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      • Designing high performance all-small-molecule solar cells with non-fullerene acceptors: comprehensive studies on photoexcitation dynamics and charge separation kinetics

        Shi, Junqing,Isakova, Anna,Abudulimu, Abasi,van den Berg, Marius,Kwon, Oh Kyu,Meixner, Alfred J.,Park, Soo Young,Zhang, Dai,Gierschner, Johannes,,er, Larry The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.11 No.1

        <P>Solution-processable all-small-molecule organic solar cells (OSCs) have shown dramatic progress in improving stability and photovoltaic efficiency. However, knowledge of photoexcitation dynamics in this novel class of materials is very limited. To fully exploit the design capacities inherent in small molecule chemistry, the elementary processes and branching yields must be known in detail. Here, we present a combined computational-experimental study of photoexcitation dynamics of a prototypical all-small-molecule photovoltaic blend, p-DTS(FBTTh2)2 as a donor and NIDCS-MO as an acceptor. Femtosecond spectroscopy data show that excitonic coupling is small and that the charge transfer states are localized, at first glance contradicting the high internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and open circuit voltage (<I>V</I>OC) of this material. A target analysis of the femtosecond spectra yields exciton dissociation rates of 1/(25 ps) and 1/(100 ps) for the as-deposited and annealed blend, respectively. These rates are far slower than in typical polymer based organic solar cells. Still, internal quantum yields are high because parasitic quenching processes are found to be even slower. In the framework of semiclassical Marcus theory, we demonstrate that our system shows near-optimum energy conversion and charge separation yields, due to negligible activation energy for charge generation but high activation energy for charge recombination, allowing enough time to separate localized charge transfer states. We thus justify both the high internal quantum yields and the high open circuit voltage found in this system. Finally, we predict that highly efficient and stable low-optical bandgap systems can be realized by reducing the electronic coupling between the donor and acceptor.</P>

      • Elevated Expression of Ox2R in Cervical Cancers and Placentas of Uyghur Women in Xinjiang, China

        Taximaimaiti, Reyisha,Abuliken, Xiekelai,Maihemuti, Muzhapaer,Abudujilile, Dilinuer,Abudulimu, Haimiti Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.11

        Objective:Cervical cancer is one of the major causes of mortality of Uyghur women in Xinjiang, China. Although increased expression of orexin receptor (OxR), known to be strongly expressed in human placenta, has a proven relation to some cancers, there have been few studies of cervical cancer. Thus, we explored this question by evaluating the expression of orexin receptor as a biomarker for screening early stage of cervical cancer in Uyghur women with highest occurrence rate of cervical cancer in China. Study Design: We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemical staining to determine the expression of both Ox1R and Ox2R in cervical cancer and cervicitis biopsies collected from Uyghur women infected with human papilloma virus (HPV)16. The expression rate was compared between cervical cancers of low, intermediate and high differentiation and cervicitis. Results:Although there was no significant difference in the expression rate of Ox1R between groups, Ox2R was significantly overexpressed in cervical cancer patients when compared to the cervicitis group. Ox1R was negative in normal human placenta while Ox2R was positive. Conclusions: While expression of Ox1R had no correlation with invasion or metastatic potential, Ox2R demonstrated elevation in cervical cancer with heterogeneity in groups with different metastatic potential, in the human placenta as well, implying that it might serve as an indicator of invasive capacity along with other indices.

      • Organic Photocatalyst for ppm-Level Visible-Light-Driven Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain-Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization with Excellent Oxygen Tolerance

        Song, Yuna,Kim, Youngmu,Noh, Yeonjin,Singh, Varun Kumar,Behera, Santosh Kumar,Abudulimu, Abasi,Chung, Kyeongwoon,Wannemacher, Reinhold,Gierschner, Johannes,Lü,er, Larry,Kwon, Min Sang American Chemical Society 2019 Macromolecules Vol.52 No.15

        <P>A highly efficient organic photocatalyst (OPC) for photoinduced electron/energy-transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization was identified through a systematic catalyst design and discovery. The devised OPC offers excellent control over PET-RAFT polymerizations of methyl methacrylate at very low catalyst loadings (5 ppm), that is, ca. 5-50 times lower loadings than other OPCs reported so far. Moreover, excellent oxygen tolerance was achieved using the discovered OPC combined with trithiocarbonate-based chain-transfer agent (CTA) under low-energy light irradiation conditions. In depth experimental and computational investigations revealed that (1) strong visible-light absorption and efficient generation of long-lived triplet states of the OPC due to its unique molecular structure and (2) the oxidation stability and no rate retardation of trithiocarbonate-based CTA are the key to the outstanding oxygen tolerance and ppm-level catalyst loadings. Our approach is thus believed to address a variety of challenging tasks related to polymer synthesis and living additive manufacturing.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

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