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Genetics of Testcrossed Streak Virus Resistance Carotene Quality Protein Maize
Sunday Ayodele Ige,Bashir Omolaran Bello,Jimoh Mahamood,Michael Afolabi,Aremu Charity,Stephen Abolusoro,Abosede Victoria Adeniyi 한국육종학회 2023 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.11 No.3
Development of Provitamin A quality protein maize (PVA-QPM) conferring resistance to maize streak virus (MSV)would reduce the prevalence of the disease, alleviate malnutrition and increase food security in sub-Saharan Africa. This study wasconducted to (i) evaluate early maturing PVA-QPM inbreds and their derived testcross hybrids for grain yield, MSV-resistant,carotenoids, and tryptophan contents, (ii) estimate the combining ability of the MSV-resistant PVA-QPM testcrosses for all traits. Fiveimproved open-pollinated MSV resistance cultivars and five early maturing PVA-QPM inbreds were crossed in a half-diallel fashionwithout reciprocals. The derived forty-five F1 topcrosses, ten parental materials, and two commercial hybrids that served as controlswere tested at the Lower Niger River Basin Development Authority in Oke-Oyi, Nigeria, during rain-fed of the year 2019 and 2020. ThePVA-QPM inbreds from TZEIORQ 13, TZEIORQ 29, and TZEQI 82 that were crossed with MSV resistance AK-9528-DMRSR andPop 28 SR appeared potentially useful combinations for enhancing grain yield, MSV-resistant, carotenoids, and tryptophan contents,Testcrossed TZEQI 82 × AK-9528-DMRSR POP 28 SR, TZEQI 82 × ACR. 91 SUWAN-1-SR C1 and TZEQI 82 × IK.91 TZL COMP3-Y C1 were most outstanding for all measured grain yield and nutrient contents. Additive genetic effects were preponderant overnon-additive genetic effects under artificial infection of MSV disease. These three promising MSV resistance PVA-QPM hybridsshould be evaluated under on-farm multiplication trials for stability performance and adaptation to reduce malnourishment and foodself-sufficiency in SSA. Also, further researches on genomic analyses of the superior testcrosses are desirable.
Differential Response of Maize Inbreeding Depression to (Optimal and Stressed) Environments
Sunday Ayodele Ige,Bashir Omolaran Bello,Jimoh Mahamood,Michael Afolabi,Aremu Charity,Stephen Abolusoro,Abosede Victoria Adeniyi 한국육종학회 2023 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.11 No.4
Inbred lines generated from 10 maize population developed between 1979 and 2008 were used to investigate theinbreeding depression of tropical maize varieties developed at different breeding eras and evaluated in (optimal and stressed) condition. Across all the environments used for this study, estimates of inbred depression (I) for grain yield which ranged from 15.63% foroptimum environment to 35.85 under stem borer infestation, showed differences in the severity of the effects of practicing inbreedingin each of the populations and the different environments. The highest values of inbreeding depression for grain yield were recordedunder stem borer infestation. The effect of inbreeding was the most severe for var. DMR-LSR-W under borer infestation and least forDMR-LSR-Y in stress free environment. This is an indication that the responses of the maize populations to inbreeding as well as therate of attaining homozygosity differed with environments. Across the four different environments under which the genotypes wereevaluated, average inbreeding depression for grain yield were greater relative to other traits considered which should be expected sincegrain yield is a quantitatively inherited trait, governed by many genes each with minor effects.
( Olatunji Abubakar Jimoh ),( Eyanlola Soladoye Ayedun ),( Waheed Abimbola Oyelade ),( Olugbenga David Oloruntola ),( Olajumoke Temidayo Daramola ),( Simeon Olugbemiga Ayodele ),( Idowu Samuel Omoniyi 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2018 한국축산학회지 Vol.60 No.11
Background: Preventing oxidative stress in heat stressed animals may be possible by increasing antioxidant defence via exogenous administration of antioxidant substrate and/or its precursors. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Soursop juice in mitigating oxidative stress induced by heat stress in rabbit. Methods: Sixty mixed breed rabbit bucks aged 12-18 months old with the average weight of 1826 ± 8.35 g/rabbit, randomly allotted to experimental treatments of four replicates each, in a completely randomized design during high-temperature humidity index in Ado Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria. Soursop juice (SSJ) was administered via oral drenched daily per kg body weight (BW), to designated treatment 1 to 5; 0.55 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW distilled water (control), 0.55 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW SSJ, 1.11 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW SSJ, 1.67 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW SSJ and 2.22 mlkg-1BW SSJ, respectively. Fastened blood samples were collected at days 28 and 56, and assay for serum protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation using standard procedures. Result: Result revealed that SSJ demonstrated hypocholesterolemic effect in a dose-dependent manner throughout the study. Effect of chronic administration of SSJ to heat stressed rabbits proved beneficial, as SSJ reduced serum lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant activity over 8 weeks. Conclusion: Administration of soursop juice to heat-stressed bucks at 2.22 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW offered optimum antioxidant defense against oxidative stress.
( Olatunji Abubakar Jimoh ),( Micheal Olawale Akinola ),( Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi ),( Wahab Adekunle Oyeyemi ),( Simeon Olugbenga Ayodele ),( Idowu Samuel Omoniyi ),( Hafsat Ololade Okin-aminu ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.1
Fruits with antioxidant enrichment can be an economically affordable supplement for mitigating oxidative damage prone spermatozoa membrane pathologies. Computer-assisted sperm analyzer and oxidative status were utilized to evaluate the impact of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fortification of dextrose saline as diluent for rooster semen and fertility response of hens inseminated. Watermelon juice and dextrose saline were used to formulate diluent of 7 treatments consisting of unextended semen (positive control), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and only dextrose saline (negative control) designated as Treatments 1-7. Pooled semen was obtained from fertile roosters and equilibrated with diluents at ratio 1:2 in the various treatments and were evaluated using computer software coupled microscope and seminal oxidative status assay. 168 laying hens randomly divided into 7 treatment of 8 replicates and 3 hen per replicate. Hen were everted, and semen (2 × 10<sup>8</sup> Spermatozoa) deposited intra-vagina and eggs collected over 8 weeks to assess fertility and hatchability of eggs laid. The result obtained revealed that watermelon-dextrose saline rooster semen diluent enhanced progressive motility, sperm kinetics and lowered non-progressive motility in T2-T6 compared to T7 over the 3 hours of evaluation. Watermelon addition to rooster semen diluent enhance the antioxidant capacity of rooster semen and lowered lipid peroxide generation. The percentage fertility was highest in T3 (81.01%) and T4 (81.24%) with lowest value obtained in T7 (73.46%). The hatchability of eggs set of hens inseminated with undiluted semen (71.46%) was lower than values for hens inseminated with watermelon inclusive extended semen (75.71%-80.39%). The optimal inclusion of 30%-40% watermelon in dextrose saline diluent enhance rooster semen kinetics, seminal oxidative stability and egg fertility.