파이프 골조 온실의 구조 실태 및 안전성 검토

남상운 ( Nam Sang Woon ),김문기 ( Kim Moon Ki ),유인호 ( Yu In Ho ) 한국농공학회 2000 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2000 No.-

An investigation and structural safety analysis was conducted to get the basic data for establishing maintenance strategy of pipe framed greenhouses. The number of greenhouses investigated was 108 in total. Most multi-span greenhouses had narrower width and lower height than the standard 1-2W greenhouse, and most of single-span greenhouses were tunnel type. In multi-span greenhouses, the size and interval of frameworks such as rafter, purline, column, and cross beam were mostly suitable, but frameworks of single-span greenhouses were mostly insufficient.

친환경 농촌마을계획을 위한 주거 에너지 이용실태 조사 분석

남상운 ( Nam Sang-woon ),김대식 ( Kim Dae-sik ) 한국농공학회 2007 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.49 No.6

Actual states of energy utilizations were investigated and analyzed on three representative rural villages in Chungcheongnam-Do. Rural residents were almost using the ondol boiler as a heating facility and oil(diesel, kerosene) and electricity(night thermal-storage power service) as a heating energy. There were a few households using briquette or firewood in a fuel hole with Korean hypocaust. Most of their cooking facilities were gas ranges using LPG. The most popular hot-water supply system was an oil boiler and the next was an electricity boiler. The amount of energy use in a rural household generally showed 20,000 to 40,000 won/month of the electric power rate, 400 to 800 liter/year of the oil and 60 to 120 kg/year of the LPG. Prompt measures should be taken to promote the spread of new and renewable energy such as solar heat, biomass and wind power, etc.

제습기를 이용한 온실 포그냉방시스템의 효율향상

남상운(Sang Woon Nam),김기성(Kee Sung Kim),Gene A. Giacomelli (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2005 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 온실에서의 제습장치 이용에 관한 기초 자료를 제공할 목적으로 지하수를 냉매로 하는 열교환기 방식의 제습장치를 제작하여 제습성능을 시험하고, 포그냉방시스템을 설치한 온실에 적용하여 제습이 증발냉각효율의 향상에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 제습기 성능실험 결과 지하수를 냉매로 이용할 경우 포그냉방시스템을 적용한 온실의 제습은 충분히 가능한 것으로 확인되었다. 냉방 온실의 기온을 32℃로 설정할 때 냉매인 지하수의 온도가 15℃에서 18, 21, 24℃로 높아지면 제습량은 각각 17.7%, 35.4%, 52.8% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 유량을 75%, 50%로 줄이면 제습량은 각각 12.1 %, 30.5% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때 지하수를 이용한 제습기의 설계에 있어서 이용 가능한 유량과 온도가 중요한 인자임을 알 수 있다. 포그냉방온실에 제습기를 설치함으로서 뚜렷한 냉방효율 개선을 확인할 수 있었다. 환기율 0.7 회ㆍmin?¹정도의 자연환기 상태에서 포그냉방 온실의 환기에 의한 제습율은 53.9~74.4%였으며, 제습기를 가동할 경우 75.4~95.9%까지 높아졌다. 제습기 설계유량과 18℃의 지하수를 사용할 경우 0.36 회ㆍmim?¹정도의 환기율에서도 포그시스템 작동으로 인하여 발생하는 분무량을 완전히 제거할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 제습기를 이용하여 자연환기 온실에서의 포그 냉방 효율을 충분히 높힐 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. In order to provide fundamental data on utilization of dehumidifier in greenhouses, a condensing type dehumidifier using ground water as a coolant was developed and tested dehumidification performance. The developed dehumidifier was applied to greenhouse with fog cooling system and effect of dehumidification on improvement of evaporative cooling efficiency was analyzed. Results of the dehumidifier performance test showed that dehumidification using ground water as a coolant was sufficiently possible in fog cooling greenhouse. When the set point temperature of greenhouse cooling was 32℃ and as temperatures of ground water rose from 15℃ to 18℃, 21℃ and 24℃, dehumidification rates decreased by 17.7%, 35.4% and 52.8%, respectively. As flow rates of ground water reduced to 75% and 50%, dehumidification rates decreased by 12.1% and 30.5%, respectively. Cooling efficiency of greenhouse equipped with fog system was distinctly improved by artificial dehumidification. When the ventilation rate was 0.7 air exchanges per minute, dehumidification rates of the fog cooling greenhouse caused by natural ventilation were 53.9%~74.4% and they rose up to 75.4%~95.9% by operating the dehumidifier. In case of using the ground water of 18℃ and flow rate of design condition, it was analyzed that whole fog spraying water can be dehumidified even if the ventilation rate is 0.36 exchanges per minute. As a utilization of dehumidifier, it is possible to improve cooling efficiency of fog system in naturally ventilated greenhouses.

