겨울철 자연환경에 노출된 문주란 잎의 엽록소형광과 항산화 효소 활성에 관한 연구

오순자 ( Soon Ja Oh ),고석찬 ( Seok Chan Koh ) 한국환경생물학회 2004 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.22 No.1

겨울철 저온에 의한 식물의 반응 및 생리적 상태를 확인하기 위해 문주란 (Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum)을 대상으로 엽록소형광과 항산화효소 활성의 변화를 조사하였다. O-J-I-P 곡선을 분석한 결과 겨울철에 J, I, P-단계에서의 형광세기가 현저하게 감소하였다. 문주란 잎의 광계Ⅱ의 광화학적 효율, 즉 Fv/Fm은 겨울철의 온도변화 추이와 유사하게 낮은 값을 나타내어 겨울철 저온이 스트레스 요인으로 작용하는 것으로 보인다. 그리고, 겨울철에 superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase활성이 다소 증가하였으나 catalase 활성은 여름철에 비하여 크게 낮았다. 이러한 결과는 겨울철의 Fv/Fm의 감소와 함께 문주란이 겨울철 저온에 의해 산화적 스트레스에 처해 있게되며 세포사멸이 일어나는 것으로 해석된다. Chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidative enzyme activity were investigated from leaves of Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum under the natural condition in winter, in order to monitor plant response and physiological states such as vitality, productivity and so on. In the O-J-I-P transients, the fluorescence intensity of J, I, P-step decreased remarkably depending on temperature drop in winter. The photochemical efficiencies of PSⅡ, Fv/Fm, were significantly low in late winter with decrease of Fm. These results indicate that Crinum plants were affected by seasonal drop of temperature. The catalase activity significantly decreased depending on temperature drop in winter. However, the activity of superoxide dismutase ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase slightly increased in winter while some isoenzymes appeared in winter. These results, with the remarkable decrease of Fv/Fm in winter, represent that Crinum plants were exposed to oxidative stress and subsequently damaged leading to cell death.

겨울철 저온스트레스에 의한 문주란 잎의 항산화효소 활성과 O-J-I-P 곡선 패턴

오순자 ( Soon Ja Oh ),고석찬 ( Seok Chan Koh ) 한국환경생물학회 2005 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.23 No.2

본 연구는 환경요인의 변화, 특히 겨울철 저온이 식물체에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 밝히기 위해, 저온감수성 식물인 문주란을 대상으로 겨울철 일주기에 있어서 항산화효소 활성과 O-J-I-P 곡선의 변화를 조사하였다. 겨울철의 superoxide dismutase와 peroxidase의 활성은 여름철에 비해 다소 증가하였다. 특히, peroxidase는 겨울철 새벽과 밤에 높은 활성을 보였으며 초겨울에만 특이적으로 검출되는 isoenzyme들로 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 겨울철 문주란 잎의 O-J-I-P곡선에서 J, I, P-단계의 형광세기가 여름철에 비해 현저하게 감소하였다. 그리고, O-J-I-P 곡선으로부터 산출된 주요 형광변수들 중에 Fm과 Φpo는 겨울철 저온에 노출되는 기간이 길어짐에 따라 각각 30%와 50%로 감소하였으며, ABS/RC는 초겨울보다는 늦은 겨울에 2배 정도 증가하였다. The diurnal and seasonal variations of antioxidative enzyme activity and the O-J-I-P transients were investigated from the leaves of Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum under winter stress in natural habitat, in order to diagnose quantitatively physiological states of plants under stresses. The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase increased slightly in winter. Especially, peroxidase acitivity was higher at dawn and night in winter and some isoforms were detected only in early winter. In the O-J-I-P transients, the fluorescence intensity of J, I, P steps decreased significantly in winter season, contrary to its high value in summer season. Of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters derived from the O-J-I-P transients, Fm and φpo decreased with the increase of ABS/RC depending on temperature drop in winter.

한(韓)․중(中)․일(日) 지역에서 수집된 차나무(Camellia sinensis L O. Kuntze)잎의 형태별 분류

제순자(Soon-Ja Je),이용호(Yong-Ho Lee),오주성(Ju-Sung Oh),황필성(Pil-Seong Hwang),석운영(Woon-Young Seok) 한국차학회 2009 한국차학회지 Vol.15 No.2

