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- 저자 : Binnemans, Koen (검색결과 2 건)
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Ionic Liquid Crystals: Versatile Materials
Goossens, Karel,Lava, Kathleen,Bielawski, Christopher W.,Binnemans, Koen American Chemical Society 2016 Chemical reviews Vol.116 No.8
<P>This Review covers the recent developments (2005-2015) in the design, synthesis, characterization, and application of thermotropic ionic liquid crystals. It was designed to give a comprehensive overview of the 'state-of-the-art' in the field. The discussion is focused on low molar mass and dendrimeric thermotropic ionic mesogens, as well as selected metal-containing compounds (metallomesogens), but some references to polymeric and/or lyotropic ionic liquid crystals and particularly to ionic liquids will also be provided. Although zwitterionic and mesoionic mesogens are also treated to some extent, emphasis will be directed toward liquid-crystalline materials consisting of organic cations and organic/inorganic anions that are not covalently bound but interact via electrostatic and other noncovalent interactions.</P>
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The conversion of ammonium uranate prepared via sol-gel synthesis into uranium oxides
Schreinemachers, Christian,Leinders, Gregory,Modolo, Giuseppe,Verwerft, Marc,Binnemans, Koen,Cardinaels, Thomas Korean Nuclear Society 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.5
A combination of simultaneous thermal analysis, evolved gas analysis and non-ambient XRD techniques was used to characterise and investigate the conversion reactions of ammonium uranates into uranium oxides. Two solid phases of the ternary system NH<sub>3</sub> - UO<sub>3</sub> - H<sub>2</sub>O were synthesised under specified conditions. Microspheres prepared by the sol-gel method via internal gelation were identified as 3UO<sub>3</sub>·2NH<sub>3</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O, whereas the product of a typical ammonium diuranate precipitation reaction was associated to the composition 3UO<sub>3</sub>·NH<sub>3</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O. The thermal decomposition profile of both compounds in air feature distinct reaction steps towards the conversion to U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, owing to the successive release of water and ammonia molecules. Both compounds are converted into α-U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> above 550 ℃, but the crystallographic transition occurs differently. In compound 3UO<sub>3</sub>·NH<sub>3</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O (ADU) the transformation occurs via the crystalline β-UO<sub>3</sub> phase, whereas in compound 3UO<sub>3</sub>·2NH<sub>3</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O (microspheres) an amorphous UO<sub>3</sub> intermediate was observed. The new insights obtained on these uranate systems improve the information base for designing and synthesising minor actinide-containing target materials in future applications.
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