식용 고구마 품종 ‘호감미’

이형운(Hyeong-Un Lee),이준설(Joon-Seol Lee),정미남(Mi-Nam Chung),양정욱(Jung-Wook Yang),남상식(Sik-Sang Nam),한선경(Seon-Kyeong Han),김재명(Jae-Myung Kim),안승현(Seung-Hyun Ahn),송연상(Yeon-Sang Song),황엄지(Eom-Ji Hwang),유경단(Gyeo 한국육종학회 2019 한국육종학회지 Vol.51 No.4

‘Hogammi’ was developed as a sweetpotato variety with β-carotene content and excellent palatability in 2015. It was derived by crossing ‘AB95007-2’, which has good shape and storage root yield, and ‘Annoimo’, which has light orange flesh and good palatability. ‘Hogammi’ had storage roots with long elliptical shape, red skin, and light orange flesh. The texture of the steamed storage root of ‘Hogammi’ was intermediate or slightly moist, and it was more tender than that of ‘Yulmi’. The soluble solid content of the steamed storage roots of ‘Hogammi’ was 29.7 °Brix, which was 10.8% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. The palatability of the steamed storage roots of ‘Hogammi’ was better than that of ‘Yulmi’. The β-carotene content of the storage roots of ‘Hogammi’ was 9.8 mg/100 g dry weight. ‘Hogammi’ was moderately resistant to Fusarium wilt and root-knot nematode. In ‘Hogammi’, the number of marketable storage roots per plant and the average weight of marketable storage root were 3.4 and 133 g under culture in the normal season, respectively. The marketable storage root yield of ‘Hogammi’ was 24.1 MT/ha under culture in the normal season, which was 4% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. The yield of marketable storage root over 50 g of ‘Hogammi’ was 14.5 MT/ha under culture in the early season, which was 39.8% lower than that under culture in the normal season. ‘Hogammi’ was more suitable for culture in the normal season (Registration No. 6466).

식용 고구마 신품종 ‘풍원미’

이형운(Hyeong-Un Lee),이준설(Joon-Seol Lee),정미남(Mi-Nam Chung),한선경(Seon-Kyeong Han),김재명(Jae-Myung Kim),양정욱(Jung-Wook Yang),안승현(Seung-Hyun Ahn),남상식(Sang-Sik Nam),송연상(Yeon-Sang Song),문진영(Jin-Young Moon),최규환(Ky 한국육종학회 2017 한국육종학회지 Vol.49 No.4

‘Pungwonmi’, a new sweetpotato variety, was developed for table use by Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2014. This variety was derived from the cross between ‘Benisatsuma’ and ‘Luby3074’ in 2006. The seedling and line selections were performed from 2007 to 2009, and preliminary and advanced yield trials were carried out from 2010 to 2011. The regional yield trials were conducted at five locations from 2012 to 2014, and it was named as ‘Pungwonmi’. This variety has cordate leaf shape, and its leaves, stems, nodes, and petioles are green. Storage root of ‘Pungwonmi’ has an elliptical shape, red skin, and light orange flesh. ‘Pungwonmi’ was moderately resistant to fusarium wilt, and resistant to root-knot nematode. Dry matter content was 31.2%, and texture of steamed storage root was intermediate. Total sugar content of raw and steamed storage roots of ‘Pungwonmi’ was higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. β-carotene content of ‘Pungwonmi’ was 9.1 mg/100g DW. Yield of marketable storage root over 50 g of ‘Pungwonmi’ was 24.3 MT/ha under the early season culture, which was 46% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. The number of marketable storage roots per plant was 2.8 and the average weight of marketable storage root was 156 g under the optimal and late season culture. Marketable storage root yield of ‘Pungwonmi’ was 24.1 MT/ha under the optimum and late season culture, which was 26% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. (Registration No. 6428).

농촌 그린빌리지 계획을 위한 풍력에너지 자원분석

남상운 ( Sang Woon Nam ),김대식 ( Dae Sik Kim ) 한국농촌계획학회 2008 농촌계획 Vol.14 No.2

식용 고구마 신품종 ‘건황미’

이형운(Hyeong-Un Lee),정미남(Mi-Nam Chung),이준설(Joon-Seol Lee),안승현(Seung-Hyun Ahn),김재명(Jae-Myung Kim),한선경(Seon-Kyeong Han),양정욱(Jung-Wook Yang),최규환(Kyu-Hwan Choi),최인후(In-Hu Choi),남상식(Sang-Sik Nam) 한국육종학회 2016 한국육종학회지 Vol.48 No.3