한(韓)․중(中)․일(日) 지역에서 수집된 차나무잎의 형태적 특성과 형질 상호간 유전적 상관 계수를 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 산지별 차나무 잎의 형태별 특성을 조사한 결과 엽장, 엽면적 및 엽병장은 한국의 구례지역 수집계통이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 엽폭, 생엽중 및 건엽중은 한국의 강진지역 수집계통이 가장 높게 나타났다. 그리고 중국의 무이산지역 대홍포는 엽장, 엽폭, 엽면적 및 엽병장이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 2. 국가별로 차나무 잎의 형태적 특성을 조사한 결과 대체적으로 한국의 차나무 잎이 가장 크게 나타났고, 일본의 차나무 잎이 중간정도로 나타났으며, 중국의 차나무 잎이 작게 나타났다. 3. 각 형질간의 상관관계에서는 엽장과 건엽중(0.6694**)간에서, 엽폭과 건엽중(0.7393**)간에서, 엽면적과 건엽중(0.7191**)간에서, 생엽중과 건엽중(0.9388**)간에서 각각 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보였고, 건엽중과 함께 수량형질인 생엽중의 경우에도 엽장과 생엽중(0.7642)간에, 엽폭과 생엽중(0.8411)간에, 엽면적과 생엽중(0.8146)간에 각 각 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 나타내었다. This study aims to examine the morphological characteristics of tea leaves by its growing areas and countries. We collected tea leaves from 7 areas in Korea and overseas. We investigated classification of morphological characteristics, analyzing phenotypic, and genotypic correlations coefficient of the tea leaves. In classification of morphological characteristics, the tea leaves from Gurye had the highest values in leaf length, size, and stalk length, while the tea leaves from Gangjin had the highest values in leaf width, fresh leaf weight, and dry leaf weight. In case of Wuishan, China, it showed the lowest values in leaf length, width, size, and stalk length. The tea leaves from Korea had the largest size, whereas the tea leaves from China had the smallest one. In term of character correlation, significant correlations were showed in several aspects respectively: between leaf length and dry leaf weight (0.6694**), between leaf width and dry leaf weight (0.7393**), between leaf area and dry leaf weight (0.7191**), also between fresh leaf weight and dry leaf weight (0.9388**). In case of leaf weight regardless of whether it is a fresh leaf or dry leaf, which has the quantitative character, significant correlations between leaf length and fresh leaf weight (0.7642), between leaf width and fresh leaf weight (0.8411), also between leaf area and fresh leaf weight (0.8146).

부산·경남지역 사찰에서 수집된 차나무(Camellia sinensis L.)잎 형태별 분류

제순자(Je, Soon-Ja)･,이용호(Lee, Yong-Ho)･,오주성(Oh, Ju-Sung3)･,정영수(Chung, Yong-Soo)･,정대수(Chung, Dae-Soo) 한국차학회 2007 한국차학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 시험은 부산·경남지역 사찰 주변에 자생하고 있는(또는 30년 이상 재배되어 온) 차나무를 중심으로 14개 지역을 선정하여 산지별로 차나무 잎을 채취, 수집하여 잎 형태별 특성을 조사하였다. 차나무 잎의 형태적 특성 중 엽장(葉長) (12.04㎝), 엽폭(葉幅)(4.90㎝), 엽면적(葉面積)(41.33㎝)은 사천 배방사지 차나무 잎이 가장 크게 나타났으며, 가장 작게 나타난 곳은 부산 전등사 차나무가 엽장(6.30㎝)과 엽폭(2.48㎝)이 작으며, 엽면적은 거제 봉곡사(14.80㎝) 차나무가 가장 작게 나타났다. 엽병장(葉柄長)은 밀양의 엄광사지(0.57㎝)와 사천 배방사지(0.57㎝) 차나무 잎이 가장 길게 나타났으며, 거치수(鋸齒數)는 사천 배방사지(30.13개) 차나무였으며, 엽맥수(葉脈數)는 하동 쌍계사(11.27개) 차나무로 가장 많게 나타났다. 생엽중(生葉重)과 건엽중(乾葉重)은 사천 배방사지 차나무가 생엽중(0.81 g), 건엽중(0.34 g)으로 가장 무거웠으며, 가장 작은 지역은 부산 전등사가 생엽중(0.25 g)이며, 건엽중은 전등사와 범어사(0.10 g)가 가장 가볍게 나타났다. 차나무 잎의 형질간 상관관계는 수량성을 나타내는 건엽중은 엽장, 엽폭, 엽면적, 생엽중과 고도의 유의성을 보였으며 0.8이상의 매우 높은 유의차를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 사천 배방사지 차나무가 엽장(葉長), 엽폭(葉幅), 엽면적(葉面積), 엽병장(葉柄長), 거치수(鋸齒數), 생엽무게, 건조무게 등은 전체적으로 가장 크고 무거웠으며, 엽맥수(葉脈數)는 하동 쌍계사 주변의 차나무가 가장 많았다. 자생하는 차나무의 다양한 유전적 변이를 이용하여 유용한 유전자원으로 이용한다면 우량 다수성 계통의 신품종 개발 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단되며, 금후 자생지역별로 생육환경이나 지리적 특성도 검토 분석 한다면 기능성 신품종 개발 보급에 기초 자료로서 활용성이 높을 것으로 판단된다. We collected the tea leaves from the vicinity of 14 Buddhist temple located in Busan and Gyeongnam area where wild tea trees and more than 30 year old tee trees were commonly found. The characteristics of the tea leaves were surveyed. Among those tee leaves from 14 areas, Baebangsaji (Goseong) tea leaves had the highest value of leaf length (12.04 ㎝), leaf width(4.90 cm), and leaf area (41.33 ㎝). The tea leaves of Jeondeungsa (Busan) had the lowest value of leaf length (6.30 ㎝) and leaf width (2.48 ㎝). The tea leaves of Bonggoksa (Geoje) had the lowest value of leaf area (14.80 ㎝). The longest leaf stalk length was Umgwangsaji (Miryang) tea leaves (0.57 ㎝) and Baedangsaji (Goseong) tea leaf (0.57 ㎝). The largest No. of serrate was Baedangsaji (Goseong) tea leaves (30.13) and for leaf vein was Ssanggyesa (Hadong) as a number of 11.27. The heaviest weight of fresh leaf was Baedangsaji (Goseong) tea leaf (0.81 g) and, also, the dry tea leaf of Baedangsaji (Goseong) was the heaviest (0.34 g). The lightest weight of fresh leaf was Jeondeungsa (Busan) tea leaves (0.25 g) and the lightest weight of dry leaf was Jeondeungsa. In this study, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf stalk length, No. of serrate, weight of fresh leaf and weight of dry leaf value of the leaves collected from Baedangsaji (Goseong) was generally high and The highest value of No. of leaf vein was from Ssanggyesa (Hadong).

