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Areeb Shehzad,Mohammed J. K. Bashir,Sumathi Sethupathi,Jun-Wei Lim,Muhammad Younas 한국자원공학회 2016 Geosystem engineering Vol.19 No.6
Increasing awareness of the energy–environment centers leads to the development of new technologies that have a direct impact on energy production and consumption during environmental remediation. Bioelectrochemical system (BES) is anticipated to be the emerging technology for the simultaneous removal/recovery of resources such as energy, nutrients, water, and heavy metals. Organic compounds inside the leachate are oxidized by micro-organisms which in turn lead to the production of energy and other value-added resources. Through the integration of membrane process such as forward osmosis in BES will help to recover the high-quality water for applications like agricultural. Recovery of metals is largely affected by uncertainty in concentration but still recovery of metal is achievable in leachate. Phosphorous and ammonia can be recovered through cathode reduction reactions driven by electricity generation. Low bioavailability of landfill leachate is one of the major challenges for BES which can be improved through proper pretreatment of landfill leachate. Another challenge of achieving the metal recovery from leachate is the low concentration of heavy metals. System scaling up remains as a great confront, especially for BES as energy production and consumption balance needs to be well understood. This review paper identified the key challenges, opportunities, and future recommendations for the recovery of resources from leachate using BES.
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Azeem Ullah,Sana Ullah,Tanzeel Areeb,Muhammad Umar,Phan Duy Nam,Rashid Masood,Soonjee Park,김익수 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.11
Polysaccharides from different sources have found their applications in the wound care for their inherent abilitiesof gelling, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antibacterial activity. Considering the low cost, ease of processing,abundance in nature and therapeutic benefits of the polysaccharides we developed psyllium, alginate and chitosan (PAC)composite fibers and modelled their physical properties namely; tenacity, linear density and absorption in both distilled waterand saline solution; using Box-Behnken (BB) technique of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The PAC fibers wereproduced using an in house developed wet spinning module; briefly the dope solutions containing psyllium and alginate wereextruded into a hydrolyzed chitosan and CaCl2. The produced fibers were acetone washed to remove the polar solvent; in thiscase water; and later dried in air. The present work aimed at the development of statistical models for physical properties:linear density, tenacity, antibacterial efficacy and liquid absorption; of the composite PAC fibers. The factors underconsideration were the raw material concentration namely; alginate and psyllium in dope solution and calcium chloride(CaCl2) and hydrolysed chitosan in the coagulation bath. The experimental work was designed and analyzed using Minitab®17 statistical software. Regression models using the under consideration factors were successfully developed.
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Sequential treatment for landfill leachate by applying coagulation-adsorption process
mohammad J. K. bashir,Tay Ming Xian,Areeb Shehzad,Sumathi Sethupahi,Ng Choon Aun,Salem Abu Amr 한국자원공학회 2017 Geosystem engineering Vol.20 No.1
Landfill leachate has always been the most problematic factor in municipal solid waste management. Leachate generated from landfills generally contains high amount of organic and inorganic compounds that might cause pollution to water resources. In the current study, sequential treatment of landfill leachate using coagulation–flocculations a pretreatment process followed by adsorption process was used to treat chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonical nitrogen (NH3-N) and color from raw landfill leachate. Coagulation–flocculation process was examined using alum and ferric chloride. The optimum working pH for the tested coagulants was 5 and FeCl3 showed higher removal efficiency for landfill leachate than alum. The pretreated leachate was further treated via two types of adsorbents i.e., powdered activated carbon (PAC) and zeolite. The optimum experimental conditions for PAC and zeolite adsorptions were found to be 40 g/L at 30 min and 80 g/L at 120 min, respectively. Scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy tests were conducted to examine the surface morphology and chemical properties of the adsorbents. The results showed that the Freundlich isotherm was best fitted for PAC adsorption while Langmuir isotherm model showed good conformity for zeolite adsorption. Besides, pseudo-second order model was found to be the best fitted kinetic model for both PAC and zeolite adsorption where the R2 was closed to unity for all parameters. On balance, FeCl3 coagulation-PAC adsorption has shown higher removal efficiency for color, COD, and NH3-N as compared to FeCl3 coagulation-zeolite adsorption.
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