Evaluation of refined theories for multilayered shells via Axiomatic/Asymptotic method

Daoud S. Mashat,E. Carrera,Ashraf M. Zenkour,Sadah A. Al Khateeb,A. Lamberti 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.11

This paper is devoted to refined shell theories for the analysis of isotropic and laminated shells. Refined theories are built by assuminghigher expansion order for the displacement field in the shell thickness directions. The implementation of these theories is made accordingto the Carrera unified formulation (CUF) which makes it possible to obtain shell governing equations in terms of fundamental nucleiwhose form is independent of the chosen theory shell. Equivalent single layer and layer wise schemes are used. The axiomatic/asymptotic technique is employed to evaluate the effectiveness of each displacement variable in the adopted displacement expansion. The error introduced by each term deactivation is evaluated with respect to a reference solution and according to a given error criterion; ifthe error computed does not exceed an a priori defined threshold the term is considered as not relevant and discarded. In this way it ispossible to construct reduced models for each stress/displacement component. Attention has been restricted to closed form Navier typesolutions and simply supported orthotropic shells are considered in the numerical investigation. Analysis of the displacement variablesrelevance is performed considering the influence of the kind of material and of the geometry, specifically isotropic and laminated materialsand thick and thin shells. “Best”' reduced models are proposed and related distributions are discussed.

Transcriptome Analysis of the Barley-Rhynchosporium secalis Interaction

Al-Daoude, Antonious,Shoaib, Amina,Al-Shehadah, Eyad,Jawhar, Mohammad,Arabi, Mohammad Imad Eddin The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2014 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.30 No.4

Leaf scald caused by the infection of Rhynchosporium secalis, is a worldwide crop disease resulting in significant loss of barley yield. In this study, a systematic sequencing of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) was chosen to obtain a global picture of the assembly of genes involved in pathogenesis. To identify a large number of plant ESTs, which are induced at different time points, an amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) display of complementary DNA (cDNA) was utilized. Transcriptional changes of 140 ESTs were observed, of which 19 have no previously described function. Functional annotation of the transcripts revealed a variety of infection-induced host genes encoding classical pathogenesis-related (PR) or genes that play a role in the signal transduction pathway. The expression analyses by a semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that Rar1 and Rpg4 are defense inducible genes, and were consistent with the cDNA-AFLP data in their expression patterns. Hence, the here presented transcriptomic approach provides novel global catalogue of genes not currently represented in the EST databases.

Transcriptome Analysis of the Barley-Rhynchosporium secalis Interaction

Antonious Al-Daoude,Amina Shoaib,Eyad Al-Shehadah,Mohammad Jawhar,Mohammad Imad Eddin Arabi 한국식물병리학회 2014 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.30 No.4

Leaf scald caused by the infection of Rhynchosporium secalis, is a worldwide crop disease resulting in significant loss of barley yield. In this study, a systematic sequencing of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) was chosen to obtain a global picture of the assembly of genes involved in pathogenesis. To identify a large number of plant ESTs, which are induced at different time points, an amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) display of complementary DNA (cDNA) was utilized. Transcriptional changes of 140 ESTs were observed, of which 19 have no previously described function. Functional annotation of the transcripts revealed a variety of infection-induced host genes encoding classical pathogenesis- related (PR) or genes that play a role in the signal transduction pathway. The expression analyses by a semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that Rar1 and Rpg4 are defense inducible genes, and were consistent with the cDNA-AFLP data in their expression patterns. Hence, the here presented transcriptomic approach provides novel global catalogue of genes not currently represented in the EST databases.