제주특별자치도에서 재배되는 차나무(Camellia sinensis L.)의 품종별 잎의 특성

제순자(Soon-Ja Je),이용호(Yong-Ho Lee),오주성(Ju-Sung Oh),황필성(Pil-Seong Hwang),송인관(In-Kwan, Song),김선숙(Seon-Sook, Kim) 한국차학회 2011 한국차학회지 Vol.17 No.2

As a result of analysis, Wu-yi has the highest value in leaf length (9.45 cm), width (3.88 cm), and area (25.84 cm2) and it also has the highest weight value of dry (0.38 g)/fresh (0.71 g) leaf. Asanoka has the highest value in leaf stalk length as 0.61cm, Taiwan tea (Daecha No. 21) has the largest value in the number of serrate as 21.60 while Jeju No.1 has the largest value in the number of vein as 9.80. Jeju No. 2 has the lowest value in leaf length (6.65 cm), width (2.25 cm), area (10.6 cm2), and the number of serrate (15.07) as well as it has the lowest weight value of dry (0.07g)/fresh (0.28 g) leaf while Jeju No.1 has the lowest value in leaf stalk length (0.16 cm). Taiwan tea (Daecha No.21), Mayryoku, and Asanoka have the same value in the number of vein (7.07) as the lowest value. As a result of analysis for heritability, genetic variance and environmental variance of tea leaves, the values of genetic variance are higher than the values of environmental variance in all the traits. The value of genetic variance is the highest in leaf area as 23.4734 as well as the value of environmental variance is the highest in leaf area as 5.0496, However, the value of environmental variance tended to lower overall. The value of heritability is the highest in leaf stalk length as 99.95%, the weight value of dry leaf, leaf width in order. The value of heritability is high as more than 70% in all the traits and therefore it would be easy to select superior traits.

두릅나무과 식물의 SOD 활성과 광계 2 의 광화학적 효율에 미치는 온도 스트레스와 Paraquat 의 영향

오순자(Soon Ja Oh),고정군(Jung Goon Koh),김응식(Eung Sik Kim),오문유(Moon You Oh),고석찬(Suck Chan Koh) 한국환경생물학회 1999 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.17 No.2

The effects of temperature stress and paraquat on the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and the photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ were studied in the leaves of Araliaceae plants. The SOD activity of Acanthopanax koreanum leaf discs increased at 4℃ and 28℃, and increased significantly at 4℃, 28℃ and 35℃ in the presence of paraquat. However, the SOD activity of Dendropanax morbifera leaf discs decreased at 4℃, 28℃ and 35℃ regardless of paraquat treatment. The photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ, Fv/Fm, of leaf discs of A. koreanum and D. morbifera fell remarkable at 35℃. IN the presence of paraquat, the Fv/Fm values fell slightly at 4℃ in A. koreanum leaf discs and at 35℃, in D. morbifera leaf discs. These results indicate that A. koreanum plants are more resistant to temperature stress or oxidative stress than D. morbifera plants although their photochemical efiiciency falls slightly at 4℃ in the presence of paraquat.

