<i>Piper betle</i> extracts exhibit antitumor activity by augmenting antioxidant potential

ALAM, BADRUL,MAJUMDER, RAJIB,AKTER, SHAHINA,LEE, SANG-HAN D.A. Spandidos 2015 Oncology letters Vol.9 No.2

<P>The present study was conducted to evaluate the methanolic extract of <I>Piper betle</I> leaves (MPBL) and its organic fractions with regard to antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice and to confirm their antioxidant activities. At 24 h post-intraperitoneal inoculation of tumor cells into mice, extracts were administered at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight for nine consecutive days. The antitumor effects of the extracts were then assessed according to tumor volume, packed cell count, viable and non-viable tumor cell count, median survival time and increase in life span of EAC-bearing mice. Next, hematological profiles and serum biochemical parameters were calculated, and antioxidant properties were assessed by estimating lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels. MPBL and the ethylacetate fraction (EPBL) at a dose of 100 mg/kg induced a significant decrease in tumor volume, packed cell volume and viable cell count and increased the life span of the EAC-bearing mice (P<0.05). Hematological and serum biochemical profiles were restored to normal levels in the extract-treated mice compared with the EAC control mice. MPBL and EPBL treatment significantly decreased lipid peroxidation (P<0.05) and restored GSH, SOD and CAT levels towards normal compared with the EAC control. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that <I>Piper betle</I> extracts exhibit significant antitumor activity, which may be attributed to the augmentation of endogenous antioxidant potential.</P>

Temporal Analysis of Climatic Trends and its Effect on Agriculture of Chittagong District of Bangladesh

Mohammad Badrul Masud,Jannatul Ferdous 강원대학교 환경연구소 2011 Journal of the Environment Vol.8 No.1

Non-Specific Zn²⁺ Ion Sensing Using Ultrasmall Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticle as a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent

Bony, Badrul Alam,Baeck, Jong Su,Chang, Yongmin,Lee, Gang Ho American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.16 No.3

<P>The gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanoparticles are well-known potential candidates for a positive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent owing to their large longitudinal water proton relaxivity (r(1)) value with r(2)/r(1) ratio close to one (r(2) = transverse water proton relaxivity). In addition they may be used to sense metal ions because their r(1) and r(2) values can be altered in the presence of metal ions. This may allow us to study metabolic processes involving metal ions and to diagnose disease related to abnormal concentrations of metal ions in the body in a non-invasive way. In this study ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticles were for the first time applied to non-specifically sense Zn2+ ions in aqueous solution. We explored this by measuring r(1) and r(2) values in the presence of Zn2+ ions in solution.</P>

Gossypol from Cottonseeds Ameliorates Glucose Uptake by Mimicking Insulin Signaling and Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Mice with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes

Alam, Md Badrul,An, Hongyan,Ra, Jeong-Sic,Lim, Ji-young,Lee, Seung-Hyun,Yoo, Chi-Yeol,Lee, Sang-Han Hindawi 2018 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2018 No.-

<P>Glucose absorption from the gut and glucose uptake into muscles are vital for the regulation of glucose homeostasis. In the current study, we determined if gossypol (GSP) reduces postprandial hyperglycemia or enhances glucose uptake; we also investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying those processes <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. GSP strongly and concentration dependently inhibited <I>α</I>-glucosidase by functioning as a competitive inhibitor with IC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 0.67 ± 0.44. GSP activated the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways and enhanced glucose uptake through the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) into plasma membrane in C2C12 myotubes. Pretreatment with a specific inhibitor attenuated the <I>in vitro</I> effects of GSP. We used a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model to assess the antidiabetic potential of GSP. Consistent with the <I>in vitro</I> study, a higher dose of GSP (2.5 mg/kg<SUP>−1</SUP>) dramatically decreased the postprandial blood glucose levels associated with the upregulated expressions of GLUT4 and the IRS-1/Akt-mediated signaling cascade in skeletal muscle. GSP treatment also significantly boosted antioxidant enzyme expression and mitigated gluconeogenesis in the liver. Collectively, these data imply that GSP has the potential in managing and preventing diabetes by ameliorating glucose uptake and improving glucose homeostasis.</P>

Anthraquinone-type inhibitor of α-glucosidase enhances glucose uptake by activating an insulin-like signaling pathway in C2C12 myotubes