A New Efficient Meta-Heuristic Optimization Algorithm Inspired by Wild Dog Packs

Essam Al Daoud,Rafat Alshorman,Feras Hanandeh 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.7 No.6

Although meta-heuristic optimization algorithms have been used to solve many optimization problems, they still suffer from two main difficulties: What are the best parameters for a particular problem? How do we escape from the local optima? In this paper, a new, efficient meta-heuristic optimization algorithm inspired by wild dog packs is proposed. The main idea involves using three self-competitive parameters that are similar to the smell strength. The parameters are used to control the movement of the alpha dogs and, consequently, the movement of the whole pack. The rest of the pack is used to explore the neighboring area of the alpha dog, while the hoo procedure is used to escape from the local optima. The suggested method is applied to several unimodal and multimodal benchmark problems and is compared to five modern meta-heuristic algorithms. The experimental results show that the new algorithm outperforms other peer algorithms.

Accumulation of Transcripts Abundance after Barley Inoculation with Cochliobolus sativus

Arabi, Mohammad Imad Eddin,AL-Daoude, Antonious,Shoaib, Amina,Jawhar, Mohammad The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.1

Spot blotch caused by the hemibiotrophic pathogen Cochliobolus sativus has been the major yield-reducing factor for barley production during the last decade. Monitoring transcriptional reorganization triggered in response to this fungus is an essential first step for the functional analysis of genes involved in the process. To characterize the defense responses initiated by barley resistant and susceptible cultivars, a survey of transcript abundance at early time points of C. sativus inoculation was conducted. A notable number of transcripts exhibiting significant differential accumulations in the resistant and susceptible cultivars were detected compared to the non-inoculated controls. At the p-value of 0.0001, transcripts were divided into three general categories; defense, regulatory and unknown function, and the resistant cultivar had the greatest number of common transcripts at different time points. Quantities of differentially accumulated gene transcripts in both cultivars were identified at 24 h post infection, the approximate time when the pathogen changes trophic lifestyles. The unique and common accumulated transcripts might be of considerable interest for enhancing effective resistance to C. sativus.

Accumulation of Transcripts Abundance after Barley Inoculation with Cochliobolus sativus

Mohammad Imad Eddin Arabi,Antonious Al-Daoude,Amina Shoaib,Mohammad Jawhar 한국식물병리학회 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.1

Spot blotch caused by the hemibiotrophic pathogenCochliobolus sativus has been the major yield-reducingfactor for barley production during the last decade. Monitoring transcriptional reorganization triggeredin response to this fungus is an essential first step forthe functional analysis of genes involved in the process. To characterize the defense responses initiated bybarley resistant and susceptible cultivars, a survey oftranscript abundance at early time points of C. sativusinoculation was conducted. A notable number of transcriptsexhibiting significant differential accumulationsin the resistant and susceptible cultivars were detectedcompared to the non-inoculated controls. At the p-valueof 0.0001, transcripts were divided into three generalcategories; defense, regulatory and unknown function,and the resistant cultivar had the greatest number ofcommon transcripts at different time points. Quantitiesof differentially accumulated gene transcripts inboth cultivars were identified at 24 h post infection, theapproximate time when the pathogen changes trophiclifestyles. The unique and common accumulated transcriptsmight be of considerable interest for enhancingeffective resistance to C. sativus.

Power Aware Ant Colony Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Alaa E. Abdallah,Emad E. Abdallah,Feras Hanandeh,Ashraf Aljammal,Essam Al-Daoud 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.12

Due to the limited lifetime of nodes in ad hoc and sensor network, energy efficiency needs to be an important design consideration in any routing algorithm. Most of the existing Ant colony based routing algorithms grantee the packet delivery. However, they suffer from the high power consumption due to the huge number of control messages to establish and maintain a route from a source to a destination. This paper introduces two new power-aware ant colony routing algorithms for mobile ad hoc network under three main concurrent constraints. (1) Localized algorithms where only information about neighbors' nodes is needed. (2) Maximize the algorithms delivery rate. (3) Minimize the energy consumption. Our new algorithms are based on the idea of extracting a sub-graph of the original network topology and combine it with the advantage of ant based routing algorithms. Extensive experiments are conducted to prove that the new algorithms have significant improvement on the network lifetime (up to twice) without affecting the high delivery rate.