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장영철,이두현,장충현 大韓成形外科學會 1988 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.15 No.3
The epiphora is usually distress to the patient not only in physiological aspect but also in psychological aspect. The obstruction of nasolacrimal conduit system, which may produce epiphora can be caused by congenital anomalies, chronic dacryocystitis, after ablation of lower lid carcinoma, trauma and facial paralysis. Especially, severe naso-orbital fracture can be obstructed the bony nasolacrimal canal or total lacrimal conduit system. The epiphora with damage to the nasolacrimal duct will require a dacryocystorhinostomy or conjuntivodacryocystorhinostomy. The conjuntivorhinostomy should be considered in the cases of totally occluded nasolacrimal conduit system, failed dacryocystorhinostomy, or failed conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy. By using the nasal funnel flap method, the authors performed conjuntivorhinostomy in patients with the obstruction of nasolacrimal conduit system and obtained the following conclusions: 1. The new created lacremal conduit have maintained good patency. 2. None of the patients had significant epiphora and purulent discharge. 3. There are no nasal deformities and operation scars are insignificant. We experienced 3 cases of the nasal funnel flap method and recognized that this technique can provide functional and cosmetical advantages than other conventional conjuntivorhinostomy.
장영철,양원용,이두형 大韓成形外科學會 1988 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.15 No.4
The conspicuous advancement in the microvascular surgery is required more precise understanding of the anatomical knowledges. In the past, the superficial temporal fascia was used for the one stage reconstruction of the traumatic ear defect of congenital microtia and facial deformities, as a pedicled flap. As the microsurgical techniques advance, it became use for the reconstruction of the face or extremity deformities, as a free flap. Recently as the anatomical research precisely, it became possible to use the vascularized clavarial bone flap by using the pedicled superficial temporal artery. For the purpose of avoiding the risk of temporal branch of the facial nerve and extending the clinical application, authors dissected the 24 surfaces of the 12 Korean adult cadavers and obtained the following results: 1. If the superficial temporal siphon is released to lengthening of the vascular pedicle, it may increase the pedicle length up to 7.2mm(S.D. 7.8mm). 2. The vascular pattern of the superficial temporal arteries are classified according to Eustathianos classification. The results were obtained as follows: Type Ⅰ..........75% Type Ⅱ..........17% Type Ⅲ.......... 0% Type Ⅳ.......... 8% Type Ⅴ.......... 0% 3. The diameter of STA, STV, frontal branch of STA, parietal branch of STA, MTA, MTV and the lengths of MTA, MTV were as follows: Note table 1 4. In our study, we measured the distance between the superficial temporal artery(A) and the most posterior significant twig of the temporal branch of the facial nerve(B) and found it to vary between 0 and 8 mm. The mean figure was 2.6mm (S.D. 1.9mm). 5. We measured the distance between the most prominent bony landmark of the lateral supraorbital ridge(P) and the most posterior significant twig of the temporal branch of the facial nerve(T) and found it to vary between 12 and 45 mm. The mean figure was 29mm (S.D. 8 mm). 6. We measured the distance between the most prominent bony landmark of the lateral supraorbital ridge(P) and the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery(S) and found it to vary between 15 and 60mm. The mean figure was 32.5mm(S.D. 6.9mm). 7. The mean square of the superficial temporal fascia flap measured about 13cm in length and 11cm in width and that of the deep temporal fascia flap measured 7 cm in length and 6.5 cm in width.