‘Geonhwangmi’, a new sweetpotato variety, was developed for table use by Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), and RDA in 2013. This variety was derived from the cross between ‘Singeonmi’ and ‘Mokpo34’ in 2005. The seedling and line selections were performed from 2006 to 2008, preliminary and advanced yield trials were carried out from 2009 to 2010. The regional yield trials were conducted at five locations from 2011 to 2013, and it was named as ‘Geonhwangmi’. This variety has five-lobed leaf, and its leaves, stems, and petioles are green. Storage root of ‘Geonhwangmi’ has an elliptical shape, red skin, and light orange flesh. ‘Geonhwangmi’ was moderately resistant to fusarium wilt, and resistant to root-knot nematode. Dry matter content was 29.4%, and texture of steamed storage root was intermediate. Sucrose content of steamed storage root of ‘Geonhwangmi’ was higher than that of ‘Yulmi’, and steamed storage root palatability of ‘Geonhwangmi’ was better than that of ‘Yulmi’. β-carotene content of ‘Geonhwangmi’ was 3.4 mg/100g DW, which was 7.8% of ‘Juhwangmi’. Yield of marketable storage root over 50 g of ‘Geonhwangmi’ was 23.0 MT/ha under the early seasonal cultivation, which was 39% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. The number of marketable storage roots per plant was 2.6 and the average weight of marketable storage root was 151 g under the optimal and late seasonal cultivation. Marketable storage root yield of ‘Geonhwangmi’ was 24.2 MT/ha under the optimum and late seasonal cultivation, which was 45% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. (Registration No. 5853).

금강변 저지대 시설원예단지의 침수피해 실태와 개선방안 조사연구

남상운,김태철,김대식,Nam, Sang-Woon,Kim, Tae-Cheol,Kim, Dae-Sik 한국농공학회 2010 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.52 No.3

Investigations on the inundation damage and improvement measures were carried out centering around the protected horticultural complex concentrated in lowlands on the side of Geum river, in Nonsan and Buyeo, Chungnam. Most greenhouses were single-span plastic houses in this area, and tomato, strawberry and watermelon were cultivated mainly. 45.8 % of whole farmhouse were experienced in damage by inundation, and a frequency of the damage was average once in 11 years. The most urgent problem at the greenhouse culture in this area was showed in order of drainage improvement, irrigation water resources and energy saving. Consideration items in drainage improvement project for protected horticulture were showed in order of extending drain pumps, extending drain canals, using concrete flume in drain ditch. It needs to consider systematic plans that can restrain new establishment of greenhouses on the lowland paddy field in drainage area. It is difficult to remove greenhouses which are already established or prohibit cultivation. Therefore we should impose minimum duty items so that greenhouse tillers can cope with inundation. And it is thought that managing agency need to minimize farmers damage by improving drainage ability and introducing maintenance pattern that is different from rice cropping.

일체형 팬 앤 패드 시스템과 에어 덕트를 이용한 온실 냉방

남상운(Sang-Woon Nam),김영식(Young-Shik Kim) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2011 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.20 No.3

온실의 한쪽 벽에 패드를 설치하고 반대쪽 벽에 팬을 설치하여 가동하는 팬 앤 패드 냉방 온실의 온도경사 문제를 극복하기 위한 목적으로 일체형 팬 앤 패드 시스템과 에어 덕트를 설치한 온실의 냉방 실험을 통하여 냉방성능을 분석하였다. 일체형 팬 앤 패드 증발냉각기의 효율은 1단 가동시 75.7%, 2단 가동시 88.6%로 나타나 대체로 우수한 냉각효율을 보이는 것으로 판단된다. 온실의 냉방성능 실험 결과 무차광 조건에서 온실 냉방 시스템을 가동할 경우 대조구 온실에 비해서 5.7~7.6℃ 정도의 냉방효과가 있으며 차광 조건에서는 7.4~9.7℃ 정도의 냉방효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 시스템을 적용할 경우 여름철 온실의 최고기온을 37℃ 정도로써 외기온 대비 5℃ 이내로 유지할 수 있으며, 적절한 차광을 실시할 경우에는 33℃ 정도에 2℃ 이내로 유지하는 것이 가능하여 고온기 작물재배에 큰 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. 한편, 본 냉방 실험에서 온실의 온도 분포를 분석한 결과 18m 길이의 온실 내 최대 온도 편차는 차광시 1.6~1.7℃, 무차광시 2.3~2.7℃ 정도로 나타났다. Kittas 등(2003)과 Nam 등(2005)의 자료와 비교한 결과 본 연구에서 구상한 일체형 팬 앤 패드 시스템과 에어 덕트를 이용한 온실 냉방시스템은 기존의 팬 앤패드 냉방 온실의 최대 단점인 온도 편차를 40~50% 정도 개선할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 시스템은 자연환기 상태에서 가동할 수 있으므로 단동 온실에 적용하기가 쉬우며, 일체형 증발냉각기 출구로부터 온실 내 에어 덕트 시점까지의 연결 덕트 부분을 철저하게 단열하면 냉방성능을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. The fan and pad evaporative cooling system is one of the main cooling methods in greenhouses. Its efficiency is very high, but it has some disadvantages as temperature gradient in greenhouse is large. This study was conducted to reduce the internal temperature gradients in the fan and pad cooling greenhouses. Experiments on cooling performance were carried out in a greenhouse equipped with air duct and integrated fan and pad system as an idea of this study. It showed that the cooling efficiency of an integrated fan and pad system was 75.7% in the first stage and 88.6% in the second stage. When this cooling system was operated for an unshaded and a shaded greenhouse, there were cooling effects of 5.7~7.6℃ and 7.4~9.7℃ to the control greenhouse, respectively. Maximum temperature differences in a cooling greenhouse, with a length of 18m, were 1.6~1.7℃ for shaded conditions and 2.3~2.7℃ for unshaded conditions. This greenhouse cooling method, with air duct and integrated fan and pad system, can reduce about 40~50% of the internal temperature gradients in the usual fan and pad cooling greenhouses.

