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EU의 MENA에 대한 협력제고 전략: MENA 국가에 대한 EU 제재와 ODA
심성은 서강대학교 유로메나연구소 2020 통합유럽연구 Vol.11 No.3
The 1994 Euro-Mediterranean partnership and the 2004 European Neighbourhood Policy(ENP) may testify to the EU’s efforts to intensify cooperative relationship with MENA countries. By the way, political science literature has failed so far to identify the motivations which lie in such diplomatic steps. This paper aims to analyze the different interests which the EU has in its relationship with MENA countries by dividing them into two groups : (1) MENA countries sanctioned only by the EU, not in line with the UN’s sanctions, such as Egypt, Tunisia, and Turkey, (2) while another group of MENA countries like Iran, Libya, and Syria, commonly have experienced sanctions from both the EU and the UN. One of my findings is that political situation in the countries of the first group was not so much serious than those in the countries of the second group. Another finding is that the EU’s autonomous sanctions on the first group have been executed at a lower level than the two-party sanctions on the second group. It is also noteworthy that EU’s economic relations, such as ODA, FDI and trade balance, with Egypt, Tunisia and Turkey, were intensified after putting into effect of autonomous sanctions. This research arrives at conclusion that EU makes the best use of its economic and political measures – ODA, FDI and sanctions- in order to strengthen its relationship with targeted countries in which EU has an important interests.
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