카드뮴 스트레스에 대한 수생식물 5종의 엽록소형광 반응

오순자 ( Soon Ja Oh ),진국림 ( Kook Lhim Zhin ),고석찬 ( Seok Chan Koh ) 한국환경과학회 2009 한국환경과학회지 Vol.18 No.12

엽록소형광분석을 이용한 담수산 클로렐라(Chlorella vulgaris)에 미치는 중금속의 영향 평가

오순자 ( Soon Ja Oh ),고석찬 ( Seok Chan Koh ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.12

The response of the freshwater microalga, Chlorella vulgaris, to heavy metal stress was examined based on chlorophyll fluorescence analysis to assess the toxic effects of heavy metals in freshwater ecosystems. When toxic effects were analyzed using regular chlorophyll fluorescence analysis, photosystem II activity(Fv/Fm) decreased significantly when exposed to Cu2+ and Hg2+ for 12 h, and decreased in the order of Hg2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Ni2+ when exposed for 24h. The effective photochemical quantum yield(Φ′PSII), chlorophyll fluorescence decrease ratio(RFd), minimal fluorescence yield(Fo), and non-photochemical quenching(NPQ), but not photochemical quenching(qP), responded sensitively to Hg2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+. These results suggest that Fv/Fm, as well as Φ′PSII, RFd, Fo, and NPQ could be used to assess the effects of heavy metal ions in freshwater ecosystems. However, because many types of heavy metal ions and toxic compounds co-occur under natural conditions, it is difficult to assess heavy metal toxicity in freshwater ecosystems. When Chlorella was exposed to heavy metal ions for 12 or 24h, Fv/Fm and maximal fluorescence yield(Fm) changed in response to Hg2+ and Cu2+ based on image analysis. However, assessing quantitatively the toxic effects of several heavy metal ions is challenging.

제주도 자생 참나무과 식물의 대기 중 CO2 흡수 능력의 비교분석

오순자 ( Soon Ja Oh ),신창훈 ( Chang Hoon Shin ),김철수 ( Chul Soo Kim ),강희석 ( Hee Suk Kang ),강경민 ( Kyeng Min Kang ),양윤희 ( Yun Hi Yang ),고석찬 ( Seok Chan Koh ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The rate of photosynthesis (A) of leaves from 10 plant species (6 evergreen and 4 deciduous) of the family Fagaceae was measured using a portable photosynthesis analyzer, to examine which species take up CO2 most efficiently. Of the evergreen species, the photosynthetic rate of Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii was highest, and remained above 82.1~106.4 μmol kg-1s-1 from July to November. Of the deciduous species, the photosynthetic rate of Quercus acutissima was higher than that of the other three species, and remained high at 83.5~116.6 μmol kg-1s-1 from September to November. The photosynthetic rate of the 10 species was positively correlated with stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E). However, there was no correlation between photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), although there was a positive correlation just in three species (Q. gilva, Q. acutissima and Q. glauca). These results suggest that the CO2 fixation capacity of C. cuspidata var. sieboldii, an evergreen species, and Q. acutissima, a deciduous species, is significantly higher than that of the other species examined, and that photosynthesis is regulated by both stomatal conductance and transpiration. Therefore, C. cuspidata var. sieboldii and Q. acutissima may be valuable for the evaluation of carbon uptake in urban green spaces as well as in afforested areas.

담수산 클로렐라(Chlorella vulgaris)의 수은 스트레스에 대한 엽록소형광 반응

오순자 ( Soon Ja Oh ),고석찬 ( Seok Chan Koh ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.6

The response of the freshwater microalga Chlorella vulgaris to mercuric ion (Hg2+) stress was examined using chlorophyll a fluorescence image analysis and O-J-I-P analysis as a way to monitor the toxic effects of mercury on water ecosystems. The levels of photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids, decreased with increasing Hg2+ concentration. The maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ(Fv/Fm) changed remarkably with increasing Hg2+ concentration and treatment time. In particular, above 200 μM Hg2+, considerable mercury toxicity was seen within 2 h. The chlorophyll a fluorescence transient O-J-I-P was also remarkably affected by Hg2+; the fluorescence emission decreased considerably in steps J, I, and P with an increase in Hg2+ concentration when treated for 4 h. Subsequently, the JIP-test parameters (Fm, Fv/Fo, RC/CS, TRo/CS, ETo/CS, ΦPO, ΨO and ΦEO) decreased with increasing Hg2+ concentration, while N, Sm, ABS/RC, DIo/RC and DIo/CS increased. Therefore, a useful biomarker for investigating mercury stress in water ecosystems, and the parameters Fm, ΦPO, ΨO, and RC/CS can be used to monitor the environmental stress in water ecosystems quantitatively.