry gear parameters including pressure angle and helical angle on the dynamic response and radiation noise were investigated under the rated working condition. Results show that the peak-peak value of the transmission error dramatically falls in the starting zone, followed by an upward trend with the increase of the pressure angle for the low speed stage gear pair. The minimum transmission error and vibration acceleration occur when the pressure angle is 17°. The increase of the pressure angle does not affect the sound pressure level at the field point obviously. The design case with 17° pressure angle shows the optimum radiation noise level, which is 4.41dB less than the original model. Compared to the pressure angle, the helix angle has a major influence on the transmission error, vibration acceleration and acoustic radiation noise. With the increase of the helix angle, the time-varying transmission error curve becomes more smooth with a lower peak-peak value. Besides, the increase of helix angle results in lowering the varying and fluctuating trend of both vibration acceleration and acoustic radiation noise. The design case with 24° helix angle shows the prime radiation noise level, which is 7 dB less than the original scheme.
Dose-Dependent Associations between Wine Drinking and Breast Cancer Risk - Meta-Analysis Findings
Chen, Jia-Yan,Zhu, Hong-Cheng,Guo, Qing,Shu, Zheng,Bao, Xu-Hui,Sun, Feng,Qin, Qin,Yang, Xi,Zhang, Chi,Cheng, Hong-Yan,Sun, Xin-Chen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.3
Purpose: To investigate any potential association between wine and breast cancer risk. Materials and Methods: We quantitatively assessed associations by conducting a meta-analysis based on evidence from observational studies. In May 2014, we performed electronic searches in PubMed, EmBase and the Cochrane Library to identify studies examining the effect of wine drinking on breast cancer incidence. The relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) were used to measure any such association. Results: The analysis was further stratified by confounding factors that could influence the results. A total of twenty-six studies (eight case-control and eighteen cohort studies) involving 21,149 cases were included in our meta-analysis. Our study demonstrated that wine drinking was associated with breast cancer risk. A 36% increase in breast cancer risk was observed across overall studies based on the highest versus lowest model, with a combined RR of 1.0059 (95%CI 0.97-1.05) in dose-response analysis. However, 5 g/d ethanol from wine seemed to have protective value from our non-linear model. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that wine drinking is associated with breast cancer risk in a dose-dependent manner. High consumption of wine contributes to breast cancer risk with protection exerted by low doses. Further investigations are needed for clarification.