Alam, Md Badrul,Bajpai, Vivek K.,Ra, Jeong-Sic,Lim, Ji-Young,An, Hongyan,Shukla, Shruti,Quan, Khong Trong,Khan, Imran,Huh, Yun Suk,Han, Young-Kyu,Na, MinKyun,Lee, Sang-Han Pergamon 2019 Food and Chemical Toxicology Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study assesses the ability of anthraquinone derivative, 2-methyl-1,3,6-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (MTAQ) to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia or enhance glucose uptake and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. We investigated α-glucosidase inhibition, glucose uptake, and translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in C2C12 myotubes. The data indicate that MTAQ strongly inhibited α-glucosidase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 6.49 ± 1.31 μM, and functioned as a reversible competitive inhibitor, with a dissociation constant of 41.88 μM. Moreover, MTAQ significantly augmented basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake as well as translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. It also stimulated the phosphorylation of insulin receptor β isoform, insulin receptor substrate-1,3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, and protein kinase B (AKT). A pretreatment with an AKT inhibitor, LY294002, attenuated the ability of MTAQ to activate an insulin-like signaling pathway and to enhance basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and stimulate GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane. These findings reveal the fact that MTAQ may have potential for the development of new antidiabetic drugs to manage blood glucose levels.</P>

<i>Lannea coromandelica</i> (Houtt.) Merr. Induces Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) Expression and Reduces Oxidative Stress via the p38/c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase–Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (p38/JNK–NRF2)-Mediated Antioxidant Pathway

Alam, Md Badrul,Kwon, Kyoo-Ri,Lee, Seok-Hyun,Lee, Sang-Han MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.2

<P>The leaves of <I>Lannea coromandelica</I> (Houtt.) Merr. are used in the Garo, Pahan, and Teli tribal communities of Bangladesh as a traditional medicinal plant to treat hepatitis, diabetes, ulcers, heart disease, and dysentery. However, there have been limited phytochemical and biological studies on the bark of <I>L. coromandelica</I>. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activities of <I>L. coromandelica</I> bark extract (LCBE) and the underlying mechanism using RAW 264.7 cells. The LCBE was analysed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect its key polyphenolic compounds. Various in vitro antioxidant assays were performed using RAW 264.7 cells to assess the antioxidant effects of the LCBE and to understand the underlying molecular mechanism. HPLC revealed the presence of gallic acid, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid in the LCBE. The extract showed a very potent capacity to scavenge numerous free radicals through hydrogen atom transfer and/or electron donation and also quenched cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation without showing any toxicity. The LCBE was found to combat the oxidative stress by enhancing the expression, at both transcriptional and translational levels, of primary antioxidant enzymes as well as phase II detoxifying enzymes, especially heme oxygenase 1, through the upregulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-mediated pathway in RAW 264.7 cells via the phosphorylation of p38 kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The LCBE exhibited strong antioxidant activities and mitigated the cellular ROS production. These results provide scientific evidence of its potential as an ideal applicant for a cost-effective, readily available, and natural phytochemical, as well as a strategy for preventing diseases associated with oxidative stress and attenuating disease progress.</P>

Anti-Melanogenic Activities of <i>Heracleum moellendorffii</i> via ERK1/2-Mediated MITF Downregulation

Alam, Md Badrul,Seo, Bum-Ju,Zhao, Peijun,Lee, Sang-Han MDPI 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.11

<P>In this study, the anti-melanogenic effects of <I>Heracleum moellendorffii</I> Hance extract (HmHe) and the mechanisms through which it inhibits melanogenesis in melan-a cells were investigated. Mushroom tyrosinase (TYR) activity and melanin content as well as cellular tyrosinase activity were measured in the cells. mRNA and protein expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase (TYR), TYR-related protein-1 (TYRP-1) and -2 were also examined. The results demonstrate that treatment with HmHe significantly inhibits mushroom tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, HmHe also markedly inhibits melanin production and intracellular tyrosinase activity. By suppressing the expression of TYR, TYRP-1, TYRP-2, and MITF, HmHe treatment antagonized melanin production in melan-a cells. Additionally, HmHe interfered with the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, with reversal of HmHe-induced melanogenesis inhibition after treatment with specific inhibitor U0126. In summary, HmHe can be said to stimulate ERK1/2 phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of MITF, resulting in suppression of melanogenic enzymes and melanin production, possibly due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds.</P>