압축공기를 이용한 저압 포그시스템의 온실 냉방효율 분석

남상운 ( S. W. Nam ),성인모 ( I. M. Sung ),고기혁 ( G. H. Ko ),서동욱 ( D. U. Seo ),김영식 ( Y. S. Kim ) 한국농공학회 2012 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2012 No.-

압축공기를 이용한 에어포그 냉방시스템의 효율적인 이용방안을 도출하기 위하여 저압 에어포그 노즐을 설치한 토마토 재배 온실에서 냉방실험을 통하여 제어방법별로 냉방효율을 분석하였다. 제어방법은 온도제어, 습도제어, 온습도제어, 타임제어로 설정하였다. 냉방효과는 평균 0.7~3.3℃, 최대 4.3~7.0℃를 보였고, 가습효과는 평균 3.5~13.5%, 최대 14.3~24.4%를 보였다. 타임제어 방식이 가장 높은 냉방효과와 가습효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 온습도제어 방식이 온도제어나 습도제어와 같은 단일항목 제어에 비해서는 냉방효과와 가습효과가 높았다. 단일항목 제어에서는 습도제어가 온도제어에 비하여 냉방효과가 높았으나, 가습효과는 온도제어가 습도제어보다 높았다. 타임제어에서는 분무시간이 길수록 냉방효과와 가습효과가 높았지만 큰 차이는 없었다. 비가 내리든가 날씨가 흐려서 일사량이 매우 낮고 습도는 매우 높은 경우와 같이 외부의 기상 조건을 기준으로 시스템의 가동 여부를 판단하고, 에어포그 시스템의 제어는 타임제어로 하는 것이 효율적인 것으로 판단되었다. 에어포그 시스템의 가동 여부 판단기준 설정과 효과적인 타임제어 시간설정을 위해서는 추가적인 실험이 요망된다. 증발냉각 시스템의 냉방효율은 외기의 건습구 온도차에 대하여 실제 냉각온도(외기의 건구온도-냉각된 온도)의 백분율로 표시된다. 하지만 이 방식은 외부 공기가 패드를 통과하면서 냉각되어 실내로 공급되는 팬 앤 패드 시스템에만 적용할 수 있다. 포그 시스템에서는 냉방가능 온도를 대조구 온실의 건구온도와 냉방온실의 습구온도 차이로 하고, 실제 냉각온도를 대조구 온실과 냉방온실의 건구온도 차이로 하여 구하였다. 냉방효율은 평균 8.3~27.3%로 나타나 미국에서 실험한 고압 포그시스템 53%와 저압 포그시스템 43%에 비하여 매우 낮게 나타났다. 이 결과로 볼 때 에어포그의 경우 분무입자의 증발율이 상당히 낮을 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 우리나라와 비슷한 기후조건인 일본에서 실험한 고압 포그시스템의 냉방효율 19.7∼29.5%와 비교하면 본 실험의 타임제어에서 나타난 냉방효율 24.6∼27.3%의 경우는 매우 유사한 결과를 보인다. 이는 에어포그 시스템이 저압이지만 압축공기를 이용함으로써 고압 포그시스템과 비슷한 정도의 냉방효율을 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있고, 노즐의 막힘 문제 등에서 유리할 것으로 판단된다.