DNA Protecting Activities of <i>Nymphaea nouchali</i> (Burm. f) Flower Extract Attenuate <i>t</i> -BHP-Induced Oxidative Stress Cell Death through Nrf2-Mediated Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression by Activating MAP-Kinases

Alam, Md Badrul,Ju, Mi-Kyoung,Lee, Sang-Han MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.10

<P>This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant activities of <I>Nymphaea nouchali</I> flower (NNF) extract and the underlying mechanism using RAW 264.7 cells. The presence of gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, caffeic acid, quercetin, and apigenin in the NNF was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The extract had a very potent capacity to scavenge numerous free radicals. NNF extract was also able to prevent DNA damage and quench cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by <I>tert</I>-Butyl hydroperoxide (<I>t</I>-BHP) with no signs of toxicity. The NNF extract was able to augment the expression of both primary and phase II detoxifying enzyme, resulting in combat the oxidative stress. This is accomplished by phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) (p38 kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)) followed by enhancing the nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). This attenuates cellular ROS generation and confers protection from cell death. Altogether, the results of current study revealed that <I>Nymphaea nouchali</I> flower could be a source of natural phytochemicals that could lead to the development of new therapeutic agents for preventing oxidative stress associated diseases and attenuating disease progression.</P>

Simplified the Screening and In Vitro Appraisal of Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Thrombolytic, Antimicrobial and Membrane Stabilizing Activities of Lablab Purpures at a Time

M. Saifur Rahman, M. Gias Uddin, M. Badrul Alam, Jin Cheol Yoo 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2014 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.7 No.3

To simplify the different biological investigation of the methanolic extract and solvent-solvent partitioning of Lablab purpures (L. purpures) bark. In-vitro anti-oxidant study was determined using total DPPH radical scavenging assay. In vitro antimicrobial study was measured by observing zone of inhibition. The cytotoxic activity was studied using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and thrombolytic activity by clot disruption method. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Folin-Ciocalteau reagents using butylated hydroxytolune (BHT) and ascorbic acid as standards. The Aqueous soluble fraction revealed the highest free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 48.76 μg/mL). The antimicrobial screening of the bark of L. purpures exhibited mild to moderate activity in test microorganisms. The CSF showed the maximum relative percentage inhibition against Salmonella parathyphi (34.2%) for bacteria and C. albicans (28.8%) for fungi whereas, lowest relative percentage inhibition against Sarcina lutea (22.0%) for bacteria and Aspergillus niger (24.4%) for fungi. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, The LC50 values of Carbon tetrachloride and N-Hexane soluble fraction were found 92.18 μg/mL, and 68.95 μg/mL respectively while the LC50 values of standard Vincristine sulphate was 1.37 μg/mL. The methanolic extract and its organic soluble fractions of Lablab purpureus at concentration 2.0 mg/mL, significantly protected the lysis of erythrocyte membrane induced by hypotonic solution and heat as compared to the standard, acetyl salicylic acid (0.10 mg/mL). The MSF and AQSF produced 61.48 % and 53.75% inhibition of hemolysis of RBC caused by hypotonic solution respectively, whereas acetyl salicylic acid (0.10 mg/mL) showed 76.42%. Ethanol extract of L. purpures and all of its different partitions exhibited moderate thrombolytic activity of 37.25%-2.40%. Very good preliminary screening and simplified experiments were able to show the different biological activity of methanolic extract and its soluble fractions of L. purpures at a time.

One step deposition of Cu(In1-xAlx)Se2 thin films by RF magnetron sputtering

김규호,Badrul Munir,Rachmat A. Wibowo,Eun Soo Lee 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2007 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.8 No.4

Cu(In1-xAlx)Se2 thin films were deposited by one-step RF magnetron sputtering. The target was composed of mixed binary selenides of CuSe, InSe and pure aluminum powder. Smooth films surfaces with good adhesion to the substrate were grown successfully. All of the films show strong (112) and (204/220) single phase CuInSe2 peaks. Addition of Al to the target up to 6 wt-%, at the expense of indium, shifts the orientation peaks towards higher 2θ yielding films with an optical band gap between 1.05-1.7 eV. For the first time, this paper reports the application of a one step sputtering deposition process to grow Cu(In1-xAlx)Se2 thin films for solar cell absorber applications.